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1.
目的 探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子( bFGF)对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤( HIBD)的保护作用。方法 将 32只 7日龄Wistar大鼠分为4组:假手术组、HIBD组、 bFGF治疗组(分大剂量组17.5 μg/kg和小剂量组10 μg/kg),每组 8只。后3组动物制成 HIBD模型,给予治疗组大鼠连续 7 d腹腔注射 bFGF, HIBD组腹腔注射等体积生理盐水作为对照。全部大鼠于术后14 d处死,对脑纹状体、皮质的光镜下结构、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性变化进行观察和比较。结果 新生大鼠 HIBD后皮质、纹状体有选择性神经元坏死及胶质细胞增生, bFGF治疗组上述病变明显减轻; HIBD后纹状体、皮质神经元 AchE活性明显下降(-~+), bFGF组 AchE活性(+~++)较HIBD组恢复快; HIBD后纹状体神经元 ACP活性明显增高(+++), bFGF组 ACP活性(++)变化程度小于HIBD组。但大、小剂量bFGF治疗组未见明显差异。结论 bFGF能通过影响受损神经元的酶物质代谢而加快HIBD新生大鼠神经元的修复。 相似文献
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bFGF对缺氧缺血新生大鼠脑组织中SOD,MDA和NO的影响 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
目的 探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)治疗新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)的作用机制。方法 将72只7日龄Wistar大鼠随机分为三组,即假手术对照组(8只),HIBD组(32只),bFGF治疗组(32只),后两组常规制成HIBD模型,治疗组每日给bFGF腹腔注射,监测不同时间脑组织中SOD、MDA、及NO水平.结果 与假手术组相比,HIBD组脑组织中SOD明显降低,而MDA、NO明显升 相似文献
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内皮素和一氧化氮在缺氧缺血新生鼠脑损伤中的作用及高压氧治疗机制 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
为探讨急性缺氧新生鼠血浆内皮素(ET)和一氧化氮(NO)含量变化及其高压氧(HBO)干预治疗机理,应用缺氧新生鼠作为动物模型。结果:缺氧后脑组织含水量、血浆ET与NO水平均有所上升,HBO治疗可降低脑组织含水量、血浆ET及NO水平。但ET水平仍高于正常,同时脑组织含水量与血浆ET及NO水平之间呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.813及0.482。提示:缺氧性脑水肿的发生与NO及ET过量生成有关,HBO能减轻缺氧性脑水肿,其机理可能与抑制ET及NO生成相关。 相似文献
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高压氧治疗新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑病 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
49只新生大鼠HIE模型分成高压氧治疗组和对照组,分别于模型制作后48小时及七天处死,观察脑大体改变和脑含水量。结果显示,采用2.3ATA治疗三次有明显减轻脑水肿及脑软化作用。 相似文献
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缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)存活儿会留有脑性瘫痪、癫痫、智力低下等不同程度的后遗症。本实验对新生大鼠缺氧缺血后脑髓鞘化的程度进行观察,并在急性期应用药物干预治疗,观察其对脑发育的作用。材料和方法:7日龄Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为5组,每组6只,即:(1)假手术正常对照组(C组);(2)缺氧缺血组(HI组):结扎左侧颈总动脉,吸入含8%氧气的氮氧混合气体2小时,立即按体重腹腔内注射生理盐水;(3)16二磷酸果糖(FDP)组;(4)硫酸镁(MgSO4)组;(5)苯巴比妥(PB)组。至生后28天断… 相似文献
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一氧化氮合酶mRNA在缺氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉的表达 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
目的探讨一氧化氮体系在缺氧性肺动脉高压形成机制中的作用。方法采用地高辛精标记的一氧化氮合酶(NOS)cRNA探针对缺氧组大鼠(6只)及对照组大鼠(7只)进行原位杂交。结果缺氧2周后的大鼠肺动脉收缩压(3.8±0.7kPa)(28±5mmHg,1kPa=7.5mmHg)、肺动脉平均压(2.8±0.6kPa)及肺动脉舒张压(1.4±0.4kPa)与对照组(2.9±0.5kPa,1.9±0.5kPa及0.9±0.5kPa)相比均显著升高。缺氧组大鼠肺动脉内皮细胞中NOSmRNA表达信号为弱阳性(3只)及阴性(3只),平滑肌细胞中表达信号均为阴性;对照组大鼠肺动脉内皮细胞中NOSmRNA表达信号为阳性(7只),平滑肌细胞中表达信号均为阴性。NOSmRNA的表达强度与大鼠肺动脉收缩压、肺动脉平均压及肺动脉舒张压分别呈负相关(rs=-0.673、-0.596及-0.621,P均<0.05)。结论缺氧时肺动脉内皮细胞NOSmRNA表达的改变可能参与慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压的形成。 相似文献
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新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病血气血糖改变及其处理 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
80例缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)住院患儿在治疗开始前检测了血气、血糖,其中31例pH<7.30,30例PaCO2<4.66kPa,18例PaCO2>6.65kPa,1/2病例实际碱剩余(ABE)在-6.0以下。酸碱紊乱以代酸+呼碱最多共18例,代酸+呼酸15例,呼碱12例,重度组血气改变较轻、中度组有显著性差异。无论轻、中、重度病例,血糖均在正常的低值。 相似文献
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高压氧对改善新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病预后的作用 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
