前房维持器在合并外伤性白内障的眼内异物伤玻璃体手术中的应用

目的评价前房维持器灌注在对选择的病例行外伤性白内障摘出联合眼内异物摘出的玻璃体手术中的应用效果。方法36例（36眼）眼球穿孔伤合并白内障及眼内异物,排除术前已诊断合并视网膜脱离、外伤性眼内炎者。白内障摘出术中在前房维持器液体灌注下行白内障皮质清除,然后继续应用前房维持器行眼内液体灌注,联合20G玻璃体手术摘出眼后段异物,人工晶状体植入。术中始终应用前房维持器行眼内液体灌注。结果36例眼内异物均成功摘出。术后视力提高者36例,其中视力达0．1以上者34例（94％）。无大泡性角膜病变发生。1例视网膜脱离,经巩膜扣带术视网膜复位。结论经前房维持器灌注可代替经巩膜切口灌注应用于外伤性白内障摘出联合眼内异物摘出的玻璃体手术中,提供了另一种眼内液体灌注方式,可减少并发症。     

Primary cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in penetrating ocular trauma

PURPOSE: To analyze the postoperative outcome and complication rate after cataract extraction or lensectomy with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for penetrating traumatic cataract. DESIGN: Retrospective, nonconsecutive, noncomparative case series. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the files of 21 patients who were admitted to our departments because of traumatic cataract with corneal or scleral laceration caused by penetrating trauma with or without intraocular foreign body (IOFB) from 1992 through 1997. Lens aspiration or manual extracapsular cataract extraction with primary IOL implantation was performed in all patients. Removal of an IOFB was performed in eight patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Final visual acuity and deviation of actual refraction from emmetropia and from expected postoperative refraction. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 20.4 months. Fourteen eyes (67%) achieved final visual acuity of 20/40 or better, 95% obtained 20/60 or better final visual acuity, and all eyes achieved 20/100 or better final visual acuity. Major causes of limited visual acuity were central corneal scar and central retinal injury. Eleven eyes (57%) experienced secondary cataract and underwent neodymium:yytrium-aluminum-garnet capsulotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Primary implantation of posterior chamber lenses after penetrating ocular trauma is associated with favorable visual outcome and a low rate of postoperative complications.     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入术影响视力因素分析

目的　分析超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入影响视力因素。方法　对 196例 2 19眼白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术影响视力因素进行分析。结果　术后 1月 ,矫正视力 :<0 .5者 5 6眼 (2 5 6% ) ,0 .5～ 0 .9者 94眼 (4 2 .9% ) ,≥ 1 0者69眼 (3 1 5 % )。影响视力的主要因素 :术后并发症如角膜水肿及失代偿、后囊浑浊、葡萄膜炎、人工晶状体偏位及术前合并眼病。结论　白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术中减少术中术后并发症 ,可提高术后视力     

Combined lens and vitreoretinal surgery in patients with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign body

AIM: To analyze the postoperative anatomical and functional outcomes as well as complications after combined phacoemul- sification, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), removal of the intraocular foreign body (IOFB) and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in patients with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign body. METHODS: Medical records of 13 patients(13 eyes) with traumatic cataract and IOFB who had undergone combined phacoemulsification, PPV, foreign body extraction and IOL implantation were retrospectively analyzed. The postoperative follow-up ranged from 2 to 12 months. The main measure- ments of outcomes were the extraction success of cataract and intraocular foreign body, intraoperative and postoperative complications and the final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). ·RESULTS: The mean age of 13 patients(10 male, 3 female )was 36.8 years (range: 17-65 years). All eight IOFBs were removed. Four intraocular lenses were implanted after vitrectomy intraoperatively. In 5 cases, intraocular lenses were implanted during the second operation. Intraocular lenses were not implanted in 4 cases. BCVA at last ranged from 0.8 to hand movement. BCVA was 0.5 or better in four eyes, 0.1 to 0.4 in five eyes, less than 0.1 in four eyes. Intraoperative complications were encountered in 3 patients. They had vitreous hemorrhage. Postoperative complications were encounter- ed in 2 patients. They had retinal detachment. The reoperations of the two patients were successful. CONCLUSION: The combined phacoemulsification, PPV, removal of IOFB and IOL implantation is safe and effective for patients with traumatic cataract and intraocular foreign body. The visual outcome depended primarily on the corneal or scleral wound and underlying posterior segment pathology and sites.     

