老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与高血压及胰岛素抵抗的相关性研究

目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)与高血压及胰岛素抵抗(IR)的关系。方法随机选择符合OSAS患者48例作为OSAS组,并分为高血压组(28例)和正常血压组(20例)2个亚组,同期选择无OSAS的高血压患者30例作为单纯高血压组,健康体检者26例作为正常对照组,均进行整夜睡眠呼吸监测(7 h),并记录睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)等;空腹血糖(FPG)及空腹胰岛素(FINS)测定,对患者进行24 h的动态血压监测并进行相关分析。结果与单纯高血压组比较,高血压组患者非杓形血压比例和脉压均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。OSAS组患者的FPG、FINS水平及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);OSAS患者的AHI与FINS和HOMA-IR均呈正相关。结论 OSAS与IR存在独立的相关性,可能通过IR导致并进一步加重心血管疾病的发生和发展。     

早期胰岛素强化治疗2型糖尿病的疗效观察

目的 探讨短期胰岛素强化治疗对伴高血糖初发2型糖尿病患者的疗效及其对胰岛B细胞功能的影响.方法 对72例初诊2型糖尿病患者随机分为持续胰岛素皮下输注（CSⅡ）组和多次胰岛素皮下注射（MSⅡ）组,进行强化治疗2周,测定治疗前后空腹及餐后2h血糖及胰岛素,并计算胰岛素分泌指数（HOMAβ）和胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA IR）,观察两组治疗达标时间,胰岛素用量及对胰岛B细胞功能的影响.结果 两组患者治疗期间空腹血糖和2h血糖比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,胰岛素用量和达标时间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,低血糖发生率两组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,两组治疗后HOMAβ较治疗前增高,HOMA IR均较治疗前降低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 短期CSⅡ和MSⅡ治疗均可改善新诊断2型糖尿病患者B细胞功能,减轻胰岛素抵抗,CSⅡ较MSⅡ临床效果好,达标快,胰岛素用量少,低血糖发生率低.     

正常糖耐量人群年龄与胰岛功能关系的研究

目的 分析中国人群正常糖耐量者胰岛功能与年龄之间的关系.方法 以南京地区2028例糖耐量正常者为研究对象,均行75 g葡萄糖耐量试验(75gOGTT)排除血糖已达到糖尿病(DM)或糖调节受损诊断者.采用HOMA2计算器利用空腹血糖(FBG)和空腹血清胰岛素(Fins)计算出胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA2-B)及胰岛素敏感指数(HOMA2-S).结果 年龄与HOMA2-B呈负相关,包括男性(r=-0.175, P＜0.01)、女性(r=-0.116,P＜0.01)以及总体(r=-0.144, P＜0.01);经校正BMI及胰岛素敏感指数后,负相关的统计学差异仍具有显著性意义.以年龄＜40岁组胰岛功能受损的相对危险度为1,则随着年龄区间的上升,无论男性还是女性,胰岛功能下降的相对危险均逐渐升高,并在60～69岁组间达到最高[OR(95%CI):男1.54(1.33～1.78),女1.27(1.04～1.56)].经校正BMI及HOMA2-S后,OR值仍呈现升高的趋势.结论 糖耐量正常的中国人群中年龄是胰岛功能受损的危险因素,而年龄对胰岛素敏感性的影响不明显.     

持续正压通气治疗对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者血脂血糖变化的影响

目的 分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者,经过持续正压通气(CPAP)治疗后血脂和血糖的变化情况,为进一步探讨OS-AS发病机制提供依据.方法 67例SOAS患者,按照呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)不同分为轻度组17例,中度组18例,重度组32例;同时选择29例健康体检者为对照组.均进行血脂和血糖的测定.结果 对照组与不同程度OSAS患者的血脂比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);轻度组血糖与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);中、重度组血糖明显高于对照组和轻度组(P＜0.05);重度组血糖明显高于其他各组,(P＜0.05);分别以血脂和血糖指标为因变量,组别和治疗为处理因素进行方差分析,结果不同组、治疗前后患者血脂均无明显变化(P＞0.05);不同组、治疗前后患者血糖明显降低(P＜0.05).结论 OSAS患者血糖明显发生改变,经过CPAP治疗后可以明显改善患者血糖水平.     

