微波联合复方沙棘籽油栓治疗宫颈糜烂46例

目的观察复方沙棘籽油栓联合微波治疗宫颈糜烂的临床效果。方法将92例宫颈糜烂患者随机分为两组,治疗组46例采用微波联合复方沙棘籽油栓治疗,对照组46例单纯微波治疗,10d为1个疗程。随访2个月,观察术后阴道排液、出血及宫颈创面愈合情况。结果治疗组治愈率为86．96％,对照组为73．91％,两组患者术后阴道排液、出血及创面愈合时间比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论微波联合复方沙棘籽油栓治疗宫颈糜烂疗效肯定,可明显提高痊愈率,减少不良反应,值得临床推广。     

消糜栓治疗宫颈糜烂的疗效及安全性

目的：观察消糜栓治疗宫颈糜烂的疗效及安全性。方法：随机将112例宫颈糜烂患者分为治疗组63例、对照组50例,治疗组采用消糜栓,对照组采用复方沙棘籽油栓。结果：两种方法治疗宫颈糜烂的疗效差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论：消糜栓与复方沙棘籽油栓比较,消糜栓治疗宫颈糜烂疗效显著。     

复方沙棘籽油栓联合乳酸菌制剂治疗绝经后细菌性阴道病的观察

目的观察复方沙棘籽油栓联合乳酸菌制剂治疗绝经后患者细菌性阴道病的疗效。方法选择玉田县中医医院2011年3月～2013年3月间妇科门诊患者180例,按年龄分为两组：试验组（绝经后患者）与对照组（已婚育龄患者）各90例。两组均用复方沙棘籽油栓联合乳酸菌阴道胶囊治疗,观察治疗后的有效率及复发情况。结果试验组疗效略高于对照组,但复发率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。对照组仅一例出现外阴瘙痒,立即予以停药。结论复方沙棘籽油栓联合乳酸菌制剂治疗绝经后患者细菌性阴道病的疗效显著,复发率低。     

甲硝唑与微波治疗宫颈糜烂340例临床分析

目的 研究甲硝唑与微波在宫颈糜烂治疗中的效果。方法 按宫颈糜烂程度配对设计，将患者随机分为A组（微波治疗组）、B组（甲硝唑＋微波治疗组）。观察两组宫颈糜烂的治疗效果、术后阴道流液时间及阴道出血量的情况。结果 两组在轻度宫颈糜烂的痊愈率和总有效率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），对中、重度宫颈糜烂的痊愈率以B组为高（P〈0．05），其阴道流液时间较A组缩短（P〈0．05）。结论 对于中、重度宫颈糜烂的治疗，单用微波治疗，阴道流液时间较长，痊愈率相对偏低，应选用甲硝唑配合微波治疗。     

复方沙棘籽油栓治疗宫颈HPV感染的疗效观察

目的观察复方沙棘籽油栓对宫颈HPV感染的治疗效果。方法对166例经薄层液基细胞学（TCT）或电子阴道镜活检已除外CINm、原位癌、浸润癌的HPV检测阳性患者,均按美国阴道镜和宫颈病理学会（ASCCP）指南处理,其中34例CINⅠ～Ⅱ采取LEEP治疗,22例TCT结果为未明确意义的不典型鳞状上皮细胞（ASCUS）而阴道镜阴性结果者行微波治疗。在患者知情同意前提下,遵从自愿原则,将100例配合使用复方沙棘籽油栓治疗60～90天的患者作为治疗组,66例未使用该药物治疗者作为对照组（两组资料分布具有可比性）,分别于第6、12、18月复查HPV及TCT。比较两组间HPV转阴率和TCT情况。结果第6、12、18月治疗组HPV转阴率分别为85％、92％、92％,对照组分别为30％、51％、57％,差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）。治疗组TCT结果均正常,对照组2例异常,两组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论复方沙棘籽油栓对HPV感染有显著治疗作用。     

复方沙棘籽油栓联合微波治疗慢性宫颈炎合并HPV感染的观察和护理

目的探讨复方沙棘籽油栓联合微波治疗慢性宫颈炎合并HPV感染的临床疗效及护理方法。方法对患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组患者加强护理,观察复方沙棘籽油栓联合微波治疗慢性宫颈炎合并HPV感染453例的治疗效果等情况。结果治疗组和对照组的治愈率分别为97.80%和80.09%,经χ2检验,P〈0.01,差异有统计学意义;两组的阴道排液量及脱痂期出血时间比较均P〈0.01;治疗6个月HPV转阴率治疗组为96.92%,对照组为80.97%,P〈0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论复方沙棘籽油栓联合微波治疗慢性宫颈炎合并HPV感染在治疗的基础上,加强有效护理,能促进治愈,疗效显著。     

