带蒂包皮双面皮瓣治疗小儿尿道下裂

目的 探讨带蒂包皮双面皮瓣尿道成形术(PPDIF)治疗小儿尿道下裂的适用范围和疗效.方法 尿道下裂患儿99例.年龄4个月～12岁,平均5.1岁.按Barcat分型:阴茎体型56例、阴茎阴囊型24例、阴囊型13例、会阴型6例.在Duckett术基础上,保留部分包皮外板皮肤连同成形尿道转移至腹侧,覆盖新生尿道. 结果 99例随访2年.术后发生尿瘘8例(8.1%)、尿道狭窄1例(1.0%)、皮瓣坏死1例(1.0%).手术总成功率89.9%(89/99).其中单纯应用PPDIF修复阴茎体型或阴茎阴囊型尿道下裂成功率91.2%(73/80),联合尿道口周围皮瓣(Duplay)术修复阴囊型或会阴型尿道下裂为84.2%(16/19). 结论 PPDIF适用于大多数小儿尿道下裂的治疗,术后外形美观.重度尿道下裂患儿联合Duplay矫正疗效肯定.     

切断尿道口保留并加长尿道板尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的初步研究

目的:探讨用切断尿道口保留并加长尿道板尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的可行性。方法:选择尿道下裂患者48例,其中冠状沟下型18例,阴茎体型21例,阴囊阴茎交界型8例,阴囊型1例,采用切断尿道口保留并加长尿道板尿道成形术治疗,并观察其术后效果。结果:术后随访6～27个月,一期手术成功44例,2例出现尿瘘,2例出现尿道狭窄,尿瘘以及尿道狭窄均再次治疗而治愈。阴囊阴茎外观满意,阴茎伸展自如。结论:切断尿道口保留并加长尿道板尿道成形术是操作简单,安全有效的术式,可广泛应用于治疗尿道下裂。     

尿流率测定在尿道下裂矫治术后排尿功能评估中的意义

1999年4月至2006年12月,我们采用尿流率测定评估48例尿道下裂患儿手术前后排尿情况.现报告如下. 对象与方法 本组48例.年龄10个月～15岁,平均6.7岁.根据Duckett分类方法,阴茎头型3例、阴茎型36例、阴囊型5例、会阴型4例.行Duckett一期尿道成形术26例、膀胱黏膜一期尿道成形术4例、改良Denis Browne埋藏皮管尿道成形术6例、尿道口前移阴茎头成形术(MAGPI术)3例、带蒂阴茎阴囊联合皮瓣尿道成形术(Duckett+Duplay 术)9例,均同时行膀胱造瘘.患儿手术均成功,无尿瘘发生.     

成人尿道下裂的临床处理

目的探讨成人尿道下裂的临床特点,提高成人尿道下裂的手术成功率。方法2001年9月至2005年12月治疗16-62岁(平均22．9岁)尿道下裂28例,共计施行各种手术39例次,其中尿道成形手术34例次,单纯补瘘5例次。通过临床观察、随访,对几种常用手术方法进行评估。此外,根据成人特点设计改良了术后包扎方法以帮助提高手术的成功率。结果28例单次手术的成功率19例(67．9％)。尿道成形术的34例次共发生尿瘘10例次(29．4％),其中1例在术后2个月自愈(尿瘘发生率26．5％)。发生尿瘘的分布为:Snodgrass术7例次(7／21,33．3％),镶嵌式唇粘膜尿道成形术1例次(1／7,14．3％),Duckett术1例(1／2,50％),Methieu术1例。单纯补瘘的5例中1例术后尿瘘复发。尿道成形术后尿道狭窄发生6例(6／34,17．6％),4例表现为严霞尿道狭窄。尿道狭窄发生的分布为:4例发生于用Snodgrass方法的再手术病例(4／21,19％),1例发生于Duckett术后(1／2,50％),另1例发生于邻近包皮皮瓣再次尿道成形术后。5例目前已经镶嵌式唇粘膜尿道成形术再次手术治愈,1例等待再次手术。结论成人尿道下裂手术容易出现并发症,手术方法的选择是减少并发症的关键。合理的阴茎包扎方法和术后处理对手术的成败有重要影响。     

