人Tenon囊成纤维细胞的体外培养及增殖能力研究

目的:离体培养人Tenon囊成纤维细胞(HTF)并观察细胞增殖能力。方法:取斜视患者手术切除Tenon囊组织进行成纤维细胞原代培养,培养的细胞通过免疫荧光染色法进行鉴定。CCK-8法描述细胞生长曲线,测定细胞活力。流式细胞术分析细胞周期,计算增殖指数。结果:通过组织块法成功培养出HTF。不同代次原代培养的HTF之间增殖能力无明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:HTF在体外易于培养,经过数次传代,增殖能力稳定,是进行Tenon囊抗纤维化研究的良好靶细胞。     

汉防己甲素对体外人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的抑制效应

目的:研究汉防己甲素(tetrandrine,Tet)对人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞(Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts,TCFs)的抑制效应。方法:用组织块和混合消化液培养法体外培养人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞,并对培养的传代细胞进行形态学的鉴定。采用MTT法检测不同浓度的汉防己甲素(10-4,10-5,10-6,10-7mol/L)及0.2g/L丝裂霉素(MMC)对人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的抑制作用。结果:人眼Tenon成纤维细胞体外生长良好,经光镜和免疫组化观察证明该细胞为成纤维细胞。MTT法证实,随着Tet药物浓度的增大,TCFs增生活性降低,对应的TCFs抑制率升高。结论:Tet对人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的增殖具有明显的抑制作用。     

Bevacizumab对人Tenon囊成纤维细胞迁移抑制作用的研究

目的：观察bevacizumab对人Tenon囊成纤维细胞迁移能力的影响,探讨青光眼术后滤过泡瘢痕化的对策。方法：采用从陕西省人民医院中心实验室细胞库中取出冻存的人Tenon囊成纤维细胞,采用细胞复苏法,遵循无菌原则,进行常规培养。创伤划痕试验：待细胞融合度达到80%时在单层细胞表面划出一条无细胞的刮除带,空白对照组加入不含血清的DMEM培养液,bevacizumab处理组加入 bevacizumab 浓度为1 mg/mL 不含血清的DMEM培养液,分时段(0,24,48,72h)观察并测量划痕宽度。结果：人Tenon囊成纤维传代细胞显微镜下观察呈长梭形,细胞核位于细胞的中部,核较大,胞浆丰富,生长时呈漩涡状排列走形,增殖能力强,符合成纤维细胞的一般形态。冻存和复苏后细胞的形态结构和生物学特点维持不变。细胞划痕试验显示：0h时,两组细胞划痕初始宽度相等;24 h 时两组细胞迁移距离基本一致;48 h 时bevacizumab处理组细胞迁移距离明显小于空白对照组;72 h时空白对照组划痕基本愈合, bevacizumab处理组细胞迁移距离较48 h无明显变化,且细胞死亡数目较多。结论：利用细胞复苏法可成功培养形态结构和生物学特性稳定的传代人Tenon囊成纤维细胞,为实验研究奠定细胞学基础。成纤维细胞本身具有较强的迁移能力,外源性bevacizumab作用可以明显抑制细胞的迁移,作用时间过长时,会造成细胞的过多死亡。抗新生血管药物对成纤维细胞的迁徙具有一定的抑制作用,未来很有可能成为眼科临床抗击青光眼术后滤过泡瘢痕化的重要手段。     

人眼小梁细胞体外培养,冻存与复苏

目的:建立人小梁细胞体外培养及对其进行冻存、复苏研究。方法:应用组织块培养方法进行人小梁细胞体外培养,将第3代的小梁细胞冻存,冻存1周、2周、1月、2月后细胞给予复苏,观察复苏后细胞的生长情况。结果:人眼小梁细胞体外培养成功。冻存的小梁细胞复苏成功,所有复苏率超过90％。结论:人眼小梁细胞体外培养及冻存复苏成功,为以后构建小梁细胞的cDNA文库,为筛选青光眼发病的相关基因提供有利的实验基础。眼科学报1998;14:73—75。     

汉防己甲素抑制人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的凋亡效应

目的研究汉防己甲素（Tet）抑制人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞（TCFs）的凋亡效应。方法用组织块混合消化液培养法体外培养人眼TCFs,并对培养的传代细胞进行形态学鉴定。通过透射电镜、TUNEL法和流式细胞仪观察Tet抑制人眼TCFs的凋亡作用。结果人眼TCFs体外生长良好。透射电镜下见Tet处理后的人眼TCFs细胞质固缩,呈现凋亡表现;TUNEL法可见Tet组出现大量的阳性凋亡细胞;流式细胞仪检测TCFs经Tet作用后G0／G1期细胞减少22．2％,S期细胞增加20．53％,G2／M期细胞增加1．6％,Tet抑制TCFs细胞周期于G,期,Tet组凋亡率明显高于对照组（P=0．000）。结论Tet可以诱导人眼TCFs发生凋亡,进而发挥其抑制增生的作用。     

