超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合青光眼小梁切除术临床分析

目的探讨超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术(超声乳化三联手术)的临床效果。方法对白内障青光眼患者34例(34只眼)行超声乳化三联手术。结果术后平均随访6个月,所有患者术后视力均有不同程度的提高;33只眼眼压均在正常范围,眼压控制率为97.06％,平均眼压为(13.30±2.30)mmHg,比术前平均眼压下降了9.15mmHg。所有术眼均形成功能性滤过泡。术后未发现严重并发症。结论超声乳化三联手术疗效持久、肯定。     

晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的 探讨晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的效果及安全性.方法 对青光眼合并白内障52例(52眼)患者行超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术,术后随访3个月,观察眼压、视力、滤过泡及并发症情况.结果 术后3个月,平均眼压为(14.38±4.37)mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg),较术前平均下降10.75mmHg;矫正视力≥0.5者28眼;功能性滤过泡41眼,非功能性滤过泡11眼.术中2眼后囊膜破裂,术后早期11眼角膜水肿、5眼浅前房,术后晚期4眼发生后发性白内障.结论 超声乳化白内障吸出人工晶状体植入联合隧道巩膜瓣下小梁切除术安全有效,视力恢复快,降压效果好,适用于青光眼合并白内障.     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的 报告小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的患眼术后效果.方法 收集青光眼合并白内障19例,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,观察术后眼压、视力、滤过泡和并发症.结果 术后眼压在14～18mmHg之间,平均为（15.26±1.20）mmHg,与术前眼压有显著性差异（P＜0.05）;术后视力较术前均有不同程度提高,术后视力＜0.05者6眼,0.05～0.3者8眼,＞0.3者5眼;术后滤过泡Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型17眼（89.47％）,为功能型滤过泡,2眼（10.53％）滤过泡不明显;未见严重并发症.结论 小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障是一种安全有效的方法.     

小切口非超声乳化白内障青光眼联合手术的临床疗效观察

目的探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术治疗白内障合并青光眼的临床疗效。方法对36眼白内障合并青光眼的患者,行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术,术后观察术眼视力、眼压、滤过泡、并发症等情况,术后随访6个月～1年。结果术后6个月随访时,32眼（88.89%）术后视力有不同程度的提高,其中术后视力大于0.3者为26眼（72.2%）。术后眼压：术后1周,25眼（69.4%）眼压低于21mmHg;术后6个月,31眼（86.1%）眼压低于21mmHg,仅有3眼（8.3%）眼压高于24mmHg,给予2%卡替洛尔滴眼液治疗,眼压都能控制在正常范围,患者无不适症状。术后有33眼（91.6%）形成弥散扁平的功能性滤过泡,其中I型滤过泡21眼,II型滤过泡12眼。术后有角膜水肿7眼,浅前房4眼,术中术后未见严重的并发症。结论小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术治疗白内障合并青光眼,不但能很好的控制眼压,迅速恢复视力,而且并发症少,该方法是一种安全、有效、经济实用的手术方法,值得临床应用。     

小切口白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入联合青光眼小梁切除术的临床疗效观察

目的观察改良小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗白内障合并青光眼的疗效。方法对39例(43只眼)白内障合并青光眼患者施行改良小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术,术后随访2个月至1年,观察视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症情况。结果视力>0.3者32只眼(74.4%),<20 mm Hg者40只眼(93%);3只眼术后眼压波动在24 mm Hg左右,用0.5%噻吗酰胺滴眼液后眼压控制在正常范围;功能型滤过泡(包括Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型)37只眼(86%)。无严重并发症。结论青光眼合并白内障采用联合手术能有效控制眼压,恢复视力快,并发症少,手术适应证广。     

