123例原发性IgA肾病患者临床特点与病理分析

目的：探讨原发性IgA肾病患者临床表现、病理特点及其相关性。方法：回顾性总结分析123例经肾活检病理确诊为原发性IgA肾病的临床和病理资料。结果：123例IgA肾病患者在21岁～40岁年龄段发病率最高（占65.8%）;临床表现以发作性肉眼血尿最多见（占36.6%）;病理类型分级以Ⅱ级（56.1%）,Ⅲ级（20.3%）为主;病理类型与临床表现呈正相关（P〈0.01）;随着Lee氏病理分级程度的增高,血肌酐、血尿酸、血脂有不同程度的升高（P〈0.05）。结论：IgA肾病临床类型多样,其组织形态学改变轻重不一,宜尽早做肾活检以明确诊断,指导治疗。     

检测IgA-CIC对IgA肾病进行鉴别性分析的意义

IgA肾病的特点是在肾小球系膜区有IgA沉积,并有少量IgA、IgG-IgM和C3沉积。IgA肾病须经肾活检来确诊,但由于种种原因肾活检尚难以普及。本文旨在探讨不进行肾活检的情况下,怎样通过临床指标来鉴别IgA肾病,并寻求对鉴别IgA肾病与非IgA肾病的最有意义的临床指标。病人和方法:观察了56例IgA肾病患者和54例非IgA肾病的原发性慢性肾小球肾炎患者。IgA肾病组,男40例,女16例,年龄15.9～55.5岁;非IgA肾病组,男36例,女18例,平均14.1～68.6岁。所有患者均经肾活检明确诊断。用于IgA肾病与非IgA肾病鉴别分析的21项临     

不同年龄原发性IgA肾病患者临床与病理分析

目的:探讨原发性IgA肾病患者临床病理特点及其相关性。方法:回顾性分析130例我院住院患者,经肾活检病理确诊为原发性IgA肾病的临床及病理资料,年龄分为小于20岁组,21岁～30岁组,31岁～40岁组,40岁以上组。结果:IgA肾病患者在21岁～40岁年龄段发病率最高(占66.9%);临床表现中发作性肉眼血尿以11岁～20岁最多见(占80%);收缩压、舒张压、血尿酸、总胆固醇与各年龄组之间差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);40岁以上组肾小管萎缩、肾间质纤维化及动脉壁增厚变性比例高于其他三组(P<0.05)。结论:40岁以上的中老年人要特别注意血压、血尿酸、血脂情况,而且病理预后指标较差,应早期肾穿刺活检,对明确肾脏疾病的病理类型及施行不同的治疗方案均有十分重要的意义。     

新疆维吾尔族原发性IgA肾病临床及病理特点分析

目的探讨新疆维吾尔族和汉族原发性IgA肾病临床及病理特点。方法对1999年6月至2005年12月在本院肾内科住院并经肾活检确诊的原发性IgA肾病患者的临床表现及病理特征进行回顾性分析。结果维吾尔族和汉族原发性IgA肾病患者分别为46、71例，分别占同期同民族原发性肾小球疾病的5．59％和6．59％；汉族与维吾尔族在年龄、性别、常见诱因及病理类型、免疫复合物沉积方式及部位等方面有相似之处。镜下血尿和轻度蛋白尿发生比例均高，起病时肾功能正常或伴轻度损害。不同之处：维吾尔族患者起病年龄相对较轻；维吾尔族以肾病综合征为常见，而汉族发作性肉眼血尿比例高。维吾尔族患者肾组织活动期病变及慢性化病变程度均轻于汉族。结论IgA肾病同样是维吾尔族青壮年男性中常见的原发性肾小球肾炎。     

原发性膜性肾病合并IgA肾病两例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨原发性膜性肾病合并IgA肾病的临床表现以及病理特点,并指导临床治疗.方法 分析本院经过临床以及肾脏病理(包括光镜、免疫荧光和电镜)确诊的2例原发性膜性肾病合并IgA肾病患者的临床和病理资料,并进行文献复习.结果 两例患者均为青壮年男性,年龄分别为44岁和38岁,血压及肾功能均正常.例1表现为肾病综合征伴镜下血尿;例2表现为无症状性蛋白尿.两例患者临床上均除外继发性肾脏病,根据蛋白尿程度选用不同的治疗方案,效果良好.结论 原发性膜性肾病合并IgA肾病发病率较低,临床表现无特异性,兼具有膜性肾病和IgA肾病的病理特点.临床表现更似于膜性肾病,治疗方面则需要进行个体化的治疗.     