高压氧对改善新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病预后的作用山东胜利石油管理局中心医院儿科(东营,257034)张玉琢周明琪蒲蕾李惠娟方伟王宏应用高压氧(HBO)治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)已在国内普遍开展,高压氧对HIE患儿的远期预后效果如何,报道较少。本文总... 相似文献
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胎儿时期是各系统器官发育形成的关键时期,宫内生长环境的改变可导致胎儿-新生儿多系统器官损害,并与成人期疾病密切相关,包括神经系统损害(如脑发育障碍、功能异常及脑瘫等)、心血管系统损害(如冠心病、高血压等)、生长障碍与代谢性疾病(如胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病、肥胖症、生长发育障碍等)、泌尿系统损害(如肾间质性疾病、肾性高血压等)、呼吸系统损害(如呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管肺发育不良等)等,本文对此予以介绍,以助于临床医师对胎儿生长受限的认识及加强相关干预措施,提高其生存质量. 相似文献
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胆道闭锁患儿胆汁酸代谢异常可损伤肝细胞及胆管上皮细胞。熊去氧胆酸作为目前胆道闭锁手术后常规用药,其疗效及使用方法仍存在争议;胆汁酸甾体类核受体激动剂(奥贝胆酸)及非甾体类核受体激动剂(LJN-452)、肠道胆汁酸重吸收相关蛋白调控药物(A4250)、肝脏内胆汁酸转运蛋白、肾脏转运蛋白相关药物的开发研究近年来发展迅速,不少药物已开始临床Ⅱ、Ⅲ期试验,将来可能对胆道闭锁肝门空肠吻合术后逐步恢复胆流的患儿有一定帮助,成为胆道闭锁肝门空肠吻合术后新辅助用药。 相似文献
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Chen SC 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1998,65(1):13-20
Treatment of heart failure should include correction of the underlying cause. These causes include large left to right shunts,
obstructive lesions, arrhythmias, primary myocardial disease etc. The main pharmacological therapy includes inotropic agents,
vasodilators and diuretics. Inotropic agents increase myocardial contractility and include digoxin, intravenous dopamine,
dobutamine and isoproterenol. Vasodilators improve cardiac pump performance by decreasing the vascular resistance and/or increasing
the venous capacitance. Commonly used vasodilator agents include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (captopril, enalapril
etc.), hydralazine, prazosin hydrochloride etc. Diuretics inhibit salt and water reabsorption promoting their excretion. Furosemide,
thiazide diuretics, aldactone, are commonly used diuretics. Electrolyte and acid-base imbalance can occur on chronic diuretic
therapy. Cardiac transplantation is considered for patients where all medical management has failed. 相似文献
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Limbach HG Hasenfus A Bohle RM Baghai A Löffler G Gortner L Fries P Meyer S 《Klinische P?diatrie》2011,223(5):283-286
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a common complication in preterm neonates. If RDS is not responding to conventional treatment modalities (surfactant therapy, ventilatory support, etc.), an underlying pathology (pulmonary lymphangiectasia, capillary alveolar dysplasia, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, etc.) other then prematurity should be taken into consideration.Here, we report on a preterm neonate with the unusual simultaneous occurrence of pulmonary and systemic lymphangiectasia and homozygous alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency who developed severe RDS that was refractory to conventional treatment. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach in this patient is presented. 相似文献
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EKALAVYA computer program aims at high risk screening of under 5 children in Primary Health Centers by Community Health Workers
(CHWs) simulating existing programs like CSSM, ICDS etc. This integrates many common symptoms like fever, respiratory, diarrhea,
convulsions etc. along with health promotional aspects like growth, immunization etc. at Community Health Workers skills level.
