微创经皮钢板内固定治疗胫骨远段骨折

目的比较微创经皮钢板内固定(minimallyinvasivepercutaneousplateosteosynthesis,MIPPO)与传统切开钢板内固定治疗胫骨远段骨折的临床疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究,将1998年10月～2002年5月收治的42例胫骨远段骨折患者随机分为两组,两组条件均衡。其中一组按AO操作原则及规范行切开复位有限接触加压钢板(LC-DCP)内固定(传统切开组),另一组采用微创经皮钢板内固定(MIPPO组)。对两组的手术过程及结果进行比较。结果全部病例随访12～24个月,平均18.1个月。MIPPO组术后平均发热时间和住院天数分别为3.4d和8.7 d,与传统切开组比较差异有显著性(t值分别为2.17和2.09,P<0.05);MIPPO组手术耗时1.7 h,骨折愈合时间为11.9周,与传统切开组比较差异无显著性(t值分别为1.83和1.73,P>0.05)。MIPPO组无骨折延迟愈合及不愈合,无感染及内固定失败等并发症。结论微创经皮钢板内固定术治疗胫骨远段骨折损伤小、恢复快、并发症少、符合美学要求,是一种疗效较好的生物学固定方法。     

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for distal radius fractures

Background:

Fractures of distal radius are common injury in all age groups. Cast treatment with or without close reduction is a viable option. However, the results are often unsatisfactory with restricted function. The open reduction and internal fixation often results in extensive soft tissue dissection and associated high rates of infect and delayed/nonunion. The distractor/external fixator have reported good functional and anatomical results but the incidence of pin traction infection nerve injury and cosmedic deformity are high. We introduced a modified operative technique for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for distal radial fracture and evaluated the functional outcomes and complications.

Materials and Methods:

22 distal radial fractures (10 left, 12 right) were treated using the MIPO technique and two small incisions with a palmar locking plate from August 2009 to August 2010. The wrist function was assessed according to Dienst wrist rating system, and postoperative complications were recorded.

Results:

According to Dienst wrist rating system, 13 patients showed excellent results, 6 cases showed good results and 3 patients had moderate results. No patient had poor results. Thus, the excellent and good rate was 86.4%. One patient had anesthesia in the thenar eminence and this symptom disappeared after 3 months. One patient had delayed healing in the proximal wrist crease. Two patients had mild pain on the ulnar side of the wrist and two patients had limited wrist joint function.

Conclusion:

The MIPO technique by using two small palmar incisions is safe and effective for treatment of distal radial fractures.     

经皮微创接骨板技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨经皮微创接骨板(MIPO)技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的的手术方法及疗效.方法 2006年3月至2010年2月采用MIPO技术治疗22例胫骨远端骨折患者,男8例,女14例;年龄24～75岁,平均45.3岁.术后定期复查X线片,观察骨折愈合情况,应用Johne-Wruhs方法评估患肢功能和骨折愈合情况.结果 所有患者术后获6～33个月(平均14个月)随访.全部患者骨折均获愈合,愈合时间为15～24周,平均18.6周,1例出现软组织损伤.按照Johner-Wruhs评分评定疗效:优12例,良9例,可1例,优良率为95.5%.结论应用MIPO技术治疗胫骨远端骨折,可有效提高骨折愈合率,获得良好功能,并能减少并发症的发生.

Abstract：

Objective To report the efficacy of treatment of distal tibial fractures with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO). Methods From March 2006 to January 2010, 22 cases of distal tibial fractures were treated with close reduction and the MIPO technique. They were 8 men and 14 women,with an average age of 45. 3 years (range, 24 to 75 years). The fracture healing was observed through regular follow-up radiography. Functional recovery of affected lower extremity was evaluated according to Johner-Wruhs scoring system. Results All the patients were followed up for an average of 14 months (range,6 to 33 months). All the fractures were healed after an average time of 18. 6 weeks (range, 15 to 24 weeks). Soft tissue problem occurred in only one case. According to Johner-Wruhs scoring, 12 cases were excellent, 9 good and one fair. The total excellent to good rate was 95. 5%. Conclusion In treatment of distal tibial fractures, MIPO technique can improve fracture healing and functional recovery through decreasing postoperative complications.     