996例肾活检临床病理分析

目的 回顾性分析本院肾脏内科近10年肾活检病理类型及疾病谱变化.方法 收集2006年2月至2016年2月期间996例肾活检患者临床病理资料,分析肾脏疾病临床病理特点.结果 996例肾活检患者中,原发性肾小疾病760例,占76.31％,继发性肾小球疾病211例,占21.18％,肾小管间质性疾病22例,占2.21％,遗传性肾病3例,占0.30％.原发性肾小球疾病最常见病理类型为IgA肾病238例,占31.32％,其次为系膜增生性肾炎199例,占26.18％,膜性肾病127例,占16.71％.继发性肾小球疾病最常见为狼疮性肾炎76例,占36.02％,其次为紫癜性肾炎56例,占26.54％,乙肝相关性肾炎24例,占11.37％.原发性肾小球疾病临床表现最常见为肾病综合征446例,占58.68％,其次为慢性肾炎223例,占29.34％,隐匿性肾小球肾炎69例,占9.08％.结论 原发性肾小球疾病是目前临床最常见肾小球疾病,其病理类型以IgA肾病最为常见,近年来膜性肾病所占比例明显增高.继发性肾小球疾病以狼疮性肾炎最为常见,乙肝相关性肾炎所占比例较前增高.     

成人轻微尿检异常IgA肾病患者的临床与病理分析

目的临床怀疑为IgA肾病的轻微尿检异常患者是否需要肾活检一直有争议,本研究通过分析轻微尿检异常的IgA肾病患者临床表现与病理表现之间是否存在相关性,旨在进一步探讨肾活检对单纯轻微尿检异常IgA肾病患者的临床意义。方法临床表现为单纯轻微尿检异常且肾活检明确诊断的患者91例中,筛选达到明确病理诊断标准的患者77例,其中病理确诊为IgA肾病的患者53例,依其临床表现不同分为蛋白尿合并血尿组、单纯血尿组和单纯蛋白尿组,并采用Lee分级和牛津分类两种IgA肾病病理评估方法对其肾脏病理严重程度进行评价,且分别评价三种不同临床表现IgA肾病患者之间肾脏病理严重程度评分分布有无不同。结果 77例明确病理诊断标准的患者中,被诊断为IgA肾病患者53例(占68.8%),其中蛋白尿并血尿者39例(占73.6%),单纯血尿者5例(占9.4%),单纯蛋白尿者9例(占17.0%);53例轻微尿检异常IgA肾病患者中,病理分级以LeeⅢ级为最多(29例,占54.7%),其他依次为Ⅱ级(14例,占26.4%)和Ⅰ级(5例,占9.4%),而病变严重的Ⅳ级和V级,分别为2例(占3.8%)和3例(占5.7%);不同临床表现IgA肾病患者之间肾脏病理无论Lee分级还是牛津分布均无统计学差异(均P0.05)。结论鉴于临床表现不能作为鉴别肾脏病变轻重的依据,因此,怀疑IgA肾病的单纯尿检异常患者,应在无禁忌症的前提下尽可能行肾活检以明确诊断,以利于及时调整治疗方案。     

210例IgA肾病肾间质血管病变的临床病理分析

目的 探讨肾间质血管病变在IgA肾病中的临床病理意义.方法 总结本院肾内科1999年1月～2010年6月肾活检证实210例IgA肾病患者临床病理资料,分析肾血管病变与患者临床表现、病理改变之间的关系.结果 210例IgA肾病中有各种肾血管病变者71例,占33.8％,139例患者无血管病变,占66.2％.两者相比,前者高血压发生率较高(73.2％vs24.5％,P＜0.05),血肌酐水平较高[(132.5±20.8)μmol/L vs (86.4±15.2)μmol/L,P＜0.05],肾小球滤过率较低[(59.7±9.2)ml/min vs (83.1±12.6) ml/min,P＜0.05],两组间差异有统计学意义.在IgA肾病各亚型中血管病变发生率分别为:Ⅰ型6.0％;Ⅱ型43.9％;Ⅲ型6.9％;Ⅳ型40.8％;V型93.1％.x2检验表明其不同分布的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),并提示随着IgA肾病的组织病理加重,肾间质血管病变增多.结论 肾间质血管病变在IgA肾病中较为常见,并与IgA肾病的临床表现及病理改变密切相关,提示肾间质血管病变是影响IgA肾病进展的重要因素.     

