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1.
Five new cases of a rare congenital anomaly known as the ”pelvic digit”, were each discovered incidentally on a radiographic
examination of the pelvis. The features are described, using tomograms in some cases to show the most important and typical
radiographic signs of this anomaly. We review the cases previously reported in the literature and discuss the features in
the differential diagnosis between the pelvic digit, myositis ossificans, avulsion injury of the pelvis and the pelvic rib. 相似文献
2.
Christoph A. Binkert Eric Schoch Gerd Stuckmann Jon Largiader Pius Wigger Wolfdietrich Schoepke Christoph L. Zollikofer 《Cardiovascular and interventional radiology》1998,21(1):22-26
Purpose: The application of self-expanding metallic endoprostheses (stents) to treat symptomatic pelvic venous spurs as an alternative
to surgery.
Methods: Wallstents with a diameter from 14 to 16 mm and one Cragg stent were placed in the left common iliac vein of eight patients
(seven women, one man; mean age 42 years) with a symptomatic pelvic venous spur (left deep venous thrombosis or post-thrombotic
leg swelling). Four patients had surgical thrombectomy prior to stent placement.
Results: Technical success with immediate reduction of left leg circumference was achieved in all eight patients. A primary patency
rate of 100% was observed during an average follow-up of 3 years (range 10–121 months). There were no procedural or stent-related
complications.
Conclusion: The percutaneous transfemoral placement of self-expanding metallic stents is an effective minimally invasive alternative
to surgery in the treatment of symptomatic pelvic venous spur.
Received: 0/00/00/Accepted: 0/00/00 相似文献
3.
Sclerosing bone dysplasias: genetic and radioclinical features 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Vanhoenacker FM De Beuckeleer LH Van Hul W Balemans W Tan GJ Hill SC De Schepper AM 《European radiology》2000,10(9):1423-1433
Although knowledge of basic genetics in the field of sclerosing bone dysplasias is progressing, the radiologist still plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of this relatively poorly understood group of disorders. Based on a target site approach, these anomalies are classified into three groups. Within each group, further differentiation can be made by distinctive clinical findings and by mode of inheritance: (a) dysplasias of endochondral bone formation: osteopetrosis (Albers-Sch?nberg disease), pycnodysostosis, enostosis, osteopoikilosis, osteopathia striata (Voorhoeve disease); (b) dysplasias of intramembranous bone formation: progressive diaphyseal dysplasia (Camurati-Engelmann disease) and variants, hyperostosis corticalis generalisata (Van Buchem disease) and variants; and (c) mixed sclerosing dysplasias: melorheostosis (Leri disease) and overlap syndromes. 相似文献
4.
We report an 8-month-old infant presenting with stridor caused by a nonpalpable neck mass discovered at imaging and surgery.
The diagnosis of aberrant thymic tissue was confirmed at histopathology. The authors reviewed the literature and discuss the
embryology, imaging findings and differential diagnosis of this rare disorder.
Received: 1 July 1999; Revised: 3 September 1999; Accepted: 6 September 1999 相似文献
5.
Heautot JF Eichelberg M Gibaud B Tréguier C Lemoine D Scarabin JM Piqueras J Carsin M Gandon Y 《European radiology》2000,10(1):175-182
The RETAIN project (Radiological Examinations Transfer on an ATM Integrated Network) has aimed at testing videoconferencing
and DICOM image transfers to get advice about difficult radiological cases over an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)-based
network, which affords a more comfortable interface than narrow-band networks and allows exchange of complete image series
using the DICOM format of studies. For this purpose, an experimental ATM network was applied between six university hospitals
in four different countries. An assessment of the functionalities of the system was performed by means of log-file analysis,
video recording of the sessions and forms filled out by the participants at the end of each session. Questionnaires were answered
by the users at the end of the project to bring out perspectives of utilisation and added value. We discussed 43 cases during
20 sessions. For technical or organisational problems, only 20 of the 36 planned sessions took place. The throughput over
ATM (10.5 Mbit/s, 20 times faster than six ISDN B-channels) was adequate. Despite the experimental configuration of the network,
the system was considered as satisfactory by all the physicians. In 72 % of the sessions, the expected result (answer to the
question) was gained. By common consent, videoconferencing was unanimously regarded as a prominent tool in improving the interaction
quality. Asynchronous transfer mode is an efficient method for fast transferring of radiologic examinations in DICOM format
and for discussing them through high-quality videoconferencing.
