环状软骨上喉部分切除术的探讨

目的　通过对 18例喉癌患者的手术治疗 ,就环状软骨上喉部分切除术的有关问题进行探讨。方法　声门癌T1N0 M0 1例 ,T2 N0 M0 9例 ,T3N0 M0 2例 ,跨声门癌T3N1M0 3例 ,T3N2 M0 1例 ,T2 N0 M0 放射治疗后复发 1例 ,声门下癌T4N0 M0 1例 ;应用三种不同的环状软骨上喉部分切除术技术进行治疗。结果　 3年生存率 94 .4 %。所有患者均于术后第 7～ 4 2天 (平均 17天 )拔除气管套管 ,拔管率 10 0 % ;所有患者均在术后第 14～ 3 0天 (平均 2 2天 )拔除鼻饲管。术后所有患者均完全恢复了喉的发声、呼吸、吞咽及维持声门下压的生理功能。术后的发音情况也令人满意。结论　环状软骨上喉部分切除术打破了以往根据喉癌肿瘤临床分期决定喉部分切除与否的传统观点 ,为喉癌的手术治疗提出了一条新的术式。它在保证完整、安全有效地切除喉肿瘤病灶的同时 ,更加考虑到患者术后的功能及生存质量的改善 ,同时又能达到喉全切除术同样的局部控制率 ,值得推广应用     

环状软骨上喉部分切除术斩探讨

目的 通过对１８例喉癌患者的手术治疗,就环状软骨上喉部分切除术的有关问题进行探讨。方法 声门癌Ｔ１ＮｏＭｏ１例,Ｔ２ＮｏＭｏ９例,Ｔ３ＮｏＭｏ２例,跨声门癌Ｔ３Ｎ１Ｍｏ３例,Ｔ３Ｎ２Ｍｏ１例,Ｔ２ＮｏＭｏ放射治疗后复发１例,声门下癌Ｔ４ＮｏＭｏ１例;应用三种不同的环状软骨上喉部分切除术技术进行治疗。结果 ３年生存率９４．４％。所有患者均于术后第７￣４２天（平均１７天）拨除气管套管,拨管率１００％;     

喉环状软骨上部分切除术治疗喉声门上型癌

目的总结喉环状软骨上部分切除术治疗喉声门上型癌的疗效。方法对32例接受喉环状软骨上部分切除术(环状软骨舌骨固定术)治疗的喉声门上型癌病例进行随访和回顾性分析。结果本组T2、T3病例的3年生存率分别为85.7%(18/21)和66.6%(2/3),T2、T3病例的5年生存率分别为83.3%(5/6)和50%(1/2);所有患者术后都能发音,发音比较粗或沙哑,但能听懂;所有患者术后都有不同程度的误咽,经过练习96.8%的患者误咽克服,1例患者(3%)因术后始终无法克服误咽,改为喉全切除术;拔管率为100%。结论喉环状软骨上部分切除术手术操作简便,术后肿瘤学结果和功能结果满意,是治疗侵犯一侧或两侧声带的喉声门上型癌的有效术式。     

环状软骨上喉部分切除术的研究进展

自1873年Billroth完成首例全喉切除术以来,手术一直是治疗喉癌的主要手段。但全喉切除术切除了整个喉部,未能保存喉的发声和呼吸功能,患者不能发声交流,需靠颈前气管造瘘口呼吸,生存质量差。随着喉癌外科学的发展,手术操作范围合理缩小,力求保存患者机体功能,保留或重建喉功能的喉部分切除术已成为喉癌外科的主导术式,其总的原则是在根治性切除肿瘤的前提下尽量保留或重建喉的发声功能,以提高患者的生存质量。     

环状软骨上喉部分切除术的疗效分析

目的:分析环状软骨上喉部分切除术(SCPL)的疗效、功能,为SCPL的应用提供临床经验。方法:回顾性分析1996-01-2004-12期间在中山大学第二附属医院耳鼻咽喉科收治的经病理确诊且随访资料完整的行SCPL术的115例喉癌患者,应用Kaplan-Meier法研究喉癌患者的生存结果。评估患者术后呼吸、吞咽、发声功能。结果:5年生存率为80.8%,拔管率为99.1%,平均拔管时间22.25d,平均拔胃管时间9.57d。环状软膏-舌骨-会厌固定术喉功能恢复优于环状软骨-舌骨固定术,所有患者术后发声功能均符合日常生活需要。结论:环状软骨上喉部分切除术取得相当好的肿瘤学及功能学结果,是一种安全有效的手术方式,值得推广应用。     