机关老年人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与代谢综合征关系初探

目的调查和分析>60岁机关打鼾人群中阻塞性睡眼呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)与代谢综合征(MS)的关系。方法 采用整群抽样法,2008年10月至2009年4月,在我院体检中心接受健康体检的>60岁的机关打鼾者共156例纳入研究。现场完成抽样问卷调查,并完成夜间7h多导睡眠仪(PSG)监测,按呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)将156例分为Ⅰ组(AHI≤5)、Ⅱ组(AHI>5)。全部进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)并测定空腹葡萄糖、空腹胰岛素、餐后2h血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和尿酸。计算HOMA指数、体质量指数(BMI)。结果 该组打鼾者ESS评分0～20分,中位分值为5分。156例中Ⅰ组119例,占总数76.3%;Ⅱ组37例,占总数23.7%。经比较2组间各指标和疾病状态,具有显著性差异的是:腰围、BMI、相关症状得分、TC、LDL-C、血糖水平和HOMA指数、MS和脑血管病(P均<0.05)。结论 >60岁机关打鼾人群中OSAS患者,具有更多的MS的危险因素和显著的胰岛素抵抗,脑血管疾病患病率更高,临床症状更为严重。需要社会高度重视对>60岁打鼾人群的OSAS筛查和防治,同时对OSAS高危人群主张早期干预。     

对有糖尿病家族史而糖耐量正常者胰岛α细胞和β细胞第一时相分泌功能的研究

比较正常糖耐量者胰岛α细胞和β细胞第一时相分泌功能,探讨遗传因素对胰岛细胞功能的影响.分别检测有家族史而糖耐量正常者(FH+)40名、无家族史且糖耐量正常者(FH-)55名空腹及左旋精氨酸刺激后胰岛素、胰升糖素及空腹游离脂肪酸等指标的变化,以稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数评价胰岛素抵抗.校正性别、年龄、体重指数后,2组胰岛素均在2 min达分泌峰值,4min开始下降,且FH+组峰倍数明显小于FH-组(7.29倍对8.88倍,P＜0.05);2组胰升糖素均2min达分泌峰值,4min开始下降,空腹胰升糖素和峰值倍数均无显著性差异(P＞0.05);2组空腹胰岛素与空腹胰升糖素比值无显著性差异(P＞0.05).在糖尿病遗传背景下,即使糖耐量正常者胰岛β细胞的功能已有所下降.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症与高血压关系的分析

目的 探索伴有高血压的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症(OSAHS)的睡眠呼吸障碍特点,并分析两者间的关系.方法 对已诊断为OSAHS的患者中90例高血压和65例非高血压者进行相关指标的分析.结果 高血压组睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)高于非高血压组,体重指数(BMI)是引起两组间AHI差异的显著因素(F=23.92,P＜0.01).在引入年龄和BMI、AHI作为协变量后,两组间夜间平均SaO2和最低SaO2比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05);AHI是引起夜间缺氧的显著因素(P＜0.05).在不同的睡眠期,高血压组的阻塞性呼吸暂停指数(OAI)均显著高于非高血压组;引入相关协变量后,仍然存在显著性差异(P＜0.05);而两组间的低通气指数(HI)比较差异无显著性.OSAHS患者中高血压的危险因素是AHI、年龄、BMI.结论 伴有OSAHS的高血压患者的睡眠呼吸障碍程度更重,夜间低氧血症与高血压无关,而与睡眠呼吸障碍的严重度有关.在不同的睡眠期,高血压组的阻塞性呼吸暂停程度更严重.年龄、肥胖和睡眠呼吸障碍的严重程度是OSAHS患者中高血压的危险因素.     