Received: 26 October 1998; Revised: 25 February 1999; Accepted: 2 April 1999 相似文献
6.
E. Cauchy E. Chetaille M. Lefevre E. Kerelou B. Marsigny 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2000,27(5):497-502
We performed a retrospective study of the results of two-phase technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate bone scans in
88 patients with severe frostbite of the extremities. All patients were evaluated within 48 h after rewarming and all underwent
a first bone scan (BS1) within 5 days after rewarming (median, day 2) (group 1). An excellent correlation was found between
absence of tracer uptake in the phalanges and later amputation; this correlation was especially strong during the bone phase
of the scans (specificity = 0.99, sensitivity = 0.96, positive predictive value = 0.92). Normal or high uptake in the phalanges
was a reliable indicator of ultimate healing (negative predictive value = 0.99). The sensitivity of the examination was enhanced
by performing a second scan (BS2) more than 5 days (median, day 8) after rewarming (group 2, n=36). A comparative analysis of BS1 and BS2 demonstrated that some of the lesions continued to evolve between day 2 and day
8. This suggests that the lesions could still be modified during this period. On the basis of the findings it is recommended
that bone scan be performed close to day 2 in all patients who present with lesions extending proximally to include the entirety
of one or more phalanges. In the case of severe sepsis, the results of the first bone scan, BS1, can serve as an indication
for emergency amputation. BS2 should be performed close to day 8 only if there is an area of low or absent uptake on BS1.
It is concluded that scintigraphy is an excellent means of evaluating patients with severe frostbite of the extremities: as
early as day 2 after the injury it can indicate whether amputation is necessary, and between days 2 and 8 it provides valuable
information on the efficacy of treatment.
Received 16 September and in revised form 27 December 1999 相似文献
7.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of urologic disease: an all-in-one approach 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Verswijvel GA Oyen RH Van Poppel HP Goethuys H Maes B Vaninbrouckx J Bosmans H Marchal G 《European radiology》2000,10(10):1614-1619
The aim of this study was to evaluate an “all-in-one” MR procedure to examine the kidneys, the renal vascular supply and
renal perfusion, and the urinary tract. In 64 patients (58 with urologic disease and 6 healthy volunteers), MR was performed
including: (a) T1- and T2-weighted imaging; (b) 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography (MRA), including the renal arteries, renal
veins, as well as renal perfusion; and (c) 3D contrast-enhanced MR urography (MRU) in the coronal and sagittal plane. For
the latter, low- and high-resolution images were compared. Prior to gadolinium injection, 0.1 mg/kg body weight of furosemide
was administered intravenously. The results were compared with correlative imaging modalities (ultrasonography, intravenous
urography, CT), ureterorenoscopy and/or surgical–pathologic findings. Visualization of the renal parenchyma, the vascular
supply, and the collecting system was adequate in all cases, both in nondilated and in dilated systems and irrespective of
the renal function. One infiltrating urothelial cancer was missed; there was one false-positive urothelial malignancy. Different
MR techniques can be combined to establish an all-in-one imaging modality in the assessment of diseases which affect the kidneys
and urinary tracts. Continuous refinement of the applied MR techniques and further improvements in spatial resolution is needed
to expand the actual imaging possibilities and to create new tracts and challenges in the MR evaluation of urologic disease.
Received: 27 September 1999; Revised: 20 January 2000; Accepted: 22 May 2000 相似文献
8.
The aim of this study was to study pulmonary radiological abnormalities with chest radiography following different radiotherapy
(RT) techniques for breast cancer with respect to regions and density, and their association with pulmonary complications
and reduction in vital capacity (VC). Chest radiographs were performed 5 months following local or loco-regional RT in 167
breast cancer patients. The radiological abnormalities were analysed with a classification system originally proposed by Arriagada
and evaluated according to increasing density (0–3) and affected lung regions (apical–lateral, basal–lateral, central–parahilar).
The highest-density grades in each region were added together to form scores ranging from 0 to 9. The patients were monitored
for RT-induced pulmonary complications. The VC was measured prior to and 5 months following RT. An independent evaluation
of 51 patients was performed by a second radiologist to control the reproducibility of the classification system. Increasing
scores were associated with loco-regional RT and pulmonary complications (P < 0.001). The mean reduction of VC for patients scoring 0–3 (–30 ml) vs 4–9 (–161 ml) was not statistically significant (P = 0.10). Scores of 4–9 were more frequently observed in older patients (P < 0.001). The independent evaluations by two radiologists revealed good agreement (P < 0.001) and no systematic inter-observer variation. Radiological abnormalities on chest radiographs, scored according to
Arriagada, can be used as an objective end point for RT-induced pulmonary side effects in breast cancer.