玻璃体切割联合手术治疗严重眼外伤的临床观察

目的：探讨玻璃体切割联合手术治疗严重眼外伤的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析我院自2011-01以来收治的经玻璃体切割联合手术治疗的严重眼外伤患者30例31眼。结果：患者31眼中术后视力提高24眼,术前无光感12眼中术后视力不变2眼,光感2眼,手动3眼,指数4眼,1眼恢复为0.1;6眼球内异物的异物取出率为100%,炎症控制好;18眼复杂视网膜脱离,15眼成功复位,视网膜复位率为83%;14眼外伤性白内障或晶状体脱位,玻璃体手术后12眼行人工晶状体植入术,晶状体植入率为86%。结论：严重眼外伤包括术前无光感眼,经过恰当的玻璃体手术联合相应的治疗措施,可以最大限度保留患者的眼球及挽救患者的视功能。     

655例白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的探讨超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术对老年性白内障患者的手术治疗效果。方法对655例(655眼)老年性白内障患者行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术,观察术后裸眼视力恢复情况及术后并发症。结果患者术后1d裸眼视力≥0.5者256眼占39.08%,术后3天复查裸眼视力≥0.5者419眼占63.97%。655例患者裸眼视力均有不同程度提高,手术后主要并发症为角膜水肿,无其他严重并发症。结论超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术是治疗老年性白内障的有效手术方法,疗效确切,手术中规范操作可减少术后并发症的发生。     

外伤性白内障眼内异物晶状体玻璃体联合手术(英文)

目的:分析超声乳化玻璃体切除眼内异物取出人工晶状体植入联合术治疗外伤性白内障眼内异物的疗效。方法:回顾分析13例(13眼)眼球穿通伤外伤性白内障眼内异物患者行超声乳化玻璃体切除眼内异物取出人工晶状体植入联合术的术中,术后并发症及术后最佳矫正视力。术后随访2~12mo。结果:13例患者(男10例,女3例)平均年龄36.8(17~65)岁。所有患者眼内异物均取出。4例术中于玻璃体切除眼内异物取出后植入人工晶状体,5例于联合术后二期植入人工晶状体,4例患者未植入人工晶状体。术后最佳矫正视力为手动~0.8.最佳矫正视力0.5以上者4眼,0·1~0.4者5眼,0.1以下者4眼。术中发生玻璃体出血3例,术后发生视网膜脱离2例,二次手术视网膜复位。结论:超声乳化玻璃体切除人工晶体植入联合术治疗白内障眼内异物伤是安全有效的方法。患者术后的视功能取决于角膜、巩膜和视网膜损伤部位及病变程度。     

人工晶状体取出适应证及技术的临床分析

目的：分析人工晶状体取出的适应证及手术方法。方法：对30例30只眼人工晶状体取出病例进行回顾性分析。其中20例为外伤性白内障；7例为老年性白内障，1例为高度近视，视网膜脱离术后并发白内障，1例Fuch‘s综合征并发白内障，1例为先天性白内障，结果：人工晶状体取出的原因为人工晶状体脱位，人工晶状体夹持，牵引性视网膜脱离，大泡性角膜病变，顽固性角素膜炎，继发青光眼等。主要采用虹膜粘连分开，瞳孔成形，人工晶状体重新固定或更换，人工晶状体取出联合玻璃体切除。玻璃体多膜联合手术，睫状体光凝术等，术后无严重并发症，结论：对人工晶状体植入术后的某些严重并发症，取出人工晶状体可在一定程度挽救视功能。     