宫颈炎康栓联合微波治疗中重宫颈糜烂的效果观察

目的探讨宫颈炎康栓联合微波在治疗中重度宫颈糜烂中的治疗效果。方法选择门诊确诊的宫颈糜烂患者364例,随机分为2组：单纯微波治疗组（A组）182例和宫颈炎康栓联合微波治疗组（B组）182例,比较治疗效果。结果①治疗中重度糜烂,B组痊愈率为85．16％,h组为62．64％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,②B组对颗粒型和乳头型宫颈糜烂均有较高治愈率,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）;③术后阴道出血时间,阴道流液量,B组明显低于A组（P〈0．01）。结论宫颈炎康栓联合微波治疗宫颈糜烂创面愈合快,能提高治愈率,减少不良反应,值得临床推广。     

复方沙棘籽油栓治疗宫颈糜烂97例临床观察

目的观察复方沙棘籽油栓治疗宫颈糜烂的临床疗效。方法选择宫颈糜烂患者97例,给予复方沙棘籽油栓,每晚1枚置入阴道内,10d为1个疗程,2～3个疗程后观察其症状及疗效。结果 97例患者中,无效3例,总有效率为96.91%;轻、中、重度宫颈糜烂的总有效率分别为100.0%、93.9%和96.4%,3型比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;治疗后白带性状及性交出血等症状较治疗前明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论复方沙棘籽油栓治疗宫颈糜烂疗效确切,可有效改善白带异常等情况。     

复方沙棘籽油栓联合多功能红外治疗仪治疗宫颈糜烂疗效观察

对325例宫颈糜烂患者,随机分为A、B组,A组（观察组）联合采用复方沙棘籽油栓阴道上药及多功能红外治疗仪治疗,而B组（对照组）则单独使用多功能红外治疗仪治疗。结果表明,两组在治疗有效率上无显著性差异,而在术后阴道排液持续时间及出血反应上有显著差异,故而联合治疗值得提倡和推广。     

复方沙棘籽油栓联合达克宁栓治疗霉菌性阴道炎180例疗效观察

目的探讨复方沙棘籽油栓联合达克宁栓治疗阴道炎的疗效。方法选择我院就诊的180例霉菌性阴道炎患者,随机分组,分为复方沙棘籽油栓联合达克宁栓组及单独使用达克宁栓组,观察其疗效。结果联合使用复方沙棘籽油栓组复发率、起效时间、治愈时间明显优于单独使用达克宁栓组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论复方沙棘籽油栓联合达克宁栓可以在霉菌性阴道炎的治疗中推广应用。     

Retention in Treatment—Indicator or Illusion: An Essay

This article poses questions about the meaning of retention in substance user treatment. Retention has become a “gold standard” for substance user-treatment programs, suggesting it has become more than an indicator of positive outcomes, but a positive treatment outcome in its own right. Retention has been studied in numerous ways and has been associated with positive treatment outcomes, but questions remain about whether it has assumed greater importance than it merits. For example, it may be an artifact of other client personality characteristics that are also associated with more positive outcomes. Conversely, it may be a function of the interaction of treatment environment and client. This article suggests a need to broaden the scope of treatment-retention studies and to compare retention rates across other medical treatment environments to see if failure to complete treatment is a function of substance user treatment or of all treatment processes as well as other types of planned change processes.     

Measuring Practitioner Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Treatments: A Validation Study

A better understanding of clinicians’ attitudes toward evidence-based treatments (EBT) will presumably enhance the transfer of EBTs for substance-abusing adolescents from research to clinical application. The reliability and validity of two measures of therapist attitudes toward EBT were examined: the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (Aarons, 2004 Aarons , G. A. ( 2004 ). Mental health provider attitudes toward adoption of evidence-based practice: The Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS). Mental Health Services Research , 6 , 61 – 74 .[PubMed] , [Google Scholar]), and Attitudes Toward Psychotherapy Treatment Manuals Scale (Addis & Krasnow, 2000 Addis , M. E. , & Krasnow , A. D. ( 2000 ). A national survey of practicing psychologists’ attitudes toward psychotherapy treatment manuals. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 68 , 331 – 339 .[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Participants included 543 public sector, master's-level mental health and substance abuse therapists who treat adolescents. Factor analyses generally corroborated factor structures of the instruments found previously. Beliefs that EBTs negatively affect treatment process were associated with relatively low openness to new treatments and with beliefs that EBTs do not produce positive outcomes.     

痤疮的药物治疗评价

目的：对目前主要的治疗痤疮药物进行总结评价，为临床合理使用抗痤疮制剂提供参考依据。方法：检索、统计近年来国、内外相关文献。结果及结论：痤疮是一种慢性炎症性疾患，发病人数多，用药时间长，且常持续数年、迁延不愈对患者造成一定的心理负担。治疗中应根据痤疮的严重度分级合理选择药物，不主张单独应用外用抗生素以减少抗生素耐药的产生，推荐联合用药治疗痤疮。     