Received: 4 February 1999; Revision received: 1 April 1999; Accepted: 5 May 1999 相似文献
9.
MRI of bone marrow disorders 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Four factors can be used in MR of bone marrow: fat–water distribution, artifacts induced by bone trabeculae, diffusion, and
uptake of contrast media. Fat–water is imaged using T1-weighted spin-echo, short tau inversion recovery (STIR), and fast STIR,
in- and out-of-phase gradient echo, and fat pre-saturation sequences; bone trabeculae by gradient echo with long TE; diffusion
by single-shot spin-echo. The injection of contrast media is a more easy and efficient way to improve the specificity. The
value and limitations of those sequences are discussed in marrow replacements (metastases, lymphoma, leukemia) and in myeloid
hyperplasia or depletion. 相似文献
10.
Reuter M Tetzlaff K Brasch F Gerriets T Weiher M Struck N Hirt S Hansen J Müller KM Heller M 《European radiology》2000,10(3):534-541
This study was conducted to investigate the early pulmonary effects of acute decompression in an animal model for human decompression
sickness by CT and light microscopy. Ten test pigs were exposed to severe decompression stress in a chamber dive. Three pigs
were kept at ambient pressure to serve as controls. Decompression stress was monitored by measurement of pulmonary artery
pressure and arterial and venous Doppler recording of bubbles of inert gas. Chest CT was performed pre- and postdive and in
addition the inflated lungs were examined after resection. Each lung was investigated by light microscopy. Hemodynamic data
and bubble recordings reflected severe decompression stress in the ten test pigs. Computed tomography revealed large quantities
of ectopic gas, predominantly intravascular, in three of ten pigs. These findings corresponded to maximum bubble counts in
the Doppler study. The remaining test pigs showed lower bubble grades and no ectopic gas by CT. Sporadic interstitial edema
was demonstrated in all animals – both test and control pigs – by CT of resected lungs and on histologic examination. A severe
compression–decompression schedule can liberate large volumes of inert gas which are detectable by CT. Despite this severe
decompression stress, which led to venous microembolism, CT and light microscopy did not demonstrate changes in lung structure
related to the experimental dive. Increased extravascular lung water found in all animals may be due to infusion therapy.
Received: 7 December 1998; Revision received: 2 June 1999; Accepted: 9 June 1999 相似文献
11.
Poll LW Koch JA vom Dahl S Loxtermann E Sarbia M Niederau C Häussinger D Mödder U 《European radiology》2000,10(10):1660-1663
Gaucher's disease type I is the most prevalent lysosomal storage disorder caused by an autosomal-recessive inherited deficiency
of glucocerebrosidase activity with secondary accumulation of glucocerebrosides within the lysosomes of macrophages. The storage
disorder produces a multisystem disease characterized by progressive visceral enlargement and gradual replacement of bone
marrow with lipid-laden macrophages. Skeletal disease is a major source of disability in Gaucher's disease. Extraosseous extension
of Gaucher cells is an extremely rare manifestation of skeletal Gaucher's disease. This is a report on the MRI and histopathological
findings of an extraosseous Gaucher-cell extension into the midface in a patient with Gaucher's disease.
Received: 27 January 2000; Revised: 15 March 2000; Accepted: 16 March 2000 相似文献
12.
García Figueiras R Sousa Escandón A García Figueiras A González Rodríguez AA Pazos González G Armesto Fernández M Lapeña Villarroya JA Pérez Valcárcel J Rey Sanjurjo JL 《European radiology》2000,10(10):1639-1643
Retrovesical masses in men not related to prostatic carcinoma or hyperplasia is an uncommon pathology. Rare masses or unusual
manifestations of those common diseases are a diagnostic dilemma. We review our experience in three unusual retrovesical masses
in men: carcinosarcoma filling a giant bladder diverticulum; cystic prostatic carcinoma; and acquired cystic dilatation of
the seminal vesicle associated with a prostatic carcinoma that obstructed and invaded the vesicle. We report the imaging findings
and review the literature. In our experience, the imaging findings are usually not specific for doing a precise diagnosis
and biopsy procedures are necessary.