先天性尿道下裂的手术治疗体会

目的 总结尿道下裂手术治疗的经验体会,进一步提高手术治疗水平。方法 回顾性分析86例尿道下裂的临床资料,分析不同术式的治疗效果。结果 尿道外口前移阴茎头成形术未见尿漏及尿道狭窄等并发症。游离包皮内板尿道成形术后并发症发生率为12．5％,游离膀胱粘膜尿道成形术后并发症发生率为17％。结论 根据不同类型的尿道下裂选择不同的手术方式才能达到满意的治疗效果,阴茎头型尿道下裂采取尿道外口前移、阴茎头成形术,阴茎体型尿道下裂采用游离包皮内板代尿道Ⅰ期尿道成形术,阴茎阴囊型及会阴型尿道下裂采用游离膀胱粘膜代尿道Ⅰ期尿道成形术。     

自制多孔平行双支架管在尿道下裂手术中的应用

目的 探讨提高各型尿道下裂修复手术成功率的方法.方法 220例尿道下裂患者,均采用一期尿道成形术.阴茎伸直后,用带蒂包皮内板尿道成形术(Duckett术)195例;阴囊中隔+带蒂包皮内板联合成形术20例;膀胱黏膜游离移植尿道成形术5例.用自制带有多个侧孔的平行双硅胶管作为尿道下裂修复手术中新形成的尿道支架管.结果 术后随访1～8年,208例一期手术成功,排尿通畅;2例术后出现尿瘘;6例手术1个月后出现尿道吻合口狭窄,4例术后1个月尿道外口狭窄.结论 本组一期手术成功率达94.5%,自制带有多侧孔的平行双硅胶管作为尿道支架管,具有通畅引流、利于冲洗等优点,可减少感染、尿瘘、狭窄的发生率.     

改良尿道板卷管纵切尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂

目的 总结改良尿道板卷管纵切尿道成形术(Snodgrass手术)治疗尿道下裂的体会.方法 对2003年1月至2008年8月应用改良Snodgrass手术治疗的尿道下裂18例的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中冠状沟型3例,阴茎体型13例,阴茎阴囊型2例,均有轻、中度阴茎下曲.结果 术后随访6～18个月,15例Ⅰ期成功,2例尿道外口狭窄,行尿道扩张后痊愈;1例尿瘘,予以行Ⅱ期尿瘘修补术痊愈,无尿道其他部位狭窄.结论 改良Snodgrass手术既矫正尿道下裂,又保留了尿道板.具有操作简单、成功率高、并发症少、阴茎外形美观的优点.     

联合包皮及阴囊带蒂皮瓣修复阴囊型尿道下裂

目的　总结带蒂岛状包皮瓣尿道成形术 (Duckett术 )加阴囊中隔带蒂皮瓣翻转尿道成形术 (中隔皮瓣术 )治疗阴囊型尿道下裂的体会。　方法　对 19例年龄 2～ 12岁 ,尿道缺损长度 5 .0～ 9.0cm的严重阴囊型尿道下裂患儿应用Duckett包皮瓣成形加阴囊中隔皮瓣成形手术方法修复 ,探讨手术应用、并发症预防及尿流改道方法的选择。　结果　 19例随访 6个月～ 4年 ,17例获一期治愈 ,2例并发尿瘘 ,无尿道狭窄并发症。　结论　联合手术方法治疗阴囊型尿道下裂效果满意 ,并发症少 ,双管法尿液引流充分 ,对尿道刺激小     

尿道板卷管尿道成形术治疗小儿尿道下裂

目的探索一种新的尿道下裂的手术方法。方法212例4月龄～9岁尿道下裂男性患儿,其中阴茎头冠状沟型8例、阴茎体型181例、阴茎阴囊型23例,采用单纯尿道板卷管尿道成形术(Snodgrass术)治疗。结果随访2～34个月,188例尿道下裂患者术后阴茎完全伸直,尿道开口于龟头正位,排尿通畅,尿线粗,无尿道憩室,阴茎外观满意;22例有尿瘘,其中16例2次手术修补后成功,6例待手术;2例成形尿道全长裂开,1年后再次行Snodgrass手术治愈。结论尿道板卷管尿道成形术是一种方法简便、术后并发症少、手术效果确切、术后外形美观的新型尿道下裂矫形术,尤其适合不伴有严重阴茎下弯的尿道下裂患者。     