空腹血糖受损的老年人群胰岛素抵抗与胰岛β细胞功能研究

目的探讨在空腹血糖为5.6～6.9 mmol/L的诊断标准下,空腹血糖受损(IFG)的老年人群(≥60岁)胰岛素抵抗(IR)与胰岛β细胞功能特点。方法选取正常糖耐量(NGT)者71例,单纯性空腹血糖受损(I-IFG)者65例,单纯性糖耐量受损(I-IGT)者59例,空腹血糖受损 糖耐量受损(IGT IFG)者50例。分别以HOMA IR(HOMA-IR)指数和HOMA-β细胞功能指数(HBCI)评价IR和胰岛β细胞功能。结果经调整,性别、年龄和BMI后分析显示,I-IFG组和IFG IGT组的HOMA-IR均高于NGT组(P<0.05);NGT组与IGT组两组以及I-IFG、I-IGT和IGT IFG三组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经调整,性别、年龄、BMI和HOMA-IR后分析显示,I-IFG组和IGT IFG组的HBCI明显低于NGT组和IGT组(P<0.05);而NGT和IGT组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在空腹血糖为5.6～6.9 mmol/L的诊断标准下,老年人I-IFG仍是不同于IGT的一种糖调节受损人群,I-IFG的主要发生机制可能为基础状态下IR与胰岛β细胞功能缺陷。     

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与心血管疾病的相关性研究

目的探讨睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与心血管疾病的相关性。方法将2016年2月到2018年12月我院收治的68例疑似睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者作为研究对象,对其予以多导睡眠图监测,依据监测结果将患者分为正常组、轻度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组、中度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组、重度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组,依据颅脑CT、心脏超声、心电图的检测结果以及患者的临床症状表现情况对不同组患者的心血管疾病进行诊断,观察在不同组患者的心血管疾病的发生情况、每小时呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、睡眠呼吸紊乱指数(RDI)、氧减饱和度指数情况,并分析体质量(BMI)与AHI、RDI、氧减饱和度指数的相关性。结果重度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组的AHI、RDI、氧减饱和度指数明显高于其他三组,并且中度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组的AHI、RDI、氧减饱和度指数明显高于轻度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);重度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组的各类心血管疾病的发生率明显高于正常组,中度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组的各类心血管疾病的发生率明显高于正常组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),但轻度睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组的各类心血管疾病的发生率与正常组无统计学意义(P0.05),并且三组患者的高血脂与糖尿病的发生率无统计学意义(P0.05);BMI与AHI、RDI、氧减饱和度指数均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与心血管疾病呈相关性,为有效的降低患者的心血管疾病的发生率,则需要采取有效的措施治疗睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。     

胰岛素强化治疗对初诊2型糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞功能的影响

68例初诊2型糖尿病患者分为CSII组36例和MSII组32例,治疗过程分为对照期,调量期和稳定期,设定靶血糖值为FBG＜6.1mmol/L,2hPPG＜8.3mmol/L,治疗前及稳定期治疗2W后化验空腹及餐后2h血糖、空腹胰岛素.按稳态模型计算胰岛β细胞功能(HOMA-β)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),观察两种强化治疗方法降糖效果及对胰岛β细胞功能影响.结果两组患者对照期,调量期和稳定期空腹及餐后2h血糖比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05);两组治疗后HOMA-β均较治疗前增高,HOMA-IR均较治疗前降低,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);两组间治疗前后HOMA-β和HOMA-IR差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).但CSII组胰岛素用量较小,低血糖发生率低,达标时间较早.结论短期胰岛素强化治疗能改善胰岛β细胞功能,减轻胰岛素抵抗.CSII较MSII更适合作为强化治疗手段.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与代谢综合征相关机制的探讨