经皮微创钢板固定技术(MIPPO)在胫骨近、远端粉碎性骨折中的应用

目的 探讨经皮微创钢板固定技术(MIPPO)治疗胫骨近、远端粉碎性骨折的方法和临床效果。方法 34例胫腓骨骨折的患者采用此方法治疗，其中男21例，女13例，年龄14～72岁。胫骨近端骨折12例，远端骨折22例。骨折按AO胫骨干分型，C1型16例，C2型10例，C3型8例。结果 本组34例随访3～26个月，平均14个月，患者伤口全部一期愈合。手术时间45～160min，平均80min，出血100～300mL，术中无输血。X线片示骨痂出现时间4～12周，平均8周，骨愈合时间4～14个月，平均6．7个月，无再骨折发生。以Johner—Wruhs方法评价功能，本组病例优21例、良11例、中2例，总体满意率94．1％。结论 经皮微创钢板固定技术创伤小、并发症少、骨愈合率高，是治疗胫腓骨近远端骨折的有效方法。     

Minimally invasive percutaneous plate fixation of distal tibia fractures

We report a series of 42 patients reviewed at a mean of 19.6 months after treatment of distal tibial and pilon fractures using the AO distal tibia locking plate with a minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) technique. Mean time to union was 22.4 weeks. All fractures united with acceptable alignment and angulation. Two cases of superficial infection were noted, with one case of deep infection. Mean SF36 score was 85 and mean AOFAS score was 90 at a mean of 19 months follow-up. We report satisfactory outcomes with the use of the AO distal tibia locking plate in treatment of unstable distal tibial fractures. Eighty-nine percent of the patients felt that they were back to their pre injury status and 95% back to their previous employment.     

锁定钢板结合微创技术治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的探讨锁定钢板结合微创技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法应用锁定钢板微创治疗11例胫骨远端骨折患者。结果手术时间70～120min;术中出血量50～250ml,均未输血;切口均一期愈合。11例均获随访,时间6～18个月。骨折愈合时间4～8个月。按Mazur踝关节功能评分标准：优9例,良1例,中1例。结论锁定钢板结合微创技术治疗胫骨远端骨折,创伤小、恢复快、骨折愈合率高,临床疗效满意。     

Wound complication of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in distal tibia fractures

Nowadays, the use of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in the management of fracture of the distal tibia is common. The various advantages of the MIPO technique, namely, preserving blood supply and better bone healing, have been described extensively in the literature. However, this technique is not without complication. Among all the complications, infection is one of the commonest. In the last 3 years, we have performed 48 cases of MIPO in treating distal tibia fractures. Our study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of these cases, with special attention to the infection rate and our experience in managing these infection cases. Our results showed that the average time until the patient started to bear full weight was 9.4 weeks. The average time for bony union was 18.7 weeks. There were 7 cases of late infection among these 48 cases. The rate was 15%. The presence of late infection had no obvious effect on the time to bony union. Twenty-five patients (52%) had the implants removed and the most common reason was skin impingement by the implant. The clinical presentation and management of these late infections are discussed. In conclusion, MIPO fixation of distal tibia fractures using a metaphyseal locking plate is safe and efficient. However, complications such as late wound infection and impingement are relatively common. The overall clinical outcome is still good despite the presence of these complications.     

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for distal radius fractures with a palmar locking plate

Purpose

Since 2006, we have been performing minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis with a palmar locking plate and without division of the pronator quadratus muscle for repairing distal radial fractures. The purpose of this study was to present the surgical technique we have developed and to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes.

Methods

Twenty patients were treated with this technique between January and December 2007. The range of motion of the wrist and forearm, grip strength, and the quick disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand score were assessed at the latest follow-up examination, and postoperative complications were evaluated.