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

目的 探讨和总结尿道下裂成形术后发生并发症的原因、发病比例、相应的处理措施及预防方法 .方法 117 例尿道下裂患者进行尿道成形术后产生并发症19 例,年龄为36 个月～24岁,平均为4.6岁.发生并发症的尿道下裂临床分型为阴茎头型10例,阴茎体型5 例,阴茎阴囊型、阴囊型或会阴型等重度尿道下裂4 例.成形尿道长度为1.2～4.4cm,平均为2.6cm.结果 术后随访1～3年,总的并发症发生率为15.9%.其中尿道瘘者为11例(57.9%),尿道狭窄4 例(21.1%),尿道憩室1例(5.3%),尿道口退缩1例(5.3%),阴茎弯曲畸形矫正不全1 例(5.3%),阴茎皮肤外观重度不良1 例(5.3%).尿道瘘和尿道狭窄发生率显著高于其他并发症发生率( P相似文献   

包皮横形岛状皮瓣一期成形术治疗小儿尿道下裂

目的：探讨包皮横形岛状皮瓣一期成形术(Duckett术)治疗小儿尿道下裂的效果。方法：采用Duckett术一期成形修复小儿尿道下裂56例，Ⅰ度(阴茎头、冠状沟型)8例，Ⅱ度(阴茎体型)33例，Ⅲ度(阴茎阴囊型)11例，Ⅳ度(会阴型)4例。其中4例Ⅳ度病例行Duckert加Dupaly术。结果：一次性治愈39例。术后出现尿瘘15例，尿道狭窄2例，均经再次手术治愈。随访32例，时间为1～6年，无一例排尿异常。绪论：Duckett术式将包皮内板及内外板交界部带蒂皮瓣制成管，因该皮瓣具有质地柔软、表面光滑、伸展性强等特点，成形的尿道顺应性好，管腔宽，血供较好。本术式是修复Ⅰ～Ⅳ度尿道下裂的较为理想的术式。     

微创钨针在横形包皮岛状皮瓣法尿道下裂一期修复术中的应用

目的 总结微创钨针在横形包皮岛状皮瓣管状尿道成形法尿道下裂一期修复术的应用方法及术后效果。方法 我科2013年5月至2019年10月收治的其中226例尿道下裂患者,年龄6月~26岁（平均3.8岁）,其中阴茎体型119例,阴茎阴囊型83例,阴囊型及会阴型24例。术中应用微创钨针进行阴茎矫直、阴茎包皮脱套、横形包皮岛状皮瓣的切取及解剖等操作,将成形的横形包皮岛状皮瓣缝合成管状尿道,对各型尿道下裂进行一期尿道重建术。结果 术后7~8天拔除硅胶尿管排尿后,共发现12例伤口愈合不良、尿外渗及尿瘘形成。全部病例随访3月~2年,共发现尿瘘及尿道部分裂开24例,尿道外口狭窄2例,尿道（吻合口）狭窄3例,尿道憩室1例,阴茎下弯复发2例,总的并发症发生率为32/226（14.2%）。结论 在尿道下裂一期修复手术中,合理应用微创钨针的电切及电凝功能的优势特点,可精细分离解剖横形包皮岛状皮瓣,可安全有效获取尿道再造所需要的血运良好的包皮瓣等组织,有利于提高手术效率、减轻组织的损伤,可促进组织愈合、降低术后并发症。     