目的　探讨老年人阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (OSAS)与代谢综合征 (MS)临床并存率较高的可能原因及机制。　 方法　将老年鼾症者 79例分为单纯性鼾症者 (对照组 )及OSAS组 ,并根据呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)和最低脉氧饱和度 (LSpO2 )分别将OSAS患者进一步分为轻中度及重度OSAS组。比较MS在各组的发生率。测量多导睡眠监测参数 :AHI、LSpO2 、平均脉氧饱和度 (ASpO2 ) ;外周循环中代谢参数 :空腹血糖 (FBG)、总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、真胰岛素 (TI)与胰岛素原 (PI)、血压和体内稳态模式评估 (HOMA)指数 ,以及某些人体指数 :体质量指数 (BMI)、腰围 (WC)及颈围 (NC) ,并分析它们的相关性。　 结果　所有OSAS患者中 2 7 9%并存有MS。重度OSAS组的MS发生率明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。HOMA指数、PI水平均与LSpO2 、ASpO2 呈显著性负相关 ;LSpO2 、ASpO2 与BMI、WC、NC与舒张压呈显著性负相关 ,而与TC、HDL C呈显著性正相关。HOMA指数与PI是重度OSAS的危险因素 ,其OR值(95 %可信限 )分别为 1 92 6(1 3 0 3～ 2 846,P <0 0 1) ,1 716(1 716～ 2 5 0 5 ,P <0 0 1)。HOMA指数与重度OSAS的发生独立相关 ,其OR值为 1 991(1 3 0 8～ 3 0 3 0 ,     

Insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance in obese children and adolescents referred to a tertiary-care center in Israel

OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and their determinants in a cohort of obese children and adolescents. METHODS: A retrospective design was used. The study group included 234 patients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile for age and gender and 22 patients with a BMI between the 85th and 95th percentile for age and gender referred for evaluation to a major tertiary-care center in Israel. Ages ranged from 5 to 22 y. Estimates of insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR)); insulin sensitivity (ratio of fasting glucose (GF) to fasting insulin (IF) (GF/IF), the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI)), and pancreatic beta-cell function (HOMA-derived beta-cell function (HOMA %B)) were derived from fasting measurements. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in 192 patients to determine the presence of IGT. RESULTS: Insulin resistance was detected in 81.2% of the patients, IGT in 13.5%, and silent diabetes in one adolescent girl. Only two patients with IGT also had impaired fasting glucose (IFG). The prevalence of IGT was higher in adolescents than prepubertal children (14.7 vs 8.6%). GF/IF and QUICKI decreased significantly during puberty (P<0.005), whereas HOMA-IR and HOMA %B did not. Insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity indexes were not associated with ethnicity, presence of acanthosis nigricans or family history of type 2 diabetes. Patients with obesity complications had lower insulin sensitivity indexes than those without (P=0.05). Compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), patients with IGT had significantly higher fasting blood glucose (85.9+/-6.5 vs 89.2+/-10.6 mg/dl, P<0.05), higher 2-h post-OGGT insulin levels (101.2+/-74.0 vs 207.6+/-129.7 microU/ml, P<0.001), a lower QUICKI (0.323+/-0.031 vs 0.309+/-0.022, P<0.05), and higher fasting triglyceride levels (117.4+/-53.1 vs 156.9+/-68.9, P=0.002). However, several of the fasting indexes except QUICKI failed to predict IGT. There was no difference between the group with IGT and the group with NGT in fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA %B or the male-to-female ratio, age, BMI-SDS, presence of acanthosis nigricans, ethnicity, and family history of type 2 diabetes.CONCLUSIONS:Insulin resistance is highly prevalent in obese children and adolescents. The onset of IGT is associated with the development of severe hyperinsulinemia as there are no predictive cutpoint values of insulin resistance or insulin sensitivity indexes for IGT, and neither fasting blood glucose nor insulin levels nor HOMA-IR or HOMA %B are effective screening tools; an OGTT is required in all subjects at high risk. Longitudinal studies are needed to identify the metabolic precursors and the natural history of the development of type 2 diabetes in these patients.     

Impaired beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity in Japanese subjects with normal glucose tolerance

The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by both impaired beta-cell function and increasing insulin resistance. To clarify the roles of them in developing type 2 diabetes, we evaluated insulin resistance by HOMA-IR and insulin secretion by HOMA beta-cell in 453 Japanese subjects whose fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA(1c) levels were within normal range. HOMA beta-cell was found to decrease in the over 30 years groups, while HOMA-IR increased with body mass index (BMI). To analyze the reserve capacity of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, the 67 of them, who underwent a standard oral glucose tolerance test and were diagnosed with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), were divided into four degrees of BMI age-adjusted to 50 years. They were compared for insulinogenic index and ISI composite proposed by Matsuda and DeFronzo across the range of BMI. ISI composite was significantly less in the highest BMI group, while insulin secretion did not increase in the higher BMI groups. The subjects with higher BMI had remarkably lower insulinogenic indices than those with lower BMI. These data suggest that insulin secretory reserve is insufficient to compensate for increased insulin resistance in Japanese people with NGT at about 50 years of age.     