120例IgA肾病临床表现与病理特点分析

目的：探讨IgA肾病患者临床表现、病理特点及其相关性。方法：回顾性总结我院肾内科2004年1月-2005年12月期间肾活检为原发性IgA肾病的临床和病理资料。结果：120例IgA肾病患者发病平均年龄为35岁,男女比例为3∶4,占我院同期肾活检的38.46%。有诱因发者40例（33.33%）,其中上呼吸道感染22例（55%）。临床表现多样化,以蛋白尿＋血尿型最常见,共60例（50%）,该型病理改变程度较重,Ⅲ级及Ⅳ级均占该型的43.3%。肾衰竭型18例（15%）,该型多伴高血压及较多量的蛋白尿（〉1.5g/24h）,病理分级多为Ⅳ-Ⅴ级。肾病综合征型为14例（11.67%）,病理分级Ⅳ-Ⅴ级者12例。单纯血尿型17例（14.17%）,病理分级以Ⅲ级（47.06%）多见。单纯蛋白尿型11例（9.17%）,病理分级亦以Ⅲ级（63.63%）多见。结论：IgA肾病发病率较高,大多在感染诱因下发作或加重。临床表现多样化,其中蛋白尿＋血尿型为最常见的临床表现。肾衰竭型（多伴有高血压、大量蛋白尿）的发病比例有增高趋势,该型预后不良,临床应根据病理结果积极治疗,以延缓肾衰竭进展。     

青年与老年2型糖尿病患者非糖尿病性肾脏损害的对比分析

目的探讨青年与老年2型糖尿病患者非糖尿病性肾脏损害的临床表现和病理特点。方法比较分析在我院进行。肾活检的10例青年（青年组,≤35岁）和15例老年（老年组,〉60岁）糖尿病患者非糖尿病性。肾脏损害的临床表现和病理特点。结果两组患者比较,合并非糖尿病性。肾脏损害中,临床表现为与糖尿病病程不相符的肾功能损伤者,青年组1例,而老年组10例。肾脏病理类型为IgA肾病者,青年组4例,老年组1例;病理类型为。肾小管间质性肾病者,青年组无1例,而老年组有6例,其中1例为亚急性、5例为慢性肾小管间质性。肾病。上述临床表现与病理类型之间比较,均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论青年糖尿病患者非糖尿病性。肾脏损害主要为IgA肾病（占40％）,老年糖尿病患者则主要为慢性肾小管间质性肾病（占41）％）,临床主要表现为与糖尿病病程不符合的肾功能损伤,由于起病早期未能发现,。肾活检时大多已呈慢性病变。     

豫琼两地原发性肾小球疾病病理类型的变迁对比及临床分析

目的 回顾性分析豫北地区及海南两地近12年原发性肾小球疾病疾病谱的构成演变特点及其意义.方法 分别收集2008年1月至2019年12月于新乡医学院第一附属医院及海南医学院第一附属医院经临床及肾活检诊断为原发性肾小球疾病3985例患者的临床及病理资料,并对其进行对比分析,根据年份分为2008年至2011年、2012年至2...     