Results

The average ranges of flexion and extension of the wrist were 55° and 60°, respectively. The average ranges of supination and pronation of the forearm were 88° and 86°, respectively. The average grip strength of the treated side was 71?% of that of the uninjured side. The average quick disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand score was 13.4 points. No patient had loss of fracture reduction, implant failure, deep infection, or tendon or nerve problems.

Conclusions

The small skin incisions of this technique are advantageous from the aesthetic viewpoint. Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis is one of the options for the treatment of distal radial fractures.     

经关节入路微创钢板固定技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折

目的探讨经关节入路微创钢板固定(MIPPO)技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折的临床疗效。方法2002年4月～2005年2月,应用MIPPO技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折14例,按AO/ASIF分类：C1型3例,C2型6例,C3型5例。先行关节内骨折切开复位、松质骨螺钉固定,再行髁上部分骨折间接复位、经关节内切口插入髁支撑钢板或LISS钢板桥接固定骨折。结果12例患者获得10～32个月(平均18．4个月)随访,骨折均获愈合,愈合时间10周～12个月,平均4．6个月。按Kolmert和Wulff的评价标准：优4例,良5例,可2例,差1例,优良率为75%。结论应用MIPPO技术治疗股骨远端C型骨折实现了微创操作,具有创伤小、软组织干扰少、骨折愈合快等优点,疗效满意。     

经皮微创锁定加压钢板内固定治疗胫骨远段骨折

[目的]观察经皮微创锁定加压钢板内固定治疗胫骨远段骨折的疗效。[方法]采用闭合复位经皮微创锁定加压钢板内固定治疗胫骨远段骨折52例。[结果]随访13~25个月。无骨折不愈合或畸形愈合,无内固定松动、断裂及严重移位。骨折临床愈合时间为9~22周,平均15周。根据Johner-Wruhs评定标准,优38例,良10例,可4例,差0例,优良率92.3%。[结论]经皮微创锁定加压钢板内固定是治疗胫骨远段骨折的一种较好的治疗手段。     

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of distal radius fractures using a pronator sparing approach

Volar locking plates for fractures of the distal radius are a common option of care in many centers. Currently, these plates are placed through a standard approach, such as the flexor carpi radialis interval. However, in our opinion, the use of conventional plate application techniques is associated with more soft tissue dissection than is necessary for these new plates. This may contribute to postoperative pain and also to scarring, which may impede the range of motion. To avoid this, dorsal plates have been developed that can be inserted percutaneously. Historically, dorsal plating of the distal radius has been associated with increased morbidity relative to volar plates due to soft tissue depth. This article discusses a single surgeon's technique for insertion of volar locking plates through minimal incisions with sparing of the soft tissues.     

Minimally invasive locking plate osteosynthesis for fractures of the distal tibia--results in 20 patients

AIMS: We report our experiences with minimally invasive locking plate osteosynthesis (MILPO), for distal tibia fractures, with specific reference to fracture union and complications encountered. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty patients underwent MILPO for open and closed distal tibia fractures between March 2003 and December 2004. Fractures were classified according to the AO system. Open fractures were graded using the Gustilo and Anderson classification and closed fractures via the Tscherne classification system. RESULTS: There were 16 males and 4 females of mean age 44.7 years (range 19-69 years). Thirteen patients had temporary external fixation, prior to definitive fracture fixation. Minimum follow-up was 12 months and average time to full weight bearing in the closed fracture group (12 patients) was 18.1 weeks (range 8-32 weeks) and 19.3 weeks in the open fracture group (8 patients, range 8-44 weeks). Fracture healing was defined as radiological evidence of bridging mature callus combined with pain-free full weight bearing. In the open fracture group, four fractures united within 6 months, one within 6-12 months and one united 12 months after surgery; there were two cases of non-union. In the closed fracture group, seven fractures united within 6 months, three fractures between 6 and 12 months and two after 12 months from surgery. Two of the 20 patients required additional procedures to aid bone healing in the post-operative period. Three of the 20 patients required metalwork removal, for delayed wound breakdown in two cases and wound infection in one case. An uneventful recovery was made following this, in all three cases. There was one case of implant failure due to plate breakage at 32 weeks post-op. The fracture site was opened and re-plated at 32 weeks with a DCP. There were no complications following this. CONCLUSION: MILPO was used for definitive fixation of high energy, open and closed, peri-articular distal tibia fractures. This approach aims to preserve bone biology and minimise surgical soft tissue trauma. This surgical approach may provide an answer to treating a challenging group of fractures and further research is warranted.     