Received: 18 October 1999; Revised: 13 March 2000; Accepted: 16 March 2000 相似文献
13.
Colour Doppler US is well established for imaging of hepatic vessels in the assessment of pre- and post-liver transplant
patients. Unfortunately, a full colour Doppler US examination of the portal or hepatic venous and hepatic arterial systems
is frequently precluded by technical factors. Ultrasound contrast agents are useful in enhancing vascular Doppler signal and
play an important role in liver transplantation assessment. A series of patients with vascular problems illustrates the role
of US contrast in the pre-transplant candidate, where portal vein patency and direction of flow is assessed, presence of portal
vein thrombus is confirmed and cavernous transformation demonstrated. Occlusion of hepatic veins in Budd-Chiari syndrome is
confidently confirmed. Following liver transplantation, US contrast allows a comprehensive assessment of hepatic artery thrombosis,
hepatic artery stenosis and pseudoaneurysm formation. The need for further imaging is reduced or confidently deferred in many
instances. Ultrasound contrast agents play an important role in the liver transplant candidate.
Received: 15 April 1999; Revised: 21 June 1999; Accepted: 22 June 1999 相似文献
14.
Weishaupt D Hetzer FH Ruehm SG Patak MA Schmidt M Debatin JF 《European radiology》2000,10(12):1958-1964
The aim of this study was to compare the performance of 3D MRI in conjunction with an intravascular contrast agent to spiral
contrast-enhanced CT, regarding the detection of abdominal parenchymal injuries as well as peritoneal hemorrhage in an animal
model. Liver and kidney injuries were created surgically in six female pigs under general anesthesia. All pigs underwent contrast-enhanced
spiral CT and 3D MR imaging following administration of an intravascular contrast agent (NC100150 Injection). Two readers
rated their confidence independently on MR and CT data sets using a five-point scale for the presence of organ injury and
hemoperitoneum. Autopsy findings served as standard of reference. Sensitivity and specificity for MR in detecting hepatic
and renal injuries as well as hemoperitoneum was 100 %. Computed tomography was less accurate with sensitivity and specificity
values of 90 and 94 %, respectively. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed a higher confidence when interpretation
was based on MR images. In an animal model 3D MR imaging in conjunction with an intravascular contrast agent proved highly
accurate in detecting and localizing parenchymal injuries to the upper abdomen as well as in detecting intraperitoneal blood
collections.
Received: 4 November 1999, Revised: 5 May 2000, Accepted: 9 May 2000 相似文献
15.
Chatziioannou AN Johnson ME Pneumaticos SG Lawrence DD Carrasco CH 《European radiology》2000,10(4):593-596
The purpose of this study was to correlate the effectiveness of preoperative embolization with the blood loss and transfusion
requirement during surgery for bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Twenty-eight preoperative embolizations in 26 patients
with renal cell carcinoma metastatic to bone were retrospectively evaluated and divided into two groups: Group A included
the embolizations that resulted in complete devascularization of the lesion as defined by the post-embolization arteriograms,
and group B included those with an incomplete result. The two groups were compared with regard to blood loss and transfusion
requirement during surgery, by unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test. Where complete embolization was effected (group A, 10 cases), there was a mean blood loss of 535 ± 390 ml. When a less
than complete embolization was achieved (group B, 18 cases), the mean blood loss was 1.247 ± 1.047 ml (p = 0.049). The red blood cell transfusion in group A was 1.3 ± 1 units, whereas in group B it was 2.4 ± 1.2 (p = 0.03). Preoperative embolization of bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma with subsequent complete devascularization
leads to significant reduction of blood loss during surgery. Interventional radiologists should pursue and embolize every
feeder to the metastasis, because any less than complete devascularization increases the amount of blood loss and the amount
of red blood cell transfusion during surgery.
Received: 23 June 1998; Revised: 20 November 1998; Accepted: 24 February 1999 相似文献
16.