IgA肾病520例临床病理分析

目的研究IgA肾病(IgAN)的临床和病理特点及其相互关系。方法对1992年11月～2003年6月温州医学院附属第一医院肾内科病理室肾活检诊断的原发性IgAN520例进行临床与病理分型关系的分析。结果520例IgAN临床表现以无症状性尿检异常最常见,占346例(66.5%),其次是慢性肾炎和肾病综合征,分别占77例(14.8%)和66例(12.7%)。病理类型以局灶节段硬化性肾小球肾炎最常见,占186例(35.8%),其次是系膜增生性肾小球肾炎、轻微病变肾小球肾炎和局灶节段增生性肾小球肾炎,分别为116例(22.3%)、104例(20%)和63例(12.1%)。结论IgAN的临床病理表现多样化并具有一定特点。临床表现最常见为无症状性尿检异常,在病理上最常见的是局灶性肾小球病变类型。     

强直性脊柱炎肾损害的临床病理特点

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎（AS）合并肾损害的临床及病理特点。方法回顾性分析18例经肾脏活体组织检查的AS患者的临床及肾脏病理表现。结果18例患者中,9例呈隐匿性肾小球肾炎表现,5例呈慢性肾小球肾炎表现,1例呈肾病综合征表现,3例为慢性肾功能不全;4例血压增高,14例血压正常。24h尿蛋白定量平均为（1．17±1．39）g。15例肾功能正常,3例肾功能异常患者血肌酐平均为（153．2±36．8）umol／L。8例患者血清IgA水平升高,10例c反应蛋白升高,13例红细胞沉降率（EsR）增快,且血清IgA水平和C反应蛋白呈正相关（r=0．707,P=0．001）,血清IgA水平和ESR呈正相关（r=0．858,P〈0．001）。病理检查结果发现15例为IgA肾病（其中10例为轻度系膜增生性肾炎,1例为轻度系膜增生性肾炎并慢性肾小管间质肾病,2例为局灶增生性肾炎,1例为局灶增生坏死性肾炎,1例为局灶节段性肾小球硬化症）,1例为膜性肾病,1例为局灶增生性肾炎伴慢性肾小管间质肾病,1例为慢性。肾小管间质肾病。有慢性肾小管间质肾病者均有服中药史。结论AS相关性肾损伤的病理改变多样,但主要为IgA肾病,也可表现为膜性肾病、局灶增生性肾炎和慢性肾小管间质。肾病,其肾损伤可能与AS疾病本身和（或）治疗用药相关。     

The spectrum of children's kidney diseases—9925 renal biopsy-proven cases from a single center of China between 2004 and 2017

Objective To analyze the spectrum of children's kidney pathology by renal biopsy. Methods The clinical and pathological data of the cases in Jinling Hospital involving the patients younger than 18 years old who received renal biopsy from April 1st, 2004 to December 31th, 2017 were retrospectively collected, and compared with the renal pathological data of 1611 children aged 0-18 years from June 1982 to March 2004. Results This study included 9925 cases of kidney diseases proven by renal biopsy. The ratio of male to female was 1.79∶1. Primary glomerulonephritis (PGN) accounted for 66.14%, and secondary glomerulonephritis (SGN) accounted for 28.00%. Top five of the PGN were IgA nephropathy (IgAN, 19.11%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 16.07%), minimal change disease (MCD, 14.20%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, 6.19%) and membranous nephropathy (MN, 4.70%) in whole children, IgAN (13.12%), MsPGN (11.20%), MCD(10.63%), FSGS (4.55%) and MN (2.54%) in males, and IgAN (5.99%), MsPGN (4.87%), MCD (3.57%), MN (2.16%) and FSGS (1.63%) in females. Top three of the SGN were Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis (HSPN, 17.74%), lupus nephritis (LN, 8.23%) and vasculitis nephropathy (1.82%). The male was in a dominant position in all kinds of pathologic types than female except LN. HSPN was the most frequent type in adolescents between 6-13 years old. LN was the commonest one in 14-18-year-old girls, while IgAN was the the most common in 14-18-year-old boys. Post infective nephritis was the most popular in 12-14-year-old teenagers. It was also found that MN ascended in female. When compared with the data before 2004, HSPN and LN accounted for a greater proportion in SGN, post infective nephritis displayed a smaller proportion. Conclusions PGN is the mainly kind of glomerular disease as before, and immune disorder related to glomerular diseases increase and post infective nephritis decreases in proportion. This study provides the reference and epidemic data for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of children's renal diseases.     