高度近视白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术27例

目的:探讨高度近视眼合并白内障行超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术治疗的临床疗效。方法:27例(37眼)因白内障合并高度近视行超声乳化白内障吸除+人工晶状体植入术。记录术前眼轴长度和术后视力,屈光度数,观察手术并发症术后眼部情况。术后随访时间为6～24mo。结果:术前平均眼轴长度为28.3mm。术后最佳矫正视力≥0.2共35眼(95%),≥0.5者共33眼(89%)。术中无后囊膜破裂;术后角膜水肿2眼,术后一过性高眼压1眼,后发性白内障2眼;术后发现黄斑变性和眼底出血共4例,无视网膜和脉络膜脱离者。结论:超声乳化白内障吸除低度数折叠式人工晶状体植入术是治疗白内障合并高度近视眼安全、有效的方法。     

Primary intraocular lens implantation in infants: complications and visual results

PURPOSE: To evaluate the complications and visual results in a consecutive series of patients having cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in the first year of life. SETTING: St. Erik's Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 28 children (31 eyes) who had cataract surgery with primary IOL implantation. RESULTS: The median age at surgery was 2.5 months (range 8 days to 10 months). The median follow-up was 36 months. Two newborns with persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) who had surgery at 8 days and 17 days, respectively, developed intraoperative vitreous hemorrhage; a retinal detachment developed in 1 of the eyes. Intraocular lens luxation occurred in 2 infants with PFV. Seventy percent of eyes developed opacification of the visual axis that required additional surgery. Chronic glaucoma developed in 2 eyes and transitory glaucoma in 1 eye. Two of the glaucoma cases occurred in eyes with PFV. In 7 eyes of 4 infants with bilateral cataract, the median visual acuity was 20/63 (range 20/25 to 20/100). In 12 infants with unilateral cataract without PFV, 7 achieved a visual acuity between 20/32 and 20/200 (median 20/63), 4 achieved counting fingers (CF), and 1 achieved light perception. In 12 eyes with PFV, 2 achieved a visual acuity of 20/200 and the rest achieved CF or worse. CONCLUSIONS: After-cataract with membrane formation was the main complication in infants with primary IOL implantation. The glaucoma incidence was low at the last follow-up.     

小切口白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术临床效果

目的探讨小切口非超声乳化无缝线白内障摘出人工品状体植入的优点及应用。方法对1089例实行小切口非超声乳化术,观察术中,术后并发症及术后视力恢复情况,结果术中虹膜脱出20眼,虹膜撕裂及根部断离6眼,术后角膜水肿12眼,继发高眼压5眼,前房积血6眼、术后视力≥1．0者156眼,i〉0．5者405眼,≥0．3者326眼,〈0．3者202眼。结论小切口非超声乳化无缝线白内障摘出人工晶状体植入并发症少,术后视力恢复快,适宜在基层医院开展。     

手法碎核小切口高度近视眼白内障摘除术

目的:探索在基层医院应用手法碎核小切口摘除高度近视眼白内障联合人工晶状体植入手术的效果。方法:观察高度近视眼94眼白内障手法小切口摘除及人工晶状体植入术的安全性、并发症和术后视力结果。结果:术后随访12mo最佳矫正视力大于0.5者77眼(82%),低于0.5者17眼(18%),并发症包括后囊破裂8眼,角膜水肿19眼,黄斑囊性水肿3眼。结论:高度近视眼手法小切口白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术是安全有效的。     