Guglielmi G De Serio A Fusilli S Scillitani A Chiodini I Torlontano M Cammisa M 《European radiology》2000,10(4):609-614
The purpose of this study was to describe the normal cross-sectional pattern of radial bone loss associated with aging in
healthy women and to generate a normative database using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Subjects with
suspected conditions affecting bone metabolism or receiving any drugs affecting bone mineralization were excluded. The trabecular
bone mineral density (BMD) and the total bone density of the ultradistal radius at the nondominant forearm was measured using
the Norland-Stratec XCT-960 pQCT scanner in 386 healthy pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal females aged 15–81 years. The long-term
in vivo precision error was 1.6 % CV (coefficient of variation) for trabecular and 0.8 % CV for total BMD measurements. The
highest value of trabecular and total BMD measured was observed at the age group 15–39 years. Beyond these ages both trabecular
and total BMD showed a linear decline with aging, decreasing by an overall slope of −1.28 and −0.55 mg/cm3 per year for total and trabecular BMD measurements, respectively. The test of parallelism between the regression slopes of
the peri- and postmenopausal women showed a statistically significant difference for total BMD measurement (p = 0.003). Measurement of total and trabecular BMD was not influenced by weight, height or body mass index, but it was correlated
with natural logarithm of years since menopause. We conclude that pQCT of the ultradistal radius is a precise method for measuring
the true volumetric BMD and for detecting age-related bone loss in the trabecular and total bone of female subjects encompassing
the adult age range and menopausal status.
Received: 27 August 1998; Revised: 20 June 1999; Accepted: 22 June 1999 相似文献
17.
Congenital abnormality of the aortic arch is a diagnosis made most of the time incidentally in childhood, unless dysphagia
or respiratory disorders occur before. A case of a complex aortic arch anomaly with an aneurysm of the right subclavian artery
presenting as an isolated Horner's syndrome in an adult is reported herein. Magnetic resonance imaging led to this very unusual
diagnosis.
Received: 17 March 1999; Revised: 15 July 1999; Accepted: 13 August 1999 相似文献
18.
Effect of superparamagnetic iron oxide on bone marrow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The goal of this study was to compare the effects of SPIO particles on the signal intensity of the bone marrow of the vertebra
spine in patients with and without liver cirrhosis. Forty-eight patients with normal liver tissue and 56 patients with liver
cirrhosis were examined before and after intravenous SPIO administration, using a 1.5-T system (Magnetom Vision, Siemens,
Erlangen, Germany) with a semiflexible cp-array coil. Three different pulse sequences were applied: a T1-weighted gradient-echo
sequence, a T2-weighted fast spin-echo sequence with spectral fat suppression and a T2*-weighted gradient-echo sequence. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the liver, vertebra bone and paraspinal muscle were obtained.
The SNR value change in each patient group and the SNR value difference between the two groups were evaluated. For assessment
of statistical significance, Student's t-test with a level of p < 0.05 was applied. No significant differences in the SNR values of the liver and bone marrow between the two groups could
be seen with any of the three sequences precontrast. Using the T1-weighted gradient-echo sequence in the noncirrhotic liver
group, pre- and postcontrast comparisons of the SNR values of the liver and bone marrow indicated a decrease of approximately
–44.3 % (p = 0.02) and increase of approximately 15.3 % (p = 0.04), respectively. No significant change was seen in the cirrhotic liver group. With the T2-weighted fast spin-echo sequence,
a significant decrease of the SNR value of the liver and the bone marrow in both groups was seen. With the T2*-weighted gradient-echo sequence, the signal intensity decrease of the normal liver tissue was approximately –65.6 % (p = 0.00), in cirrhotic liver tissue the decrease was –29.9 % (p = 0.02). The SNR values of the bone marrow showed a decrease of –27.8 % (p = 0.04) in the noncirrhotic liver group, whereas in the cirrhotic liver group it was only –11.3 % and statistically not significant.
The effect of SPIO particles on the liver and bone marrow is significantly less in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Received: 2 April 1999; Revised: 5 October 1999; Accepted: 2 February 2000 相似文献
19.
Gallstone ileus: CT findings 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of recurrent gallstone cholecystitis. The classic radiographic triad of small bowel
obstruction, pneumobilia and ectopic gallstone on abdominal plain radiograph is described with CT imaging. Because of the
better resolution of CT compared with abdominal radiography and its recent accession to emergency use, radiologists should
be aware of CT findings of gallstone ileus. We report a case in which gallstone ileus was initially diagnosed by CT.
Received: 30 July 1999; Revised: 18 October 1999; Accepted: 18 October 1999 相似文献
20.
We present a case of concurrence of ectopic adrenal cortex with a renal cell carcinoma. The diagnosis of the accessory adrenal
tissue was made by CT-guided biopsy. With this case report, we draw attention to a specific differential diagnostic problem,
policy and to the MR characteristics of ectopic adrenal cortex.
Received: 10 August 1999; Revised: 21 October 1999; Accepted: 27 October 1999 相似文献