系统性红斑狼疮肝损害的临床分析

目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者肝损害的临床特点。方法:对明确诊断为SLE的42例有肝损害患者的临床资料进行临床分析。结果:42例SLE患者中16例有肝脏损害,占36.7%,多为轻中度肝损害;其中ALT升高12例,AST升高8例,TBiL升高3例,ALP升高6例,γ-GT升高11例。结论:SLE肝损害并不少见,多发生在病情的活动期,以肝细胞损害为主。临床表现不特异,易发生误诊和漏诊。     

系统性红斑狼疮合并心脏损害的危险因素

【】目的：通过综合分析系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)合并心脏损害 (cardiac involvement)的发生率及临床特点,以探讨SLE合并心脏损害的相关危险因素。方法：回顾性总结分析2009年1月至2012年1月期间在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院住院治疗的SLE患者159例。结果：1．159例的SLE患者中102例(64.2%)合并有不同程度心脏损害,其中只有5例患者有心脏病相关临床症状,占心脏损害患者的3.1%;102例心脏损害主要表现为心律失常36例(35.3%),ST-T/T波改变22例(21.6%),心包积液32例(31.4%),瓣膜病变47例(46.1%),心肌病变38例(37.3%),肺动脉高压29例(28.4%);2．SLE患者合并心脏损害各组和无心脏损害组年龄和病程的比较：SLE合并心脏损害与年龄和病程无关,但心肌病变组的发病年龄明显较无心脏病变组大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与无心脏损害组相比,传导阻滞组病程明显延长,差异显著(P<0.05);3．SLE患者心脏损害各组和无心脏损害组实验室指标的比较：心脏损害组在自身抗体、免疫球蛋白及补体C4方面与无心脏损害组相比差异无显著性(P>0.05);而心脏损害中ST-T/T改变组、心律失常组、瓣膜病变组的补体C3较无心脏损害组明显下降,差异显著(P<0.05);与无心脏损害组相比,传导阻滞组、心包积液组、心律失常组的LDH明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4．SLE患者抗SSA/SSB抗体和心脏损害关系：抗SSA/SSB抗体阳性组与阴性组之间心脏损害的发生率无显著性差异(P>0.05);5．SLE患者抗心磷脂抗体(ACL)和心脏损害关系：ACL阳性组与阴性组之间心脏损害的发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05),ACL阳性组心包积液、瓣膜病变及肺动脉高压的发生率明显高于ACL阴性组,差异有显著性(P<0.05);结论：SLE易并发心脏损害,其中以瓣膜病变最为多见,且SLE并发心脏损害时常无明显临床症状;补体C3下降可与ST-T/T改变、心律失常及瓣膜病变有关,LDH升高与传导阻滞、心包积液和心律失常组可能相关;发病年龄大者易发生心肌病变,则病程较长者易发生传导阻滞,抗磷脂抗体阳性则易并发心包积液、瓣膜病变及肺动脉高压。     

系统性红斑狼疮合并肝损害的临床分析

目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮患者肝脏损害的临床特点,加深对狼疮肝病的认识。方法回顾分析82例SLE有肝损害患者与无肝损害患者的临床资料,其中SLE合并肝损害42例,分为有肝损害组和无肝损害组。将有肝损害患者的临床表现、实验室检查结果与无肝损害的患者进行比较。同时,将系统性红斑狼疮患者肝纤维化4项指标和肝功能指标进行检测。结果系统性红斑狼疮组与对照组层粘连蛋白、血清Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶及总胆红素指标的比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;两组比较肝脏超声影像学特点有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;C反应蛋白、血沉、SLEDAI积分与对照组比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论系统性红斑狼疮肝损害,以肝细胞损害为主。系统性红斑狼疮患者的肝损害可能是多因素的,应明确病因,合理地使用激素和免疫抑制药物。     

系统性红斑狼疮肝脏损害83例临床观察

目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)肝损害的发生率、与SLE活动的关系及其转归.方法明确诊断的237例SLE病例合并肝脏损害的临床资料进行分析.结果 SLE导致的肝损害占28.7%,大部分出现于SLE活动期,但肝损害程度与SLE活动积分无相关性,免疫学异常与无肝损害病例无差异,对肾上腺糖皮质激素和免疫抑制治疗反应好.结论 SLE肝损害较为常见,其损害程度与SLE活动程度无关,积极治疗SLE有助于肝损害的恢复.     