横向带蒂包皮皮管(Duckett术式)修补尿道下裂356例

目的:评价带蒂包皮皮管(Duckett术式)修补尿道下裂的疗效。方法:1995年3月至2010年12月共施行带蒂包皮皮管(Duckett术式)修复尿道下裂356例,其中年龄小于14岁的患儿324例(91.0%),修补尿道长度最长10 cm,最短1.5 cm。结果:发生尿道瘘共30例(8.4%),外口狭窄1例,吻合口狭窄1例,比较不同年龄段和不同时期手术并发症发生率无显著性差异(P>0.05),总成功率91.0%。结论:Duckett术式应是Ⅰ期治疗尿道下裂的首选方法,尤其适用于阴茎下屈需要横断并切除尿道板的患儿。     

斜行包皮岛状皮瓣尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂

目的:探讨斜行包皮岛状皮瓣尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的效果。方法:采用斜行包皮岛状皮瓣尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂51例。结果:所有病例均自正位尿道口排尿,尿道外口呈纵向裂隙状,阴茎的外观满意,无阴茎下弯或侧弯,并发症发生率11.8%(6/51),其中尿瘘3例,尿道外口狭窄3例。结论:本术式具有取材范围大、皮瓣血运可靠、成形阴茎外观满意、并发症少等优点,适合阴茎型和阴茎-阴囊型尿道下裂的I期修复。     

纵行带蒂岛状包皮瓣治疗尿道下裂44例报告

目的:总结近4年来应用纵行带蒂岛状包皮瓣一期尿道成形术治疗尿道下裂的临床经验,并评价其疗效.方法:本组44例患者中,阴茎型尿道下裂34例,阴茎阴囊型尿道下裂10例.均采用纵行带蒂岛状包皮瓣一期尿道成形术,平均重建尿道长度2.8 cm.结果:一期手术成功率90.9%(40/44例),尿瘘9.1%(4/44例).所有患者术后1个月复查1次,随访3个月以上,阴茎外观及排尿均良好.结论:纵行带蒂岛状包皮瓣一期尿道成形术对伴有阴茎下曲、尿道板发育不好的阴茎型及阴茎阴囊型尿道下裂患者治疗效果良好,并发症少.     

Hypospadias repair by skin flaps: a comparison of onlay preputial island flaps with either Mathieu's meatal-based or Duckett's tubularized preputial flaps.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the success of different skin flaps in the one-stage correction of primary hypospadias, with particular emphasis on comparing onlay preputial island flaps with Mathieu's meatal-based and Duckett's preputial tubularized flaps. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During a 12-year period, 418 patients underwent single-stage primary hypospadias repair using skin flaps, carried out by one surgeon. The surgical techniques used included Mathieu's repair in 216 (52%), Duckett's in 148 (35%), onlay preputial flaps in 42 (10%) and the Mustarde flap procedure in 12 (3%). The surgical results were reviewed, assessing complications and the functional and cosmetic outcome. RESULTS: At a mean follow-up of 23 months the initial overall complication rate for flap procedures was 22%; however, after a mean of 1.4 procedures, the final success rate was 95%. The complication rate was significantly (P<0.05) higher in patients with a proximal urethral meatus, with severe chordee or in repairs involving transection of the urethral plate. However, the complication rates were not significantly different when the patients underwent repair when aged <2 years or >2 years. Despite no significant difference in overall complication rates, onlay procedures tended to be used in more severe hypospadias than was Mathieu's repair. Duckett's repair caused a significantly higher overall complication rate as fistulae, strictures, meatal stenoses and tubular abnormalities than did onlay procedures. The use of double-faced preputial island flaps resulted in an inferior cosmetic appearance than the use of single-faced flaps, but the overall complication rates did not differ significantly between these techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Hypospadias repair using skin flaps offered a reliable and durable outcome. However, complication rates were greater in patients with severe hypospadias and with techniques requiring transection of the urethral plate. The onlay preputial island-flap technique was more widely applicable than was Mathieu's repair and had a lower complication rate than Duckett's procedure.     