Examining Treatment Climate Across Prison-Based Substance Abuse Treatment Groups

Background: With notable exceptions, few studies have looked critically at the role and effects of factors other than individual or programmatic differences that contribute to the climate within substance abuse treatment programs. De Leon's work on the therapeutic community, however, indicates that factors beyond the individual and program can contribute to the overall functioning of similarly situated communities. Objectives: In this study, we introduce and examine the concept of the “treatment group,” the level of aggregation between the individual who participates in treatment and the organization that provides it. The treatment group refers to the social context and dynamics that operate among treatment participants, and we sought to study differences in treatment climate across 12 prison-based treatment groups within a single prison. Methods: Using data from 604 participants who were assigned at random to one of the 12 groups, we analyzed differences on seven treatment climate indicators from one month and six months into the program across the treatment groups. Results: No differences were found among the treatment groups at after one month; however, after 6 months, significant differences emerged across the groups on three treatment climate variables: program structure, counselor rapport, and counselor competence. Conclusions/Importance: This study is among the first of its kind to conceptualize and examine treatment climate across otherwise similar groups and find that differences emerge on several indicators of climate. As such, we argue that the treatment group may be important to consider in both the delivery and evaluation of substance abuse treatment.     

Financing strategies for drug abuse treatment programs

Contemporary drug abuse treatment programs exist in an extremely complex financing environment. Programs face a myriad of funding sources with different eligibility requirements and payment mechanisms that make it difficult for programs to develop a single financing strategy. To complicate the financing process, current funding sources are in a state of flux as managed care gains significance in health care reimbursement. This article will assist drug abuse treatment programs in several ways. First, it summarizes information about funding, eligibility requirements and payment mechanisms. Second, the information is geared toward drug treatment programs and less toward policymakers. Third, the article describes strategies for obtaining funding, including strategies for interacting with managed care. By using these methods for obtaining revenues, it is hoped the drug treatment programs will be able to increase their financing effectiveness.     

产后出血药物及手术治疗进展

产后出血在我国是目前产科最严重的并发症及孕产妇死亡的主要原因之一,其严重时直接危及产妇的生命。积极预防和控制产后出血是降低孕产妇死亡率的关键。目前临床治疗产后出血的药物及其他非药物方法 较多,其中药物治疗近年来得到很大进展,其中缩宫素、麦角新碱、前列腺素类药物是治疗产后出血的一线药物,另外一些辅助处理方法 也得到广泛应用,主要包括官腔填塞、官腔球囊压迫、血管结扎、介入治疗及子宫切除等,本文就产后出血的临床处理方法 进行综述。     

不稳定型心绞痛介入治疗疗效观察

目的比较经皮冠脉介入治疗(Percutaneouscoronaryintervention,PCI)和药物治疗不稳定型心绞痛(Unstableanginapectoris,UAP)的近期临床疗效。方法112例不稳定型心绞痛病人分两组,57例行PCI,55例给予阿司匹林、低分子肝素、硝酸酯类及β受体阻滞剂等治疗。分别观察两组病人临床症状和心电图变化以及6个月主要心血管事件的发生率。结果PCI组总有效率及显效率均显著高于药物治疗组(P<0.05),尤其是中高危病人,其主要心血管事件的发生率低于药物治疗组(P<0.01)。结论不稳定型心绞痛特别是中高危病人介入治疗优于药物治疗。     

贵州美沙酮维持治疗受治者间隔服药特点的观察

目的:了解贵州省8家美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊的受治者间隔服药特点。方法:采用队列研究设计,从2006年6月到2007年6月,对1003名贵州省8家MMT门诊受治者进行服药情况调查。结果:有87.1%、74.9%、60.6%和50.3%受治者分别有过连续3d、7d、15d和30d间隔不到门诊服药情况。结论:MMT受治者间隔服药现象十分普遍。     

What has psychology ever done for British alcohol studies?

Abstract

Over the past forty years there have been significant changes in our ways of conceptualising and responding to people with alcohol problems. This paper provides a personal perspective upon what those changes have been and upon the role of psychologists in generating them. Further, it highlights the significant role played by a small multidisciplinary forum, The New Directions in the Study of Alcohol Group, in supporting workers move towards those changes particularly in the United Kingdom.     

Treatment choices and subsequent attendance by substance-dependent patients who disengage from intensive outpatient treatment

In an effort to increase engagement in effective treatment, we offered a choice of alternate evidence-based treatments to 137 alcohol- or cocaine-dependent adults (110 males, 27 females), who entered an intensive outpatient programme (IOP) but disengaged within the first 8 weeks. We hypothesised that disengaged patients would choose and subsequently attend alternatives to IOP when given the chance, that their choices would be consistent with their previously-stated preferences, and that demographic and clinical characteristics would be predictive of alternatives chosen. Of 96 participants reached by phone, 19% chose no treatment; 49% chose to return to IOP; 24% chose individual psychotherapy; 6% chose telephone counselling; 2% chose naltrexone with medication management. There were few relationships between participant characteristics and choices made upon disengagement. Participants who chose alternative treatments were equally likely to attend their chosen treatment as those who chose IOP. Limited interest in alternative treatments may reflect allegiance to IOP, which was initially chosen by all participants. Implications for implementation of patient-centred adaptive treatment are discussed.