眼球脉络膜黑色素瘤的CT和MRI表现

目的:分析眼球脉络膜黑色素瘤的CT和MRI表现,并探讨其在诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值.材料和方法:回顾性分析经手术和病理证实的25例眼球脉络膜黑色素瘤,其中CT扫描13例,MRI检查7例,CT加MRI检查5例.结果:本组仅1例肿瘤侵及球外,其余均局限于眼球内.3例为梭形,21例为蘑菇形.CT平扫密度较均匀,接近眼环密度;增强后12例呈明显均匀强化,3例不均匀强化.1例伴有斑片状钙化.14例显示肿瘤的一侧或两侧周边区半月形视网膜剥离.与玻璃体比较T1WI呈高信号,T2WI呈低信号.10例显示视网膜剥离,渗液在T1WI、T2WI上均呈中高信号.增强后T1WI示瘤体中等至明显强化,周边积液未见强化,仅1例周边积液显示中等强化.结论:CT与MRI均能显示眼球内的病灶,MRI对该病的诊断及鉴别诊断优于CT且具有特征性.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

目的 探讨眼脉络膜血管瘤的常规及动态增强MRI表现.方法 回顾性分析30例(31只眼共32个病灶)经临床、眼底相及荧光血管造影确诊的脉络膜血管瘤的MRI资料,其中行平扫和常规增强扫描30例,行动态增强扫描26例,观察各个序列MRI表现,计算动态增强曲线参数.结果 32个脉络膜血管瘤病灶中,位于视乳头颞侧26个病灶,呈梭形28个病灶;与玻璃体信号相比,T1WI呈等信号23个病灶,T2研呈等信号31个病灶;增强后明显强化32个病灶,强化均匀31个病灶,不均匀1个病灶,伴视网膜脱离18只眼;动态增强扫描出现填充征12个病灶,时间-信号曲线呈速升缓降型28个病灶,峰值时问为(91.00±25.27)s,上升斜率为3.03±1.13,流出率中位数为17.06%,强化率为2.87±0.79.结论 脉络膜血管瘤MRI现病灶形态、信号及动态增强具有一定特点,能为临床诊断和治疗方案制定提供重要信息.     

伽玛刀治疗脉络膜黑色素瘤近期疗效的MRI观察

目的对比脉络膜黑色素瘤(choroidal melanoma)伽玛刀(gamma knife radiosurgery,GKS)治疗前后的MRI表现,探讨MRI对评估GKS近期治疗效果及预后的价值。方法回顾性分析27例脉络膜黑色素瘤患者GKR治疗前及治疗后3个月的MRI表现。结果 27例均为单眼单病灶,左眼15例,右眼12例。T1WI显示17例(63%)呈高信号,10例(37%)呈等信号;T2WI显示均为低信号;脂肪抑制T1WI均为明显高信号。3例瘤体信号显示欠均匀。15例行增强扫描,肉眼观察呈中等至明显强化,其中12例均匀强化,3例不均匀强化。8例可见视网膜脱离。1例伴有球外侵犯,眼睑软组织增厚,有明显强化。GKS后3个月17例瘤体不同程度缩小,10例无变化,未见体积增大者;肿瘤缩小程度分为4个等级:0%～25%者15例,26%～50%者4例,51%～75%者3例,76%～100%者5例,局部有效控制率为100%。1例伴视网膜脱离者脱离范围较治疗前缩小。伴有球外侵犯者眼睑软组织增厚及强化程度较前明显减轻。瘤体信号与治疗前相比无明显变化。结论 MRI不仅是脉络膜黑色素瘤不可替代的检查手段,而且在GKS治疗近期疗效评价及预后方面也具有重要参考价值。     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

