大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法治疗急性脊髓损伤

Youg[1](1982)应用大剂量甲基强的松龙(Methyl-prednisolone)静脉内注射治疗实验性动物急性脊髓损伤发现,该药可改善损伤后脊髓血流和微血管灌注。Hall[2]用大剂量可的松动物实验性治疗得出类似结果。Bracken等[3]在近期病人随机对比研究中证明,在急性脊髓损伤8h内给予大剂量甲基强的松龙可使神经功能得到改善,但随访时间短。国内尚未见有关报道。本院从1989年1月～1991年12月,3年间共应用大剂量甲基强的松龙治疗伤后48h内入院的急性脊髓不全损伤20例,收到较好效果。本文着重分析给药时间与疗效的关系。1临床资料 本组20例,男15例,女5例;…     

大剂量甲基强的松龙治疗急性脊髓损伤的临床研究

目的 观察大剂量甲基强的松龙对急性脊髓损伤的疗效.方法 于2006年3月至2007年5月对我院35例急性脊髓损伤患者随机分组,分别给予早期大量甲基强的松龙和地塞米松治疗,观察早期神经功能改善恢复情况Frankel 分级并进行比较.结果使用甲基强的松龙治疗的脊髓损伤患者,其脊髓功能早期恢复明显早于对照组(P<0.05).结论 大剂量甲基强的松龙治疗早期脊髓损伤患者对于防止脊髓继发性损伤及促进残存脊髓功能恢复有积极意义.     

大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击治疗急性脊髓损伤疗效分析

目的研究大剂量甲基强的松龙(MP)治疗急性脊髓损伤的临床效果.方法对87例急性脊髓损伤患者进行回顾性研究,根据伤后时间并按自愿选择用药原则分为应用MP治疗组(MP组,45例)和未应用MP治疗组(对照组,42例),以ASIA分级标准进行分级,并比较疗效和并发症.结果两组患者在治疗前后感觉及运动功能均有明显改善(P＜0.05).但MP组的感觉及运动功能恢复均优于对照组(P＜0.05).MP治疗组中24h治疗组(A组)与48h治疗组(B组)并发症发生率比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05),而MP组与对照组比较并发症的发生率明显增加,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论早期应用MP大剂量冲击治疗急性脊髓损伤是一项有效措施,但会显著增加患者治疗中并发症的发生率.     

甲基强的松龙治疗急性脊髓损伤的回顾及现状

急性脊髓损伤(acute spinal cord injury, ASCI)可分为原发伤和继发伤,继发损伤的危害性往往更大。目前研究表明,继发性损伤是由多种生化因素综合作用的结果,如能量代谢障碍、离子平衡作用失调、自由基、炎性介质、兴奋性氨基酸和内源性阿片肽等。甲基强的松龙(methylprednisolone, MPS)对脊髓损伤的治疗是有效的,但其机理尚不清     

甲基强的松龙在急性脊髓损伤中的应用

急性脊髓损伤因导致严重的后果为人们所重视 ,甲基强的松龙是目前唯一明确对急性脊髓损伤有确定疗效的药物 ,本文对甲基强的松龙对急性脊髓损伤的治疗方案及机理做一综述     

大剂量甲基强的松龙对大鼠损伤脊髓中神经生长因子的影响

神经生长因子是神经系统最重要的生物活性分子之一，其作用广泛，效应细胞多达十余种。用新和素－生物素化酶联免疫吸附测定术检测大鼠正常脊髓、损伤脊髓以及大剂量甲基强的松龙治疗的损伤脊髓中神经生长因子的变化。     

大剂量甲基强的松龙对大鼠急性脊髓损伤预防保护作用的研究

目的：探讨大剂量甲基强的松龙对急性脊髓损伤大鼠神经功能的预防保护作用。方法：采用Allen‘s重物打击模型，大鼠随机分为对照组、脊髓损伤组、预防使用大剂量甲基强的松龙组。在脊髓损伤后24h和72h对大鼠进行神经功能评分(Tarlov评分)，对损伤部位脊髓行病理形态学、超微结构及神经细胞凋亡观察结果：与脊髓损伤组相比，预防使用大剂量甲基强的松龙组大鼠损伤脊髓的病理形态及超微结构改善：Tarlov评分明显提高；神经细胞凋亡明显减少。结论：预先使用大剂量甲基强的松龙对大鼠急性脊髓损伤有预防性保护作用。     

大剂量甲基强的松龙与东莨菪碱治疗急性脊髓损伤的临床观察

目的比较甲基强的松龙(MP)与东莨菪碱(SCP)治疗急性脊髓损伤(ASCI)的治疗效果.方法将44例ASCI患者随机分为3组,伤后8h以内患者随机分入大剂量MP治疗组及SCP治疗组,受伤时间超过8h的患者分人对照组.分别于入院时、伤后6周和6个月时对脊髓功能进行评分.结果两治疗组的感觉功能在伤后6周和6个月时均有明显好转,运动功能MP治疗组在伤后6周时即有明显好转,而SCP治疗组在伤后6个月时才有明显好转.对照组患者脊髓功能恢复不明显.结论MP与SCP均是治疗ASCI有效的药物,MP能够早期促进运动功能的恢复,对ASCI患者的康复有重要意义.     