原发性干燥综合征肾损害

目的：探讨原发性干燥综合征（PSS）肾损害的临床与病理特征,提高对病的认识。方法：对38例PSS肾损害患进行肾活检并临床、实验室检查进行分析。结果：30／38为I型肾小管酸中毒（I型RTA）,9／30合并低钾性麻痹,8／30合并骨质疏松或病理性骨折,4／30并泌尿系结石。肾病综合征及肾小球肾炎（GN）分别为4及3例。免疫病理22／38阳性,肾小球基底膜及系膜区主见IgC、IgA、IgM及C3沉积;病理示慢性间质性肾炎23例,肾小球肾炎23例。结论：PSS肾损害时,肾小球肾炎并非少见,应重视。     

Detection of urinary macrophages expressing the CD16 (Fc gamma RIII) molecule: a novel marker of acute inflammatory glomerular injury

BACKGROUND: The CD16 antigen is the Fc gamma receptor III. CD14+CD16+ cells are proinflammatory monocytes/macrophages (Mo/M phi) that constitute a minor population in the peripheral blood of healthy individuals. Little is known about the expression of CD16 antigen on Mo/M phi in glomerulonephritis. METHODS: Flow cytometric analyses were performed on urine and blood samples obtained from 209 patients with various renal diseases. Patients variously suffered from rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis (RPGN), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), postinfectious acute glomerulonephritis (AGN), Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), IgA nephropathy (IgAN), membranous nephropathy (MN), minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), lupus nephritis (LN), acute interstitial nephritis, hereditary nephropathy, idiopathic renal hematuria (IRH), and renal stone. RESULTS: The CD16+ M phi population of cells was present in the urine of hematuria-positive patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis, including AGN, IgAN, RPGN, MPGN, and LN with acute inflammatory lesions, such as endocapillary proliferation, tuft necrosis, and cellular crescents. In contrast, the urinary CD16+ M phi population was negligible in hematuria-positive patients with nonproliferative renal disease, including hereditary nephropathy, IRH, and renal stone and also in patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis lacking acute inflammatory lesions. Total urinary M phi of these patients were much less than those of patients having proliferative glomerulonephritis with acute inflammatory lesions. Transient expansion of the CD16+ M phi population in urine was observed during the acute exacerbation of urinary abnormalities, whereas the disappearance of CD16+ M phi closely preceded the amelioration of urinary abnormalities in patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis. In 38 of the 98 patients positive for CD16+ M phi population in urine, the CD16+ Mo population was negligible in peripheral blood. Immunohistochemically, CD16+ M phi were present in the glomeruli of active proliferative glomerulonephritis, whereas such cells were absent in inactive proliferative glomerulonephritis or nonproliferative glomerular diseases. CONCLUSION: CD16+ M phi may be effector cells involved in the acute inflammation common to all types of proliferative glomerulonephritis. Furthermore, the detection of CD16+ M phi in urine, as well as urinary M phi counts, may serve as a useful indicator of the active stage of proliferative glomerulonephritis.     

近20年肾脏病理谱变化趋势的回顾性分析

目的 通过对近20年肾脏病理类型的回顾性分析,为我国肾脏疾病谱的构成及其演变趋势提供信息.方法 回顾性分析近20年我科因肾脏疾病行肾活检患者4 105例的病理类型,并比较1994年～2003年与2004年～2013年前后10年间肾脏病理类型的变化.病理分型参考WHO1995年肾小球疾病组织学分型方案和2001年在全国肾活检病理诊断研讨会上拟定的肾活检病理诊断标准指导意见,结合临床资料、实验室检查结果、免疫病理及超微结构改变特点明确诊断.结果 本组4 105例肾脏疾病患者行肾活检时的平均年龄（34.5±12.3）岁,男女比例为0.85∶1.本组原发性肾小球疾病者3 410例（占83.0％）,继发性肾小球疾病者516例（占12.6％）,遗传性肾脏疾病者42例（占1.0％）,肾小管间质疾病者76例（占1.9％）,新发现罕见肾脏疾病者10例（占0.2％）,未分类者51例（占1.3％）.原发性肾小球疾病以IgA肾病最为常见1 450例（占42.5％）,最常见的继发性肾脏病是狼疮肾炎254例（占49.2％）.近10年肾活检患者人数明显增加,年龄增高,平均年龄从（31.9±11.2）岁增至（35.1±12.5）岁,40岁以上患者数量明显增多.分析前后10年间各种原发及继发性肾脏病的检出率,证实IgA肾病、膜性肾病、局灶节段性肾小球硬化症、微小病变均增多（均P＜0.01）,而系膜增生性病变、增生硬化性肾小球肾炎、膜增生性肾小球肾炎、硬化性肾小球肾炎则减少（均P＜0.01）.近10年还发现了一些少见的肾脏疾病（如：胶原Ⅲ肾病、纤维性肾小球病、免疫触须样肾小球病、肾小球囊肿病、脂蛋白肾病等）.结论 原发性肾小球疾病仍为我国最常见的肾小球疾病,近10年来,肾脏疾病谱发生了变化,其变化可能与医疗水平的提高和实际发病率的改变有关.     