喉水平垂直部分切除术治疗晚期喉癌

目的 评价喉水平垂直部分切除术治疗晚期（Ｔ３,Ｔ４）喉癌的效果。方法 回顾性分析１９８４～１９９４年采用该术式治疗的５７例Ｔ３,Ｔ４病例的生存率和喉功能保留情况。结果 本组病例３年自下而上率为７０％（４０／５７）,５年生存率为６４％（３２／５０）。本组患者均保留了发音功能,需带管呼吸者４例,拔管率为９３％（５３／５７）,,经过鼻饲和使用带气囊气管套管锻炼,患者均可经口进食。清楚死亡原因的病例共１５     

喉声门上水平部分切除术的术式改良

目的探讨喉声门上水平部分切除术的手术方法改良及远期疗效。方法回顾并分析了我科1983～2001年喉声门上型癌172例,男149例,女23例。进行喉声门上水平部分切除后不将喉上提,不做残喉与舌骨或舌根的吻合。结果气管套管拔除率为92．4％,吞咽功能142例在2～4周内恢复,发音功能良好。3年存活率为82．6％;5年存活率为75．7％。结论喉肿瘤切除后,改变缝合方法,不仅操作简单,又能保留良好的生理功能。     

环状软骨上喉部分切除术

近年来我们开展了环状软骨上喉部分切除术，手术疗效较好，现将我们手术经验报道如下。     

保留部分环状软骨环的喉全切除术

目的研究喉癌及下咽癌手术中保留部分环状软骨环对患者的影响。方法回顾性分析32例中晚期喉癌、下咽癌患者,术中采取于环状软骨弓中部水平裂开,只保留部分环状软骨环的喉全切除术,保留的部分环状软骨环与气管一起与颈前造瘘,术后患者不佩戴全喉套管,观察患者咳嗽反射、气道分泌物、造瘘口变化及出院后有无造瘘口狭窄及造瘘口复发情况。结果 32例患者术后均咳嗽反应及气道分泌物明显减少,造瘘口周围红肿较轻。术后随访12~60个月,造瘘口无明显狭窄,无造瘘口肿瘤复发。结论中晚期喉癌及下咽癌患者保留部分环状软骨环的喉全切除术,可避免术后佩戴全喉套管,减少刺激性咳嗽,减轻局部炎症反应,更有利于气道分泌物的排出,缩短患者术后恢复时间,预防气管造瘘口狭窄。     

喉环上部分切除术与传统部分喉手术疗效的对比研究

目的:比较喉环上软骨上部分切除术(简称喉环上部分切除)与传统部分喉术式在喉鳞癌治疗中的效果.方法:回顾性分析1992-2007年本院收治的声门及声门上型喉鳞癌初治患者,采用病例对照研究方法分析,按部位相同、TNM分期相同、年龄相差≤10岁1∶1配对.研究组为喉环上部分切除术患者,共57例,其中T2N0 22例,T2N1 2例,T3N0 16例,T3N1 4例,T3N2 8例,T4N0 1例,T4N1 1例,T4N2 3例;对照组为传统部分喉术式组,共57例.比较两组生存率、局部复发率和拔管率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结果:喉环上部分切除术组3年及5年累积生存率为90%、87%,对照组为97%、92%(P>0.05),喉环上部分切除术组原发灶局部控制率为94.2%(49/52),对照组为91%(50/55)(P>0.05);喉环上部分切除术组拔管率为98%(51/52),对照组为89.5%(51/57)(P>0.05),其中对照组水平垂直喉拔管率只有为75%(15/20),明显低于喉环上部分切除术组(P<0.01).结论:与传统部分喉术式相比,喉环上部分切除术式的气管套管拔管率较高,是喉癌手术治疗的重要术式.     