抗青光眼滤过术后超声乳化白内障摘除术

目的：探讨抗青光眼滤过手术后进行表明角膜缘切口超声乳化白内障摘除手术的可行性。方法：对抗青光眼小梁切除术后白内障患者32例（32只眼）、采用颞侧透明角膜隧道切口进行超声乳化白内障摘除及囊袋内人工晶状体植入手术,同时对的小瞳孔进行扩张或采用括约肌切开。结果：白内障术后患者视力不同程度提高,视力≥0．5者占68．75％;眼压正常。结论：对抗青光眼滤过术后白内障患者进行颞侧透明角膜隧道切口超声乳化白内障摘除术,可提高视力,同时可维持原滤过功能。     

小切口白内障摘除及人工晶状体植人联合青光眼小梁切除术的临床疗效观察

目的 观察改良小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术(以下简称联合手术)治疗白内障合并青光眼的效果.方法 对68例(75只眼)白内障合并青光眼患者施行联合手术,术后随访3～9个月,观察视力、眼压、滤过泡及并发症情况.结果 视力>0.3者51例(56只眼)(74.60%),眼压<20 mm Hg者69例(72只眼)(96.00%);2例(3只眼)术后眼压波动在24 mm Hg左右,用0.5%噻吗酰胺滴眼液后眼压控制在正常范围;功能性滤过泡(包括Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型)60例(65只眼)(86.6%).无严重并发症发生.结论 青光眼合并白内障采用联合手术,不但能良好地控制眼压,迅速恢复视力,并且并发症少,手术适应证广.该手术不需要昂贵的超声乳化设备.简单易行容易掌握.     

三联术治疗慢性青光眼合并白内障的体会

目的：观察白内障摘除加人工晶体植入加小梁切除术（三联术）治疗慢性青光眼合并白内障的疗效。方法慢性青光眼合并白内障18例20眼,行白内障超声乳化或小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除加人工晶体植入加小梁切除术,术中做三角形巩膜瓣;球结膜瓣及巩膜瓣下用含丝裂霉素C(MMC 0.2mg/ml)棉片浸润5分钟,彻底冲洗;部分病人术毕前房内注入消毒空气泡,观察其视力、滤过泡、眼压及并发症等情况。结果18例20眼通过三联术治疗,视力提高、功能性滤过泡17眼,无明显滤过泡3眼,眼压均正常。其并发症主要是：早期浅前房、角膜水肿、前房反应、前房出血等。结论三联术治疗慢性青光眼合并白内障效果满意。     

青光眼术后白内障超声乳化吸出术的临床观察

目的　探讨抗青光眼滤过手术后白内障超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术的手术技巧及效果。方法　对行小梁切除术后白内障患者 82眼 ,采用经颞侧透明角膜切口行超声乳化吸出及折叠式人工晶状体植入术 ,术后随访 1～ 6月 ,平均 3月。结果　术后随访所有患者视力均较术前有所提高 ,其中视力≥ 0 5者 68眼占 82 93 % ,术后平均眼压为 (14 2 2± 2 5 1)mmHg(1mmHg =0 13 3kPa)。滤过泡无瘢痕化改变。结论　把握手术时机和适应证 ,具备娴熟的晶状体超声乳化手术技巧 ,经颞侧透明角膜切口行超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术 ,在抗青光眼滤过手术后白内障的治疗上能取得良好的效果。     

小梁切除术后白内障超声乳化手术分析

目的:探讨分析抗青光眼小梁切除术后白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的手术方法、技巧及效果分析。方法:我院2007-01/2010-12对87例87眼抗青光眼小梁切除术后发生白内障的病例行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,随访6mo,分析术后视力、眼压、并发症等情况。结果:术后随访6mo,87眼术后视力均有不同程度的提高,其中78眼（90％）视力≥0.3;术后眼压均较术前下降;术后并发症主要有角膜水肿（15眼,17％）、虹膜反应（11眼,13％）、前房出血（5眼,6％）、后囊膜混浊（10眼,11％）。结论:对抗青光眼小梁切除术后出现的白内障,行透明角膜切口的白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术可显著提高视力,保持滤过泡和眼压的稳定,恢复眼前节的组织结构。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.