系统性红斑狼疮心脏损害临床分析

目的　探讨系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)心脏损害的临床特征。方法　分析 169例伴有心脏损害SLE患者临床资料 ,并与 3 96例无心脏损害SLE患者临床资料进行比较。结果　有明显临床症状者只占 2 5 .4%,超声心动图检出率占 66.8%,以心包炎多见 ,心电图异常者占 80 .4%,以ST -T异常最为常见 ;SLE患者心脏外症状、体征及实验室检查对SLE心脏损害无特殊诊断价值。结论　SLE心脏损害临床表现不明显 ,对SLE患者常规作超声心动图和心电图检查 ,有助于提高心脏病变检出率。     

102例系统性红斑狼疮患者心脏损害分析

目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)心脏受累表现,并分析年龄、性别、病程及实验室指标与SLE心脏损害的相关性。方法回顾性总结分析2003年5月至2010年3月宁夏医科大学总医院初诊SLE的住院病人102例,其中合并心脏损害59例,无心脏损害43例。结果 SLE患者并心脏损害患者中心电图(ECG)ST-T异常23例(39.0%),窦性心动过速13例(22.0%),超声心动图(UCG)检查心包积液21例(35.6%),瓣膜病变20例(33.9%),肺动脉高压13例(22.0%)。心脏损害组与无心脏损害组之间年龄、性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组之间病程、血沉、C反应蛋白、抗ds-DNA结合率、补体C3、ANA负对数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),经Logistic回归分析SLE心脏损害与血沉及抗ds-DNA结合率存在相关性(r=1.026和1.037)。结论 SLE可累及心脏各个部分,对于血沉、抗ds-DNA结合率明显异常的SLE患者,需及时行心电图、超声心动图检查,以提高其心脏损害的检出率,改善患者预后。     

系统性红斑狼疮并发感染的特点及影响因素

目的总结系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)并发感染的特点及影响因素。方法对1 956例SLE患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,对患者在感染部位、病情活动度、合并狼疮性肾炎、血液系统损害、血沉、C3及C4水平、激素和免疫抑制剂运用等方面进行分组分析。结果本组SLE患者合并感染的发生率为10.79%,病原体多为细菌,呼吸道感染居首位;不活动组,轻、中、高度活动组间感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);感染组合并狼疮性肾炎、血液系统损害的比例高于非感染组(P<0.05),血沉水平高于非感染组(P<0.05),而C3及C4水平两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);单用糖皮质激素组感染率与合并运用1种免疫抑制剂组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),合并运用1种免疫抑制剂组感染率低于合并运用2种免疫抑制剂组(P<0.05),但合并运用2种免疫抑制剂组感染率与合并运用3种免疫抑制剂组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 SLE患者感染发生率高,有狼疮性肾炎及血液系统损害者更易发生感染,但疾病的活动度、补体水平与感染发生率无明显关系,免疫抑制剂的运用对感染有一定的影响。     

系统性红斑狼疮患儿血液系统损害临床分析

目的分析儿童系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)患者血液系统损害的特点,并探讨其临床意义。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2018年7月西安市儿童医院肾脏科收治的53例SLE患儿的临床资料,总结其血液系统损害特点。根据患者有无血液系统损害分为实验组和对照组,比较两组患者多系统损害累及情况及免疫学指标变化情况。结果 53例SLE患者中,39例(73.5%)有血液系统损害,其中贫血33例(62.2%),白细胞减少14例(26.4%),血小板减少11例(20.7%)。与对照组相比,有血液系统损害的患儿,多系统损害显著,免疫学指标阳性率也越高,但差异无统计学意义,可能与样本数量少及受累严重程度有关,需做进一步研究。结论儿童SLE并发血液系统损害中以贫血最常见。存在血液系统损害的SLE患儿,其他脏器损害越多,免疫学指标阳性率也更高,提示血液系统异常可以作为SLE的诊断线索。     

外周血nCD64指数在鉴别SLE患者并发细菌感染与疾病活动期中的应用

目的 探讨外周血中性粒细胞CD64(neutrophil CD64,nCD64)指数鉴别系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE)患者并发细菌感染与疾病活动期的价值。方法 选取SLE患者160例开展前瞻性研究,根据SLE疾病活动指数(SLE disease activity index, SLEDAI)评估患者的疾病进展情况,通过病原学检查分析有无细菌感染。其中38例合并细菌感染的稳定期患者作为细菌感染稳定期组,40例合并细菌感染的活动期患者为细菌感染活动期组,40例非细菌感染的稳定期患者为稳定期组,42例非细菌感染的活动期患者为活动期组,取同期体检的健康志愿者40例为对照组。比较5组外周血nCD64指数、血清降钙素原(procalcitonin, PCT)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)与血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR)、外周血白细胞计数(white blood cell, WBC)水平。绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteris...     

甲减性肝损害37例临床分析

目的探讨甲减性肝损害的临床特点及治疗措施。方法回顾性分析37例甲减性肝损害的临床资料。结果(1)甲减肝损害的发生率为43.2%,甲减的病程与肝损害的发生率无明显相关性(P>0.05)。(2)肝损害多无明显症状。(3)肝功能损害以AST升高多见。(4)治疗以控制甲减为主,护肝治疗为辅。结论甲减易合并肝损害与年龄和病程无关。甲减合并肝损害如及时诊断及治疗预后好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.