MRI Value in the Differentiation of Choroidal Hemangioma and Choroidal Melanoma

目的 分析眼球脉络膜血管瘤与黑色素瘤的常规及动态增强MRI特征,以提高对这两种疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断水平.资料与方法 脉络膜血管瘤9例,脉络膜黑色素瘤12例,均经术后病理或临床证实,所有病例均行常规和动态增强MRI检查,观察各个序列MRI表现,并通过动态增强时间-信号强度曲线(TIC),计算最大强化时间(Tmax)、最大强化率(ER)、上升斜率( Slope)及流出率(WR),最后进行统计学分析.结果 脉络膜血管瘤与黑色素瘤无论在发病部位、病灶大小、信号特征、强化方式,还是在ER、Slope及WR上均有显著性差异(P＜0.05),而且后者可以提供定量信息.结论 MRI常规序列结合动态增强检查在脉络膜血管瘤和黑色素瘤的鉴别诊断上具有重要价值,同时为鉴别眼球内其他病变提供有力的依据.     

葡萄膜黑色素瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨MRI对葡萄膜黑色素瘤的诊断价值。资料与方法对35例葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者行MRI横断面、冠状面、斜矢状面平扫及增强扫描。结果35例黑色素瘤患者中27例在T1WI表现为高信号,8例为等信号,T2WI上均为低信号,增强后为中度至明显强化。21例继发的视网膜脱离在T1WI上为高信号,T2WI上为等或高信号,无强化。结论MRI可对肿瘤进行精确定位,同时能显示肿瘤的大小和信号特征,有助于对葡萄膜黑色素瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断。     

脉络膜裂蛛网膜囊肿的CT、MRI诊断价值

目的:探讨脉络膜裂蛛网膜囊肿的CT、MRI诊断价值。方法:经CT和MRI诊断为脉络膜裂蛛网膜囊肿的患者23例。CT轴位扫描18例,其中增强扫描4例,CT冠状扫描2例,MRI进一步检查14例;单独MRI检查5例。结果:23例病灶均位于两侧脉络膜裂区,发生于右侧15例,发生于左侧8例;均为单发病灶;最大者22mm×28mm,最小者直径5mm。轴位CT上病灶呈长卵圆形、圆形,与环池相连14例,CT值6～26HU,平均为11.4HU。MRI表现:冠状面呈“双凸透镜”形、卵圆形,矢状面呈卵圆形、“箭头样”表现;均呈长T1长T2信号,FLAIR序列示囊肿信号呈低信号。CT、MRI增强扫描均无强化表现。其中CT首次诊断而误诊为其他疾病10例,MRI误诊2例。结论:CT和MRI均可检出脉络膜裂蛛网膜囊肿,但在明确诊断和鉴别诊断方面,MRI优势明显。     

椎管内海绵状血管瘤的MRI诊断

目的：探讨椎管内海绵状血管瘤的MRI定性诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析9例经手术病理证实的椎管内海绵状血管瘤的MRI表现.9例均行MRT1WI和T2WI,7例行增强扫描。结果：9例椎管内海绵状血管瘤中,7例位于胸椎椎管,2例位于颈胸椎椎管;9例肿瘤均沿脊椎纵轴、呈梭形或长条形生长,主要位于椎管内硬膜外腔;横轴面图像上肿块呈钳状包绕、推压邻近脊髓,2例肿瘤侵犯、压迫相邻的椎间孔并使其扩大,且经椎间孔突入椎旁间隙呈哑铃状。9例肿瘤中7例信号均匀,于T1WI上呈低信号,于T2WI上呈高信号,增强扫描示病灶呈较均匀一致的明显强化;2例肿瘤合并出血,T1WI和T2WI上均呈不均匀混杂信号。9例中2例合并椎体血管瘤。结论：椎管内海绵状血管瘤的MRI表现有一定特征性。     

黑色素瘤脑转移的低场MRI表现

目的 总结黑色素瘤脑转移的低场MRI表现,以提高对该病的认识. 资料与方法 回顾分析8例经手术病理证实的黑色素瘤脑转移患者的MRI表现. 结果 黑色素瘤脑转移患者的MRI表现分为3种:(1)脑内多发大小不等、球状、结节状病灶,T1WI高信号,T2WI上为低信号,灶周水肿明显,增强扫描病灶呈均一高信号,共4例;(2)肿瘤内可有出血而致信号不均匀,增强后多呈不规则、花环状强化影,共3例;(3)在前两种表现基础上合并脑膜转移,共1例. 结论 黑色素瘤脑转移的瘤体易出血和富含黑色素颗粒这两个特征,决定其MRI表现的特性.     