大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击治疗急性脊髓损伤的临床护理

2001年6月-2003年10月，我院应用大剂量甲基强的松龙治疗脊髓损伤38例，经过严密的观察和护理，取得满意的效果。     

甲基强的松龙对急性脊髓损伤治疗的药理作用

甲基强的松龙对急性脊髓损伤治疗的药理作用郝定均，周晓渝，袁福镛近年来，大量动物实验和临床研究证明，大剂量甲基强的松龙（ｍｅｔｈｙｌｐｒｅｄｎｉｓｏｌｏｎｅ，ＭＰＳ）可阻止外伤后脊髓的变性及坏死。一组双盲法研究的结果表明，伤后８ｈ内的脊髓损伤患者，２４...     

甲基强的松龙冲击法治疗急性脊髓损伤的近期观察

目的探讨应用大剂量甲基强的松龙（MP）对急性脊髓损伤（ASCI）近期神经功能恢复的影响。方法2002年8月至2005年8月，对60例急性脊髓损伤患者，根据伤后时间并按照自愿选择用药原则分为应用MP治疗组（A组），12例，男18例，女14例，平均年龄（42．6±6．4）岁和未应用MP对照组（B组），28例，男16例，女12例，平均年龄（39．6±7．8）岁。伤后8h以内患者列入大剂量MP治疗组，受伤时间超过8h的患者列入对照组。以ASIA分级标准进行分级，并比较疗效和并发症。分别于入院时、伤后6周和6个月时对脊髓功能进行评分。结果MP治疗组（A组）的感觉功能在伤后6周和6个月时均有明显好转，运动功能在伤后6个月时才有明显好转。对照组患者脊髓功能恢复不明显。结论甲基强的松龙是治疗急性脊髓损伤有效的药物，正确、及时使用MP能够早期促进运动功能的恢复，但未显著增加患者治疗中并发症的发生率。     

甲基强的松龙对脊髓损伤影响的组织学观察

目的探讨甲基强的松龙对医源性脊髓压迫损伤的影响。方法取SD大鼠27只,随机分为实验组、对照组、空白组三组。实验组和对照组分别于术前和术后3h给予甲基强的松龙剂量30mg/kg静脉推注。维持剂量5.4mg/(kg·h)。空白组术前3h给予相同剂量的生理盐水。以25g·cm致伤量直接打击脊髓致不完全损伤。分别于术后8h、16h、24h,光镜观察受打击部位组织学变化。结果使用甲基强的松龙较不使用损伤反应轻。打击前使用甲基强的松龙处理组损伤较打击后激素处理组轻。结论术前使用甲基强的松龙对脊髓有明显保护作用。可明显减轻医源性脊髓压迫损伤带来的继发损害。     

The Neuroprotective Effect of Treatment with Curcumin in Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Laboratory Investigation

The purpose of this study was investigating the effects of curcumin on the histological changes and functional recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) in a rat model. Following either sham operation or SCI, 36 male Sprague–Dawley rats were distributed into three groups: sham group, curcumin-treated group, and vehicle-injected group. Locomotor function was assessed according to the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scale in rats who had received daily intraperitoneal injections of 200 mg/kg curcumin or an equivalent volume of vehicle for 7 days following SCI. The injured spinal cord was then examined histologically, including quantification of cavitation. BBB scores were significantly higher in rats receiving curcumin than receiving vehicle (P < 0.05). The cavity volume was significantly reduced in the curcumin group as compared to the control group (P = 0.039). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly elevated in the curcumin group as compared to the vehicle group but was not significantly different from the sham group (P < 0.05, P > 0.05, respectively) at one and two weeks after SCI. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly elevated in the vehicle group as compared to the sham group (P < 0.05 at 1 and 2 weeks). MDA activity was significantly reduced in the curcumin group at 2 weeks after SCI when compared to the vehicle group (P = 0.004). The numbers of macrophage were significantly decreased in the curcumin group (P = 0.001). This study demonstrated that curcumin enhances early functional recovery after SCI by diminishing cavitation volume, anti-inflammatory reactions, and antioxidant activity.     