儿童先天性白内障摘除和人工晶体植入

目的 评价儿童白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术后的临床疗效。方法 对64例（104只眼）1．5-14岁儿童先天性白内障患儿行白内障囊外摘除联合局限性前段玻璃体切除和人工晶体垂袋内植入术。对术后平均随访22个月的并发症、视力变化等进行分析。结果 术后脱盲率为86．4％．脱残率为62．7％。41．8％的眼获得了双眼视，30．6％的患儿有立体视。3只眼发生后发性白内障．5只眼有一定程度的人工晶体夹持。结论 白内障摘除联合前段玻璃体切除和人工晶体植入治疗儿童白内障，术中和术后并发症少，绝大多数患儿术后视力能够显著提高并建立了良好的视功能。影响术后视功能的因素应进一步研究。     

Outcome of simultaneous phakic implantable contact lens removal with cataract extraction and pseudophakic intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To assess the outcome of simultaneous implantable contact lens (ICL) removal and cataract extraction with pseudophakic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. SETTING: CODET Aris Vision Institute, Tijuana, Mexico. METHODS: This retrospective noncomparative interventional case series evaluated 14 eyes of 12 patients with ICL implantations who developed a cataract and simultaneously had ICL removal and cataract extraction with IOL implantation. The follow-up time was at least 6 months (range 6 to 24 months). Visual acuity (logMAR), manifest refraction, intraocular pressure, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: Of the 12 patients (14 eyes), 10 patients (12 eyes) had ICL surgery to correct high myopia and 2 patients (2 eyes), to correct hyperopia. The mean uncorrected visual acuity after ICL implantation (before cataract development), before cataract surgery, and after cataract surgery were 0.48 +/- 0.32, 0.83 +/- 0.34, and 0.40 +/- 0.27, respectively. The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before ICL implantation, after ICL implantation, and after cataract surgery were 0.31 +/- 0.21, 0.28 +/- 0.19, and 0.27 +/- 0.21, respectively. The mean final manifest spherical equivalent was 0.30 diopters (D) +/- 1.07 (SD) (range +2.38 to 2.0 D). Ten eyes (71.4%) were within +/-1.0 D of the calculated target. One eye had a tear in the posterior capsule with vitreous loss during cataract surgery. No other intraoperative, perioperative, or postoperative complications were observed. No loss of BCVA was recorded at the last postoperative visit. CONCLUSIONS: Lens opacities and cataract formation are a potential complication of ICL surgery. The removal of the ICL and the cataract with IOL implantation was found to be safe, with predictable refractive results.     

儿童外伤性白内障摘出人工晶状体植入并发症

目的　探讨儿童外伤性白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术的并发症及其治疗。方法　对62例(62眼)儿童外伤性白内障行白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术,对术中、术后并发症及处理方法进行分析。结果　术后视力比术前提高者5 7眼,随访42眼,视力提高者3 5眼,术中主要并发症为前房积血,后囊破裂及玻璃体溢出。术后主要并发症为前葡萄膜炎、后囊浑浊、人工晶状体偏移及其表面色素颗粒沉积等。结论　外伤性白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术是治疗儿童外伤性白内障的有效方法,其并发症比成人严重。但如处理适当仍然可以达到较好效果。     

Combined phacoemulsification, vitrectomy, foreign-body extraction, and intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To assess the outcome of simultaneous phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy, intraocular foreign-body extraction, and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. SETTING: SSK Ankara Eye Hospital, Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Ankara, Turkey. METHODS: Seventeen patients with corneal perforation, intraocular foreign body, vitreous hemorrhage, and lens opacity had simultaneous clear corneal phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy, intraocular foreign-body extraction, and IOL implantation. RESULTS: Postoperative complications included massive retinal fibrosis in 2 patients, retinal detachment in 1, and cilioretinal artery occlusion in 1. At a mean follow-up of 15.2 months, best corrected visual acuity improved in the remaining 13 eyes (76%). The IOL was stable in all cases. CONCLUSION: Combined phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and vitreoretinal surgery was safe in selected cases of penetrating ocular trauma resulting from an intraocular foreign body.     