MRI及CT对软组织海绵状、蔓状血管瘤的诊断价值

目的 :探讨软组织海绵状血管瘤 (CH)、蔓状血管瘤 (RH)的MRI、CT表现及诊断价值。方法 :回顾性总结经手术及病理证实 2 1例CH及 14例RH的MRI和CT表现。结果 :CH在MRI上呈团块或不规则状 ,边界清楚 ,血窦呈不均匀等T1长T2 信号 ,瘤内纤维、脂肪组织呈花边、条状分隔或串珠样短T2 信号 ;CT示肿瘤密度不均 ,有分隔 ,呈中等度强化。RH形态不规则、边界欠清 ,MRT1WI及T2 WI可见其内管状流空血管影 ;CT示瘤内见结节状、蚓状等、高密度影 ,部分有钙化、静脉石 ,增强扫描呈结节状、条状明显强化。结论 :CH和RH影像表现具有相对特征性 ;CT有利于显示瘤内钙化、静脉石 ,MRI则可反映瘤内脉管及非血管组织成分 ,对定性诊断有重要的价值。     

MRI动态增强扫描在肝脏炎性假瘤诊断与鉴别中的价值

目的探讨MRI平扫及动态增强在肝脏炎性假瘤(IPL)诊断与鉴别中的价值。资料与方法回顾性分析行Gd-DTPA动态增强MRI检查并经手术病理证实的IPL12例13个病灶,重点观察病灶在动态增强扫描中的强化方式及特点。结果12例患者共发现13个病灶,在T1WI上,4个病灶呈等信号,其余呈低信号。在T2WI上,6个病灶呈高信号,4个呈等信号,3个呈低信号。动态增强扫描后,病灶强化方式及特点如下:(1)全部病灶呈延迟强化;(2)动脉期4个病灶可见强化,其余无明显强化;(3)门静脉期和延迟期可见周边部环形强化(9/13,69.23%)、分隔样强化(6/13,46.15%)、中心或偏心性小结节状强化(2/13,15.38%)、全瘤不均质强化(1/13,7.69%);(4)延迟期病灶内存在无强化区(7/13,53.85%);(5)延迟期病灶缩小感(4/13,30.77%)。结论MRI动态增强扫描可反映IPL的血供特点及病理特征,对定性诊断与鉴别有较高的临床价值。     

颅内黑色素瘤的CT及MRI诊断

目的探讨颅内黑色素瘤的CT和MRI特征及病理和流行病学特点以提高诊断准确率,为临床治疗提供更多的信息。资料与方法搜集本院2002年1月至2011年4月经手术病理证实的12例黑色素瘤患者资料(男8例,年龄33～58岁,平均46岁;女4例,年龄38～53岁,平均48岁)。5例行CT平扫,9例行MRI平扫及增强检查,其中2例同时行CT平扫及MRI平扫加增强检查。结果原发颅内5例,转移7例。典型的黑色素瘤CT上多呈类圆形高密度病灶,MRI上呈短T1、短T2信号改变,液体衰减反转恢复(FLAIR)序列上多呈等或稍低信号,增强后有轻到中度强化。不典型黑色素瘤影像学表现多样,与其黑色素的含量及瘤内出血、囊变等情况密切相关。结论颅内黑色素瘤的CT及MRI表现具有特征性,综合分析能提高影像诊断准确率。