不同糖耐量患者糖化血红蛋白与胰岛素抵抗的相关性研究

目的 探讨不同糖耐量患者HbA1 c与IR的相关性.方法 291名受试者行75 gOGTT,根据结果分为T2DM、IGR和正常糖耐量（NGT）组,分析各组HbA1c与IR相关指标的关系.结果 T2DM组FPG、2 hPG、HbA1c、LDL-C、FIns和胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）高于IGR组,HDL-C、胰岛素分泌指数（HOMA-β）和ISI低于IGR组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.T2DM组HbA1c与TG、HOMA-IR呈正相关（r=0.17,P=0.03;r=0.19,P=0.02）,与HOMA-β、ISI呈负相关（r=-0.39,P=0.00;r=-0.28,P=0.00）.IGR组HbA c与HOMA-β、ISI呈负相关（r=-0.49,P=0.00;r=-0.32,P=0.02）.NGT组HbA1c与HOMA-IR、HOMA-β、ISI无相关性（P＞0.05）.结论 T2DM组HbA1 c、HOMA-IR高于IGR组,不同糖耐量组HbA1c与IR呈正相关.     

空腹血糖异常、糖耐量减低患者血清胰岛素水平的变化及其意义

目的 观察空腹血糖异常(IFG)、糖耐量减低(IGT)患者血清胰岛素水平的变化。方法 对50例空腹血糖和糖耐量正常者(NGT)、40例IFC和80例IGT患者行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(0GTT)，用氧化酶法检测血糖，用放免法测定血清空腹及餐后2小时胰岛素。结果 IFG、IGT组空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素水平及胰岛素敏感指数较NGT组明显升高(P＜0.05或P＜0．01)，IFG组胰岛素敏感指数与IGT组比较无显著性差异(P＞0．05)。结论 在IFG、IGT状态下已经存在胰岛素抵抗，而且在程度上两者间并没有显著性差异，应早期干预治疗。     

Hyperbolic correlation between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion fades away in lean subjects with superb glucose regulation

The relationship between insulin sensitivity (Si) and insulin secretion (β) was analyzed in 533 health examinees. The subjects underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, with plasma glucose (PG) and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) determined at fasting, 30 min and 120 min, and were classified according to the current criteria as normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n=328), non-diabetic hyperglycemia (NDH, n=113) including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, and diabetes mellitus (DM, n=72). NGT was subdivided by fasting PG (FPG) tertile, ≤4.9, 5.0-5.4 and 5.5-6.0 mM, into NGT(FPG1), NGT(FPG2) and NGT(FPG3), or by body mass index (BMI) tertile, ≤21.8, 21.9-24.4 and ≥24.5 kg/m2, into NGT(BMI1), NGT(BMI2) and NGT(BMI3). As an index of Si and β, Matsuda index=10,000/sqrt[FPG·FIRI·2hPG·2hIRI] and δIRI????/δPG????, were employed respectively: FIRI, 2hPG and 2hIRI denote fasting IRI, 2h-post glucose PG and IRI, respectively. Correlation between Si and β was evaluated by Spearman's rank correlation and the parameters for [β]=a·[Si](b) were obtained by standardized major axis (SMA) regression. Si-β correlation was strongest in NDH (Spearman's rho=-0.546, SMA regression r2=0.277), intermediate in DM (rho=-0.432, r2=0.193) and weakest in NGT (rho=-0.201, r2=0.039). Spearman's rho for the Si-β correlation was significantly lower in NGT than in NDH (p=0.003). Si-β correlation was significant in NGT(FPG3), NGT(FPG2) and NGT(BMI3), but not in NGT(FPG1), NGT(BMI2) and NGT(BMI1). The slope, b, was -1.184?-1.530 without significant differences between any groups. In conclusion, the hyperbolic Si-β correlation was weaker in NGT than in NDH and absent in NGT subjects belonging to the lowest FPG or BMI tertile.     

Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance prevalences in Turkish patients with impaired fasting glucose

Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) like impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) has increased risk of progressing to diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of the study was to evaluate prevalance of IGT and type 2 DM with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in Turkish patients who had fasting glucose of 110 and 125 mg/dl. Hundred and forty-eight (67.3%) women and 72 (32.7%) men (30-65 years old with mean age of 51.3 +/- 8.7 year) who had fasting glucose range 110-125 mg/dl were evaluated with OGTT. Seventy-two patients had IGT (32.8%), 74 (33.6%) patients had type 2 diabetes and 74 (33.6%) patients had normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Mean fasting glucose and insulin levels were higher in the IGT group than in the NGT group. Mean level of total cholesterol was higher in DM than that in NGT and IGT groups. Mean triglyceride (TG) (P = 0.476), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P = 0.594), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P = 0.612), Apoproteine A (P = 0.876), Apoproteine B (P = 0.518), uric acid (P = 0.948) and ferritin (P = 0.314) were found higher in diabetic patients. Lipoproteine a (P = 0.083), fibrinogen (P = 0.175) and hsCRP (P = 0.621) levels were higher in IGT. Mean HOMA S% levels of NGT, IGT and DM were found to be 65.0 +/- 13.0%, 60.9 +/- 16.0% and 50.1 +/- 11.1%, respectively. HOMA B% levels were measured to be 80.4 +/- 29.1% in NGT, 85.3 +/- 14.59% in IGT and 60.1 +/- 10.1% in DM. Significant difference was found between IFG and DM (P = 0.043) groups. The prevalences of diabetes and IGT were found to be 33.63 and 32.7% in IFG, respectively.     

糖调节受损和2型糖尿病患者血浆nesfatin-1水平的变化

采用酶联免疫法测定了初诊2型糖尿病患者、糖调节受损(IGR)患者、正常糖耐量(NGT)者血浆nesfatin-1水平.结果显示,2型糖尿病和IGR组血浆nesfatin-1水平明显高于NGT组[(1.91±0.79和1.80±0.80对1.41±0.58)μg/L,P＜0.01].血浆nesfatin-1水平与体重指数(BMI)、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、HbA1C、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)呈明显正相关(P＜0.05或P＜O.01).多元回归分析结果表明HOMA-IR和BMI分别是影响血浆nesfatin-1水平的独立相关因素(均P＜0.01).提示血浆nesfatin-1可能参与了胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的发生和发展.     