人眼小梁细胞体外培养及传代实验

目的探索体外培养人眼小梁细胞的方法,为进一步研究原发性开角型青光眼的发病机理提供实验的依据。方法用器官培养及组织块培养两种方法,进行人眼小梁细胞的原代培养和传代实验,并同时对照培养人眼巩膜成纤维细胞,对二者从形态学上进行比较。结果（１）器官培养较单纯组织块培养更易获得原代小梁细胞;（２）传３～５代人眼小梁细胞处于最稳定阶段,可利用此阶段细胞进行多种体外实验。结论体外培养人眼小梁细胞可获得生长形态及特征稳定的小梁细胞。     

汉防己甲素诱导人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞的凋亡效应

目的 研究汉防己甲素(Tet)抑制人眼Tenon囊成纤维细胞(TCFs)的凋亡效应.方法 用组织块混合消化液培养法体外培养人眼TCFs,并对培养的传代细胞进行形态学鉴定.通过透射电镜、TUNEL法和流式细胞仪观察Tet抑制人眼TCFs的凋亡作用.结果 人眼TCFs体外生长良好.透射电镜下见Tet处理后的人眼TCFs细胞质固缩,呈现凋亡表现;TUNEL法可见Tet组出现大量的阳性凋亡细胞;流式细胞仪检测TCFs经Tet作用后G_0/G_1期细胞减少22.2%,S期细胞增加20.53%,G_2/M期细胞增加1.6%,Tet抑制TCFs细胞周期于G1期,Tet组凋亡率明显高于对照组(P=0.000).结论 Tet可以诱导人眼TCFs发生凋亡,进而发挥其抑制增生的作用.     

人眼虹膜色素上皮细胞体外培养、冻存与复苏

目的：建立人眼虹膜色素上皮细胞体外培养并对其进行冻存与复苏。方法：直接刮取虹膜色素上皮细胞组织碎屑进行培养,光镜观察生长特性及形态特点,透射电镜观察其超微结构。根据慢冻速融的细胞冻存原则,定期收集细胞进行液氮冻存,至少2个月后进行复苏。结果：人眼虹膜色素上皮细胞体外培养成功,原代细胞在光镜下呈多角形单层生长,胞浆内有丰富的色素颗粒;电镜下见胞浆富含色素、细胞器丰富、细胞膜有明显微绒毛、微丝、相监细胞之间可见桥粒连接。共冻存6批细胞,进行4次复苏实验均成功,每镒复苏细胞存活为90％。结论：人眼虹膜色素上皮细胞体外培养的建立及冻存、复苏的成功,为研究某些疾病提供有利的基础。     

结膜松弛症球结膜成纤维细胞的原代培养及形态学观察

目的:观察原代培养的结膜松弛症(CCH)球结膜成纤维细胞生长状况及形态变化,确定最佳传代时间以获得稳定、一致的CCH球结膜成纤维细胞。方法:采用组织块贴壁法获得CCH原代球结膜成纤维细胞,胰蛋白酶差速消化法进行成纤维细胞纯化,倒置显微镜下观察并记录不同时期成纤维细胞的生长状况及形态变化,免疫荧光细胞化学染色行成纤维细胞鉴定。结果:CCH结膜组织贴壁24h即可见少量细胞从组织块周围爬出,第2～7d为细胞生长对数期,细胞生长快、增殖旺盛,轮廓清晰,分布均匀,数目增多,细胞核清晰;第9～15d细胞生长进入平台期,组织块逐渐老化失去活性,细胞增长缓慢,排列疏松,体积变大,形状扁平,细胞浆内见大量颗粒状物质和小泡产生,部分细胞从培养瓶底脱落,细胞之间出现较大空隙。传代纯化后细胞的大小、形态基本一致,经鉴定为成纤维细胞,呈长梭形、扁平星状或多突的纺锤形,中间宽大,有卵圆形细胞核,两头相对细小,伴向外伸出2～3个长短不一的细长突起。结论:采用组织块贴壁法可成功获得原代CCH球结膜成纤维细胞,当细胞生长至第8d时行消化、传代可获得稳定、一致的CCH球结膜成纤维细胞。     

角膜缘上皮细胞体外培养、冻存和复苏的实验研究

目的 建立兔角膜缘上皮细胞体外培养、冻存和复苏的方法。方法 兔角膜缘上皮细胞组织块接种培养。取第三代细胞进行冻存。于冻存后第2周，3、6个月复苏细胞。用MTT法测细胞生长曲线。结果 兔角膜缘上皮细胞体外生长良好。培养细胞AE1单克隆抗体染色阳性，PAS染色阴性。冻存细胞复苏成功。冻存细胞复苏后生长曲线良好。结论 兔角膜缘上皮细胞可以在体外培养、冻存和复苏。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.