急性脊髓外伤后脑脊液脂质过氧化物的变化及意义

测定36例急性脊髓外伤患者伤后48h内CSF—LPO的含量,与正常对照组比较,同时对不同损伤程度及不同预后等的患者进行比较。采用医学统计学方法,予显著性t检验。结果显示急性脊髓外伤患者CSF-LPO含量显著高于正常对照组(P<0.001),且与脊髓损伤程度、脊髓水肿范围、脊髓受压、髓内出血以及预后有关。认为CSF—LPO含量增高,提示有脊髓损伤存在,其检测值的差异对早期估计脊髓损伤程度,指导临床治疗,判断预后有一定意义。     

胚胎脊髓细胞悬液植入急性成年大鼠损伤脊髓

目的：建立胚胎脊髓细胞悬液移植于脊髓损伤模型，以评价其治疗脊髓损伤的可能性。方法：４２只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠以改良Ａｌｅｎ法（５０ｇｃｍ）打击脊髓，３天后将孕１４天（Ｅ１４）ＦＳＣＳ２０μｌ植入损伤空腔，移植后２、４、６、８、１０、１２周，以光、电镜、免疫组织化学观察移植物存活、分化及其与宿主之间关系。结果：移植细胞逐渐长大。充满不规则空腔，宿主ＮＦ、５－ＨＴ、ＣＧＲＰ纤维分别出现于移植物，ＧＦＡＰ纤维于宿主移植物交界处适量存在。移植成神经细胞、成少突胶质细胞、成星形细胞的细胞器日渐完善，细胞功能活跃。复杂及多样突触与细胞连接，将上述细胞与神经纤维、胶质纤维、毛细血管网在三维空间内连接成一体，并与宿主紧密嵌合。结论：（１）成年大鼠脊髓损伤３天后植入ＦＳＣＳ可以存活。（２）移植物进入宿主后，出现再分布，继而器官样分化。（３）长、短传导束进入移植物，显示了移植物的桥作用。（４）成少突胶质细胞的神经营救作用。（５）移植区内出现多种突触，提示移植物中继作用的可能性。     

The Effects of Multidisciplinary Team Care for Acute Spinal Cord Injury Patients

ABSTRACT

The care of 169 survivors of spinal injury receiving acute treatment at the Hamilton General Hospital in Ontario, Canada, was studied. This paper compares treatment of groups of patients before and after formation of a multidisciplinary Acute Spinal Cord Injury Team.

The establishment of multidisciplinary team care for acute spinal cord injury patients in our tertiary referral center correlates with clinically and statistically significant reductions in length of stay in the acute care hospital; alterations in the rate of surgical treatment for them, changes in the use of radiological resources, and reduction in the average number of days febrile. The team also brought stronger representation of allied health professionals to the hospital records of acute spinal cord injury patients.

These important changes result from implementation of an effective multidisciplinary medical team without the addition of new funds, personnel, or hospital facilities and without alteration in referral patterns.

Our team did not reduce mortality, duration of intensive care unit stay, or work for physicians.     

Early Surgical Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

ABSTRACT

Fibrocartilaginous emboli to spinal cord vessels is an apparently rare cause of spinal cord injury. A review of the medical literature reveals only 24 reported cases, none of which were noted prior to 1961. The authors have reviewed an additional, but as yet unpublished, case. The majority of patients presented with the acute onset of pain located around the vertebral column which was followed by progressive paresis/paralysis and respiratory insufficiency. Minor trauma to the vertebrae prior to onset was noted in most cases. The time to maximum neurologic deficit (typically paraplegia or quadriplegia) ranged from minutes to 24 to 48 hours. In all but one case the spinal cord injury resulted in death within 11 months of onset with a median of 2.5 to 4 months. One patient lived six years and seven months with respiratory support. In yet another case, a fibrocartilaginous embolus to a sacral nerve root was found as an incidental finding at autopsy. The incidence of both asymptomatic and clinically significant emboli may be more common and depends on the awareness of the medical community to consider this in the differential diagnosis of spinal cord injury. (J Am Paraplegia Soc 1990; 13: 18–23)     

急性颈髓损伤围手术期处理探讨

目的 :探讨急性颈髓损伤围手术期处理 ,为降低手术危险性、促进功能康复提供依据。方法 :对我院 1989～ 1999年收治 5 0例手术病人进行回顾性分析。结果 :术前术后并发症发生率为 96.4%。术中 ,院内无死亡病人。按Frenkle标准优良率为 86.95 %。结论 :急性颈髓损伤病人病情复杂。术前对病人并发症、并发病积极处理 ,严格掌握手术时机。     

Breathlessness and Exercise in Spinal Cord Injury

Abstract

Objective: To determine the impact of medical complications on adult outcomes of individuals with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury (SCI).

Method: Structured interview including standardized measures.

Participants: Individuals who sustained SCI at age 1 8 years or younger and were 24 years of age or older at interview.

Outcome Measures: A structured interview covering employment, independent living and driving, and marriage. Standardized measures include the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique (CHART), the Short Form (SF-12), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).

Results: Two hundred sixteen individuals were interviewed, with a mean age at injury of 14 years and a mean age at follow-up of 29 years. Of all the complications, pressure ulcers, severe urinary tract infection (UTI), and spasticity had the greatest impact on adult outcomes. Pressure ulcers were statistically related to all main outcomes. Severe UTI was statistically associated with all the outcomes except for marriage. Spasticity was associated with all the measured outcomes, except for marriage and life satisfaction. Life satisfaction was most significantly associated with severe UTI, pressure ulcers, pain, and respiratory complications.

Conclusion: Medical complications significantly affect adult outcomes of individuals with pediatric-onset SCI.