2型糖尿病患者血管紧张素Ⅱ与胰岛β细胞分泌功能的关系探讨

目的 探讨不同糖耐量状态下血管紧张素Ⅱ与胰岛β细胞分泌功能的关系.方法 新诊断2型糖尿病患者42例(DM组)、空腹血糖受损/糖耐量受损者38例(IFG/IGT组)、正常对照者40名(NGT组)行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验,ELISA法测定空腹血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)及脂联素水平.计算急性胰岛素分泌反应(AIR3-10)、第一时相(0～10min)胰岛素分泌曲线下面积(AUCⅠ)及峰值浓度、第二时相(10～120min)胰岛素分泌曲线下面积(AUCⅡ)、稳态模型评估胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).探讨AngⅡ与AIR3-10、AUCⅠ及峰值浓度、AUCⅡ、脂联素、HOMA-β及HOMA-IR的关系.结果 (1)DM组和IFG/IGT组AngⅡ显著高于NGT组(P＜0.05);DM组和IFG/IGT组AIR3-10、AUCⅠ及峰值浓度、AUCⅡ、脂联素显著低于NGT组(P＜0.05),DM组降低更为显著;(2)AngⅡ与AIR3-10、AUCⅠ及峰值浓度、AUCⅡ、脂联素、HOMA-β呈显著负相关(P＜0.01),与空腹血糖、糖负荷后2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR呈正相关(P＜0.05);(3)多元逐步回归分析,AngⅡ与AUCⅠ、AUCⅡ独立相关.结论 AngⅡ为胰岛β细胞分泌功能的独立影响因素.排除血压、体位、药物等因素的影响,高AngⅡ水平可预测2型糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞功能受损及胰岛素抵抗.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship between angiotensin Ⅱ and pancreatic islet β cell secretion function under different glucose tolerance statuses. Method Forty-two patients with newly diagnosed type 2diabetes mellitus ( DM group), 38 subjects with impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance ( IFG/IGTgroup) ,and 40 normal control subjects (NGT group) underwent intravenous glucose tolerance test. Fasting plasma angiotensin Ⅱ ( Ang Ⅱ ) and adiponectin were assayed by ELISA. Acute insulin response from 3 to 10 min( AIR3-10 ),the area under the curve( AUCⅠ ) and the peak concentration of the first-phase ( 0-10 min) insulin secretion, the area under the curve of the second-phase( 10-120 min) insulin secretion( AUCⅡ), homeostasis model assessment for β cell function index(HOMA-β) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) were calculated to explore the relationship with Ang Ⅱ. Result ( 1 ) The levels of Ang Ⅱ in DM group and IFG/IGT group were significantly higher than that in NGT group( P＜0.05 ). The AIR3-10, AUCⅠ and peak concentration, AUCⅡ ,adiponectin in DM group and IFG/IGT group were significantly lower than those in the NGT group ( P＜0. 05), and these results were more significantly reduced in DM group compared with those in IFG/IGT group. (2) Ang Ⅱ was negatively correlated with AIR3-10, AUCⅠ and the peak concentration, AUCⅡ, adiponectin, HOMA-β ( P＜0. 01 ), and positively correlated with fasting blood glucose,2 h blood glucose after glucose loading, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR (P＜0. 05 ). (3)Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that Ang Ⅱ was independently associated with AUCⅠ and AUCⅡ.Conclusion Ang Ⅱ was an independent factor that affected the insulin secretion function of pancreatic islet βcells. Ruling out the effect of blood pressure, body position, drugs, and other factors, high levels of Ang Ⅱ could predict the dysfunction of pancreatic islet β cell as well as insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.     

不同糖代谢异常患者血浆载脂蛋白A5水平的变化及其临床意义

目的 通过比较不同糖耐量人群血浆载脂蛋白A5（ApoA5）、脂联素（APN）及TG水平,探讨其相互关系,以及ApoA5及APN降低TG的可能机制. 方法 选取新诊断T2DM患者（T2DM组）35例,IGR者（IGR组）30例及正常对照者（NGT组）35名,行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验（IVGTT）.ELISA测定空腹ApoA5及APN水平;比色法测定FFA.稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）及胰岛β细胞功能指数（HOMA-β）.探讨ApoA5与APN、血脂、FFA、HOMA-IR及HOMA-β的关系. 结果 （1）T2DM、IGR组ApoA5及APN水平低于NGT组（P＜0.05）,且T2DM组较IGR组降低更明显（P＜0.05）.（2）T2DM、IGR组TG、FFA、2 hFFA、LDL-C、FPG、2 hPG、FIns、HOMA-IR水平高于NGT组（P＜0.05）,且T2DM组较IGR组升高更明显（P＜0.05）.（3） ApoA5与TG、TC、FFA、2 hFFA、LDL-C、FPG、2 hPG、FIns、HOMA-IR、BMI及WHR呈负相关;与APN、HDL-C及HOMA-β呈正相关.（4）多元逐步回归分析显示,APN、TG、FFA、WHR及HOMA-IR是ApoA5的独立影响因素. 结论 低ApoA5及APN水平可能是IGR时期的早期敏感指标,低ApoA5及APN水平不能有效抑制血中FFA水平,可能导致高甘油三酯血症（HTG）及IR,从而共同导致IGR及T2DM的发生发展.