Primary implantation of posterior chamber lenses after traumatic cataract peneration

PURPOSE: To analyze the postoperative outcome and complication rate after phacoemulsification, lens aspiration or lensectomy with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after traumatic cataract penetration. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 15 patients who were admitted to our hospital from 1997 to 2001 because of traumatic cataract with corneal laceration with and without intraocular foreign body (IOFB). In all patients phacoemulsification, lens aspiration or lensectomy and primary IOL implantation were performed. Removal of IOFB was performed in 6 patients. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 19.6 months, 8 eyes (53%) achieved a final visual acuity of 20/40 or better and 12 eyes achieved 20/100 or better final visual acuity. One patient (final visual acuity=1/40) had an additional macular pathology. Due to irregular astigmatism two patients achieved a final vision of less than 20/100. Major causes of limited visual acuity were central corneal scars and in one patient a photopic maculopathy. Four eyes (25%) developed secondary cataract and underwent YAG laser capsulotomy. In one patient PVR retinal detachment had to be treated by pars-plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. CONCLUSIONS: Primary implantation of posterior chamber lenses after penetrating ocular trauma is associated with a favourable visual outcome and a low rate of postoperative complications.     

Outcome of combined phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation and viscocanalostomy

PURPOSE: To assess the pressure-lowering effect, visual acuity, and intra- and postoperative complications of combined cataract surgery, intraocular lens(IOL) implantation and viscocanalostomy. METHODS: Combined viscocanalostomy, phacoemulsification, and IOL implantation was performed on 45 eyes, which were followed for more than 6 months after surgery. The average preoperative intraocular pressure(IOP) was 20.2 +/- 3.1(mean +/- standard deviation) mmHg, and the average medication number was 1.7. A prospective study of these cases was performed. RESULTS: IOP was significantly reduced after surgery, being 13.6 mmHg at 3 months and 15.1 mmHg at 6 months postoperatively. The visual acuity was improved more than 2 lines in 38 eyes. Disruption of Descemet's membrane was noted in 5 eyes and microperforation in 9 eyes as intraoperative complications. Postoperative complications were not vision threatening and included short term hyphema in 34 eyes, fibrin deposition in 5 eyes and IOP spike(> 5 mmHg) in 5 eyes. There were no cases of hypotony, choroidal detachment, or endophthalmitis. CONCLUSION: Combined viscocanalostomy, cataract extraction, and IOL implantation was a safe and efficacious way to reduce IOP.     

葡萄膜炎并发白内障手法小切口手术临床疗效

目的 探讨手法小切口白内障手术人工晶状体植入治疗葡萄膜炎并发白内障的临床疗效.方法 32例（32眼）炎症静止3月以上的葡萄膜炎并发性白内障,行手法小切口白内障手术人工晶状体植入,术后随访3～6月,观察视力、眼压和并发症.结果 32眼术后视力均有提高,其中≥0.5者14眼,0.3～0.4者12眼,0.1～0.2者6眼.瞳孔圆形或椭圆形,术后眼压控制在正常范围.手术并发症为早期角膜水肿及葡萄膜炎反应.结论 葡萄膜炎并发白内障手法小切口白内障手术人工晶状体植入,手术安全,并发症少,术后反应轻,视力有恢复.     

小梁切除术后白内障超声乳化手术分析

目的:探讨分析抗青光眼小梁切除术后白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的手术方法、技巧及效果分析。方法:我院2007-01/2010-12对87例87眼抗青光眼小梁切除术后发生白内障的病例行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,随访6mo,分析术后视力、眼压、并发症等情况。结果:术后随访6mo,87眼术后视力均有不同程度的提高,其中78眼（90％）视力≥0.3;术后眼压均较术前下降;术后并发症主要有角膜水肿（15眼,17％）、虹膜反应（11眼,13％）、前房出血（5眼,6％）、后囊膜混浊（10眼,11％）。结论:对抗青光眼小梁切除术后出现的白内障,行透明角膜切口的白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术可显著提高视力,保持滤过泡和眼压的稳定,恢复眼前节的组织结构。