EKALAVYA program was user friendly for CHWs who were trained in 2–3 weeks. CHWs with computer guidance were compared with
clinical evaluation of Research Team in 96 pediatric OPD cases in a teaching institution. Overall concordance was 91.66%.
Symptom wise and severity wise analysis also showed good concordance. The study also indicated training and programme errors
which could be easily corrected. EKALAVYA Program is now ready for field trial in PHCs for the guidance of CHWs in decision
making. 相似文献
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Four investigators conducted participative observation at 4 hamlets, representing 4 typical topography in the area, wet or dry near the river and wet or dry far from the river, in District Rambutan, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia from July 1988 up until February 1989 to study the community perception and practices on diarrheal diseases (DD). The observation was supported by focus group discussions and informal interviews. It was found that the causes of DD can be grouped into: dirty water; wrong (cold, hot, sting) food; part of the growth process; physical condition (extreme heat, cold wind and inner abnormality, inner heat, muscle strain), and supernatural. The type of DD can be grouped into: mild without vomiting named ngadi, negenteng-ngentengi, nambah kepacakan, etc which was linked to the growth process; more severe diarrhea, might be with fever (mising-mising, murus, mencret, etc); more severe diarrhea with severe vomiting (muntager, kolera); bloody/mucoid stool (disentri, mising tai angin, mising umbal). The community had also the concept of prolonged diarrhea named as menerus (literally meaning prolonged) Muntaber was more associated with bad water while the prolonged one was more associated with inner abnormality. The danger of diarrhea perceived was susut = shrinkage, lisut = emaciation. Pale and red hair with lisut were recognized as the dangers of prolonged diarrhea. The community did not associate these conditions with fluid loss. The management started by self medication using tapel (pasta of herb applied) to the stomach), decoct (daun jambu, akar teratai etc), solid oral preparation (cassava with raw sugar, rast rice, etc).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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儿童侵袭性真菌病( invasive fungal disease,IFD)往往缺乏特征性的临床表现及影像学改变,是ICU中不易早期诊断的严重疾病。IFD的临床诊断多是针对高危人群借助实验室检测做出的。IFD的实验室检查通常包括直接检测(涂片镜检、真菌培养、组织病理学检查等)、血清学检测(1,3-β-D葡聚糖检测、半乳甘露聚糖检测等),近年分子生物学检测也有一定发展。合理使用实验室检查及正确评价实验结果,是诊断IFD的关键之一。 相似文献
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新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)是一种常见的胃肠道急症,属于新生儿期严重危及生命的疾病之一.其发病原因尚不完全明确,主要有早产、喂养不当、肠道感染和菌群失调、缺氧缺血及再灌注损伤等.疾病的临床分期、呼吸衰竭等严重并发症、治疗方法等多种因素均会影响NEC患儿的预后.该文就近期相关研究展开综述,为NEC的早期诊断、临床观察及治疗提供线索. 相似文献
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急性肺损伤、急性呼吸窘迫时机体发生一系列的病理生理变化,研究者通过对相关临床、生化指标进行研究发现其中一些指标与预后密切相关.临床指标包括年龄、病因、器官功能不全、免疫抑制等.生化指标包括心功能指标氨基末端脑钠肽前体、心肌酶;凝血纤溶相关指标蛋白C;肺表面活性物质;氧化应激产物:一氧化氮、血管假性血友病因子、炎症因子等.利用这些指标可以判断疾病进展,为指导后续治疗提供依据. 相似文献
20.
Neonatal mortality statistics are frequently reported in 100-g increments of birth weight. We tabulated our mortality statistics using two methods of incrementation: 500 to 599 g, 600 to 699 g, 700 to 799 g, etc. (method A) and 501 to 600 g, 601 to 700 g, 701 to 800 g, etc (method B). In each 100-g weight group, the mortality was less using method B. The average reduction in mortality using method B was 4.1%. Use of the two different methods creates difficulty in making meaningful comparisons of various published reports. We recommend that all future studies use method A, as that method is more consistent with previous recommendations of the World Health Organization. 相似文献