环上部分喉切除在声门型喉癌治疗中的疗效观察

目的：探讨环上部分喉切除对声门型喉癌患者治疗以及功能保全意义。方法回顾分析我科2008年～2013年接受环上部分喉切除的14例声门型喉癌患者的治疗结果。其中9例接受环舌会厌吻合,5例接受环舌吻合。结果随访1～5年,无失访,无死亡病例,局部控制率100%。术后拔管率100%。结论环上部分喉切除术是对声门型喉癌喉功能保全有积极意义治疗。     

Functional Analysis After Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy With Cricohyoidoepiglottopexy

Objectives To assess prospectively speech and swallowing function in a series of 17 patients after supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. Study Design Retrospective study. Methods From 1983 to 1996, 69 patients at Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, CHUV (Lausanne, Switzerland) underwent a supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. Seventeen of them (25%) could be contacted and accepted participation in a functional evaluation that included a questionnaire to document their present nutritional status and diet. A formal voice evaluation was also performed, which included psychoacoustic evaluation of vocal qualities, fundamental frequency parameters, phonation intensity range, phonatory quotient (vital capacity divided by maximum phonation time), and a laryngeal video laryngoscopy performed with a rigid endoscope. Results Median postoperative follow‐up was 66 months (range, 12–152 mo). Nine of 17 patients (53%) recovered a normal diet with no increased incidence of aspirations. Seven of 17 had minor limitations such as no peanuts, dry bread, or rice. Two of 17 patients were restricted to pureed food. Assessment of voice showed a clearly decreased mean fundamental frequency at 70.1 Hz (normal range, 121–211 Hz) and a narrowed frequency range of phonation with a mean value of 8.8 semitones (normal value, 27). Forty‐two percent of the patients went back to their normal professional life after the operation. Among the 10 who did not, 3 (16%) retired and 7 actually had to give up their profession, because of the modification of their voice or general asthenia and age close to retirement. Conclusion Restoration of laryngeal function after supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy is satisfactory. Although most of the patients seem to recover normal swallowing function, severe voice alterations appear to be inevitable.     

Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy After Failed Laryngeal Radiation Therapy

Twelve patients managed with supracricoid partial laryngectomies(SCPLs) after failed laryngeal radiation therapy (RT) were evaluated. None of the recurrent tumors were amenable to vertical or horizontal partial laryngectomy. Results were analyzed for tracheostomy decannulation, oral alimentation, morbidity, local control, and survival. Major complications included perichondritis (2 patients), laryngeal stenosis (2 patients), and pneumonia from aspiration (1 patient). Mucocutaneous fistula and cricoarytenoid joint ankylosis were not encountered. Margins of resection were uninvolved in all cases. The Kaplan-Meier 3-year actuarial survival and local control estimate was 83.3%. Salvage total laryngectomy allowed for an overall 100% local control rate and a 75% laryngeal preservation rate. This preliminary report suggests that, in patients with failed laryngeal RT not amenable to vertical or horizontal partial laryngectomy, the SCPL procedures should be discussed before advocating salvage total laryngectomy. Further series analyzing the role and limitations of the various SCPL procedures after failed laryngeal RT are warranted.     

Local Failure After Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy: Symptoms,Management, and Outcome

The medical files of 15 patients with local recurrence after supracricoid partial laryngectomy consecutively managed at Laënnec Hospital were reviewed. The clinical symptoms and the laryngeal computed tomography appearance of local recurrence, as well as the salvage treatment performed, are presented. The main presenting symptom was dyspnea. None of the local recurrences was considered to be unresectable. One patient refused any form of salvage treatment. Radiation therapy and salvage total laryngectomy were the options retained for local salvage. A minimum 5-year follow-up was always achieved. In patients who underwent salvage total laryngectomy, perioperative or postoperative death and postoperative pharyngocutaneous fistula were not encountered. The 5-year survival was 33.3%. The local control rate was 66.6%. The percentage of patients who experienced nodal recurrence was 26.6%, and the distant metastasis estimate was 53.3%. The cause of death was distant metastasis in eight patients, local recurrence in two, and intercurrent disease in one. Peristomal recurrence was not encountered. Overall, 80% local control and 6.6% laryngeal preservation rates were achieved.     

Relationship Between Preepiglottic Space Invasion and Lymphatic Metastasis in Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy With Cricohyoidopexy

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the role of preepiglottic space (PES) invasion in lymph node metastasis and prognosis in patients undergoing supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) with cricohyoidopexy (CHP).

Methods

A retrospective review of 42 previously untreated patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that underwent surgery was performed. The mean age of the subjects was 61.3 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 38:4. Regarding their pathological stages, there were 3, 8, 22, and 9 cases of stage T1 to T4, respectively. Concerning the disease stage of the cervical lymph nodes, there were 30, 5, 6, and 1 cases with N0 to N3, respectively.