Idiopathic IgA nephropathy with diffuse crescent formation

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features and outcome of idiopathic IgA nephropathy with diffuse crescent formation in Chinese patients. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with diffuse crescentic IgA nephropathy (DCIgAN), 15 males and 10 females with median age of 28.5, and median disease duration of 5.1 months, were studied. Their clinical, laboratory and pathological features and outcome were investigated. Twenty-one were administered pulse immunosuppressive therapy, and 15 were followed up for more than 6 months. RESULTS: 1.14% had total IgA nephropathy, and 16.4% total diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis. Clinically, most of patients (88%) showed rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis associated with a high level of serum creatinine (418 +/- 264 micromol/l). Gross hematuria was noted in 72%, hypertension in 64%, and nephrotic syndrome in 48%. Pathologically, except for diffuse crescent formation (a median 65% and range 50-95%), we observed segmental necrosis of glomerular capillaries in 60%, glomerular infiltrating cells in 48%, endothelial cells proliferation in 32%, and rupture of Bowmans' capsule in 24%. Severe tubular interstitial damage was also found, tubular atrophy in 64%, interstitial fibrosis in 60%, diffuse interstitial infiltrating cells in 74%, and interstitial vasculitis in 40%. Immunopathologically, four phenotypes were observed; however, IgA associated with IgM deposition was higher than that in patients with general IgA nephropathy (IgAN). In addition, the infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, CD68+ and PCNA+ cells in renal tissue were significantly high compared with that in controls. In a follow-up study, 66.7% of patients had life-sustaining renal function, 4 of them had normal range of serum creatinine (<124 micromol/l), and only 5 were dialysis-dependent. CONCLUSIONS: The patients with crescentic IgA nephropathy mostly show rapidly progressive nephritis associated with more severe pathological changes including glomerular, tubular interstitial and vascular lesions than in patients with general IgAN. The infiltrates in glomeruli may contribute to the crescentic formation, and the intensive immune suppressing treatment is useful to improve renal damage in patients with DCIgAN.     

Spectrum of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in northwest China: a review of 30 years of experiences

Purpose

Large-scale, contemporary studies assessing the spectrum of kidney diseases in northwest China are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to assess the profile of 30-year temporal changes in biopsy-proven kidney diseases in northwest China.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included all patients with a native kidney biopsy specimen in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between 1989 and 2018. Data on demographic characteristics and pathological diagnosis were extracted from medical records and pathological reports. Changing patterns of kidney diseases over the study period and disease distributions in different gender and age groups were examined.

Results

This study included 13,620 patients with a mean age of 38.5?±?16.5 years and included 58.2% of men. Primary glomerulonephritis (PGN), second glomerulonephritis (SGN), tubulointerstitial disease, and other renal diseases accounted for 79.1, 18.3, 2.4, and 0.2% of all kidney diseases, respectively. In PGN, IgA nephropathy (IgAN) (25.1%) was the most common type, followed by non-IgA mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) (24.9%) and membranous nephropathy (MN) (17.4%). The frequency of MN dramatically increased (p?<?0.001) over the course of the study. Lupus nephritis (6.2%) and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) (4.9%) were leading SGN diagnosis. The frequencies of IgAN, non-IgA MsPGN, and HSPN declined, while those of ANCA/pauci-immune glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy significantly increased.

Conclusion

PGN continues to be the predominant kidney disease in northwest China, and IgAN is the most common type. The frequencies of MN and diabetic nephropathy significantly increased. These findings might be explained by behavioral and environmental exposures and provide implications on future hypothesis-driven research.