Treatment of severe scrotal hypospadias with onlay-type urethroplasty using mouth mucosa

Failure in repairing severe hypospadias complicated with fistula and cutaneous retraction is often associated with lack of subcutaneous tissue and skin providing protection to the neourethra. We report the results of treatment in 6 patients with scrotal hypospadias with severe deviation and scarce dorsal prepuce. A neourethra was created by the onlay technique applying an oral mucosa graft and preserving in all cases the dorsal preputial skin for the island cutaneous flap. All patients had hypospadias without previous repairs excepting one of them, who had had one first time hypospadias repair in other hospital. Patients age ranged between 2 years and 3 months, and 4 years (mean: 2 years and 9 months). In all cases, hypospadias was scrotal type with severe deviation and scarce dorsal prepuce. All patients had prior hormone stimulation with dehydrotestosterone 3%. Surgical repair was performed in one-stage. Urethroplasty included preservation of the urethral plate, oral mucosa graft to provide ventral coverage, and island cutaneous flap with the dorsal preputial skin. In all cases, the chord was dissected behind the urethral plate. In 3 patients a dorsal Nesbit plication was necessary to obtain a complete straighten penis. Results in all 6 cases were satisfactory. Only one patient had a small leakage at the previous neomeatus. The other five patients are asymptomatic. Follow-up ranges from 6 months to 2 years. We conclude that urethroplasty in association with a well vascularized island flap of dorsal preputial skin decrease the incidence of fistulae. In patients with severe hypospadias with scarce dorsal prepuce urethroplasty should be completed with oral mucosa grafts preserving dorsal preputial skin for the ventral cutaneous plasty.     

Folding and everting distal end of graft flap to reduce orifice stenosis following onlay urethroplasty

Aim: Orifice stenosis remained to be a common complication of hypospadias repair. We had modified the preputial island flap urethroplasty by folding and everting the distal end of the pedicle graft flap to prevent the neo-orifice from stenosis. Methods: Sixteen patients had undergone hypospadias repair using a modified onlay island flap technique. A urethral catheter was retained for 8 days to 10 days after operation. Results: Satisfactory results were seen in all the patients with a cosmetically fine appearance. One patient had a urinary tract infection and another,urethrocutaneous fistula and both were amply treated. No glanular adhesion or stenosis occurred. A long-term follow up of 6 months to 4 years (mean: 2 years) in 15 patients did not find any complication. Conclusion: The modified preputial island flap urethroplasty technique is an easy, reliable and effective approach to reduce orifice stenosis in hypospadias repair. ( Asian J Androl 2003 Jun; 5:159-161 )     

Application of dorsal preputial island flap in meatoplasty

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Meatal stenosis usually presents in adults with a history of urethral trauma or inflammation or as a complication after hypospadias repair. The objective of this study is to present the correction of meatal stenosis using a preputial island flap, created on the dorsal surface of the penis. METHODS: During the last 3 years 12 patients were subjected to meatoplasty using a preputial flap. A meatotomy was performed and a preputial island flap was raised on the dorsal surface of the penis, that was brought to the ventral surface and anastomosed to the opened fossa navicularis. RESULTS: Mean follow-up is 22.3 (range 6-40) months and urethral meatus remains normal with good caliber in routine examination mainly with dilators and uroflowmetry. CONCLUSIONS: The described method was based on the on-lay preputial island flap procedure (Duckett's method) for correction of anterior hypospadias. The cosmetic result is excellent and normal penile morphology and function are well preserved.     

Preservation of the urethral plate in hypospadias repair: extended applications and further experience with the onlay island flap urethroplasty

The onlay island flap urethroplasty, a variant of the transverse preputial (tubularized) island flap, was originally described for repair of anterior hypospadias. However, many cases of mid and proximal hypospadias have a well developed urethral plate and exhibit little or no chordee after release of skin tethering. Patients with this combination of findings are ideal candidates for onlay island flap urethroplasty regardless of initial meatal position. During the last 5 years the onlay island flap has been used for repair of mid to posterior hypospadias in 31 patients (38% of the cases). These are variants that formerly would have required more extensive urethroplasty. Because of the technical advantages of the onlay island flap this alteration in technique selection has resulted in fewer complications. When applied to mid and posterior hypospadias the onlay island flap maintained a significantly lower complication rate (10%) compared to other standard techniques. Preservation of the urethral plate in hypospadias repair is a principle with significant implications to an extended variety of hypospadias.