Fractures of the distal tibia: minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis

Unstable fractures of the distal tibia that are not suitable for intramedullary nailing are commonly treated by open reduction and internal fixation and/or external fixation, or treated non-operatively. Treatment of these injuries using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) techniques may minimise soft tissue injury and damage to the vascular integrity of the fracture fragments. We report the results of 20 patients treated by MIPO for closed fractures of the distal tibia. Their mean age was 38.3 years (range: 17-71 years). Fractures were classified according to the AO system, and intra-articular extensions according to Rüedi and Allg?wer. The mean time to full weight-bearing was 12 weeks (range: 8-20 weeks) and to union was 23 weeks (range: 18-29 weeks), without need for further surgery. There was one malunion, no deep infections and no failures of fixation. MIPO is an effective treatment for closed, unstable fractures of the distal tibia, avoiding the complications associated with more traditional methods of internal fixation and/or external fixation.     

微创经皮钛板植入治疗胫骨骨折46例

目的 探讨微创经皮钛板植入法治疗胫骨中远段骨折的临床疗效。方法 对46例胫骨中远段骨折患者随机分两组,微创经皮钛板植入法24例,传统切开法22例。结果 46例均获随访,时间6～24个月,平均18个月。与传统切开组比较,微创经皮钛板植入组术后疼痛轻,炎性反应小。发热期平均2．4d,住院时间平均6．8d,骨折临床愈合时间平均12周,无骨延迟愈合及骨不连,无感染及内固定失败等并发症。结论 微创经皮钛板植入治疗胫骨中远段骨折具有损伤小、恢复快、无骨延迟愈合及骨不连优点,符合生物学固定理念及美学要求。     

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for humerus diaphyseal fractures

Background:

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique is reported as a satisfactory procedure for the treatment of humeral shaft fractures by the anterior approach by several authors. However, none of the published reports had a significant follow-up nor have they reported patient outcomes. We evaluated the clinical, radiographic, and functional outcome over a minimum follow-up of 2 years using the same MIPO technique to humeral shaft fracture.

Materials and Methods:

32 adult patients with diaphyseal fractures of the humerus treated with MIPO between June 2007 and October 2008 were included in the study. Patients with metabolic bone disease, polytrauma, and Gustilo and Anderson type 3 open fractures with injury severity score >16 were excluded from the study. All cases were treated with closed indirect reduction and locking plate fixation using the MIPO technique. The surgery time, radiation exposure, and time for union was noted. The shoulder and elbow function was assessed using the UCLA shoulder and Mayo elbow performance scores, respectively.

Results:

Of the 32 patients in the study, 19 were males and 13 were females. The mean age was 39 years (range: 22–70 years). Twenty-seven of the thirty-two patients (84.3%) had the dominant side fractured. We had eight cases of C2 type; five cases of C1 and A2 type; four cases of B2 type; three cases each of B3, B1, and A1 type; and one case of A3 type of fracture. The mean surgical time was 91.5 minutes (range: 70–120 minutes) and mean radiation exposure was 160.3 seconds (range: 100–220 seconds). The mean radiological fracture union time was 12.9 weeks (range: 10–20 weeks). Shoulder function was excellent in 27 cases (84.3%) and good in remaining 5 cases (15.6%) on the UCLA score. Elbow function was excellent in 26 cases (81.2%), good in 5 cases (15.6%), and fair in 1 case (3.1%) who had an associated olecranon fracture that was fixed by tension band wire in the same sitting.

Conclusion:

MIPO of the humerus gives good functional and cosmetic results and should be considered one of the management options in the treatment of humeral diaphyseal fractures.