Results

The PES invasion rate was 23.8% (10/42). Significant correlations were found between PES invasion and cervical lymph node metastasis (P=0.002). Seven of the 10 patients (70.0%) with PES invasion had cervical lymph node metastasis, whereas only 5 of the 32 patients (15.6%) without any evidence of PES invasion had lymph node metastasis. There was also a significant correlation of PES invasion with age (P=0.002) and T stage (P=0.030). However, there was no significant relationship between gender, primary tumor site, anterior commissure invasion, subglottic extension, paraglottic space invasion and PES invasion. There was a 5-year disease-specific survival of 70%. PES invasion served as a statistically significant prognostic factor for disease-specific survival (P=0.004). Cervical nodal metastasis (P=0.003) and subglottic extension (P=0.01) were also statistically significant prognostic factors associated with disease-specific survival.

Conclusion

The PES invasion was significantly related to the cervical lymph node metastasis and prognosis in patients undergoing SCPL with CHP.     

Comparison and Evolution of Perceptual and Acoustic Characteristics of Voice after Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy with Cricohyoidoepiglottopexy

The present prospective study, based on a series of 12 male patients managed with supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy (SCPL-CHEP), was designed i) to compare the perceptual and acoustic parameters before surgery and at 6 months after sugery, ii) to evaluate the evolution of the perceptual and acoustic parameters between 6 and 18 months postoperatively, and iii) to determine the correlations between the perceptual and acoustic parameters preoperatively and at 18 months postoperatively. The roughness was found to be significantly worsened after SCPL-CHEP. The jitter, shimmer, noise-to-harmonic ratio, and degree of voiceless increased significantly after SCPL-CHEP. Neither acoustic nor perceptual parameters varied significantly between 6 and 18 months postoperatively. Preoperatively, a strong statistical correlation was found between grade, roughness and strain and all acoustic parameters but F0. Breathiness was statistically correlated with all acoustic parameters but jitter. Postoperatively the only statistical correlation noted was between roughness and F0.     

Supracricoid Laryngectomy With Cricohyoidopexy (CHP) in the Treatment of Laryngeal Cancer: A Functional and Oncologic Experience

Subtotal laryngectomy with cricohyoidopexy (CHP) results in a satisfactory cure rate in selected T1b, T2, and T3 supraglottic and glottic cancers. The clinical, oncologic, and functional results of this type of surgery have led to an ever-increasing number of patients undergoing this procedure. This study involved 70 patients operated on from 1984 to 1993 using this surgical procedure. This report also discusses the clinical (cTNM) and pathologic (pTNM) classifications of CHP cases. Fifty-two of these patients were evaluated after a follow-up of more than 3 years. Lymph node treatment protocol comprised 51 functional ipsilateral neck dissections (FNDs), 9 bilateral FNDs, 1 radical ipsilateral dissection, and 1 radical ipsilateral and contralateral FND. There were 6 recurrences (5 local, 1 neck); after CHP physiologic deglutition was recovered in most of the patients (95.5%), and all but 6 (92%) were decannulated. Results were excellent after phoniatric rehabilitation. This surgical procedure may be indicated for selected laryngeal cancers and allows for the preservation of laryngeal functions even when the neoplastic lesions are advanced. However, care must be taken when evaluating the infiltration of the paraglottic space, as that infiltration represents the main cause of failure in this type of surgery.     

Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomies in the Elderly

A review of the postoperative course, complications, and functional outcome of 69 elderly patients (older than 65 years of age) consecutively managed with a supracricoid partial laryngectomy between 1977 and 1993 is presented. The tumors were glottic and supraglottic in origin in 53 and 16 patients, respectively. A cricohyoidoepiglottopexy, a tracheo-cricohyoidoepiglottopexy, and a cricohyoidopexy were performed in 48, five, and 16 patients, respectively. Immediate laryngeal, cervical, and medical complications were noted in 5.8%, 10.2%, and 10.2% of patients, respectively. Supracricoid partial laryngectomies never resulted in perioperative or postoperative death. The 5-year actuarial survival and local control estimates were 68%, and 93.9%, respectively. Late surgical complications included laryngocele, laryngeal stenosis, and pneumonia from aspiration-related death in 4.3%, 4.3%, and 1.4% of patients, respectively. Completion total laryngectomy, permanent gastrostomy, and permanent tracheostomy were requested in 1.4%, 1.4%, and 2.9% of patients, respectively. Overall a 92.8% laryngeal preservation rate was achieved. Univariate analysis of the potential correlation of different factors with the mortality incidence and causes, the incidence and type of the various complications, and the incidence for postoperative aspiration is presented.