多层螺旋CT灌注成像对肝硬化患者的效果观察

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT灌注成像在肝硬化患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2017年10月-2018年10月本院收治的114例肝硬化患者作为观察组,选取同期于本院体检的92例健康人员作为对照组。所有入选者均采取多层螺旋CT灌注成像扫描,主要包含肝脏各叶、主动脉、脾脏及门静脉层面,对比两组各项CT灌注参数及不同程度肝硬化患者CT灌注参数,主要包括肝动脉灌注量(HAP)、门静脉灌注量(PVP)、肝脏血流量(TBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)、肝动脉灌注指数(HPI)及总肝灌注量(TLP)。结果:观察组HAP、TBV、MTT及HPI水平均较对照组高,PVP和TLP水平均较对照组低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);根据Child-Pugh分级判定标准,114例肝硬化患者中,A级32例,B级45例,C级37例;A级、B级及C级患者HAP、PVP、HPI及TLP水平对比,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);A级、B级及C级患者TBV和MTT水平对比,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);A级患者HAP和TLP水平均较C级低,PVP和HPI水平均较C级高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:多层螺旋CT灌注成像在肝硬化患者的诊断中具有较高价值,可获取肝硬化患者肝脏形态及功能信息,明确肝脏供血情况,还可判定肝硬化患者的严重程度。     

CT灌注成像对肝硬化血流动力学分析及肝硬化程度评估的相关性研究

目的探讨CT动态灌注成像对肝硬化血流量动态变化分析及对肝硬化程度分级的价值。方法肝硬化患者21例采用Child-Pugh分级法进行肝硬化程度分级;对照组为无肝脏疾病者20例,选取同时含有肝脏、脾、主动脉和门静脉的层面进行CT动态增强扫描,计算肝脏血流量。结果对照组肝动脉灌注量（HAP）为（10.67±2.13）ml/（min.ml）,门静脉灌注量（PVP）为（76.15±7.89）ml/（min.ml）,总肝血流量（TLP）为（85.89±8.66）ml/（min.ml）,肝动脉灌注指数（HPI）为（14.32±3.01）%。肝硬化时HAP为（15.89±6.23）ml/（min.ml）,PVP为（52.16±16.76）ml/（min.ml）,TLP为（68.03±10.16）ml/（min.ml）,HPI为（26.19±12.96）%。肝硬化患者的HAP和HPI均较正常组升高,PVP、TLP较正常组降低。两组间比较均有统计学意义,肝硬化时肝血容量（TBV）、平均通过时间（MTT）较正常组升高,但无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;肝硬化时HPI与肝纤维化程度显著相关。结论 CT灌注参数与肝纤维化程度密切相关,CT灌注成像可以定量地反映肝脏的血流动力学改变并对肝纤维化程度进行评估。     

肝硬化患者64层螺旋CT全肝灌注成像研究

目的 探讨全肝灌注成像一站式检查方法评估肝硬化严重程度的可行性和显示肝血管及侧枝循环开放的价值.方法 前瞻性纳入经临床、其它影像检查证实为肝硬化的住院患者40例和正常检查者20例行全肝灌注扫描.利用CT肝脏灌注软件得到腹主动脉和门静脉时间-密度曲线(TDC)、肝脏感兴趣区(ROI)灌注参数值:肝动脉灌注量(HAP)、门静脉灌注量(HPP)、总肝灌注量(TLP)和肝动脉灌注指数(HPI),同时得到各灌注参数对应的伪彩图.测量正常组与肝硬化肝功能Child-Pugh分级各组腹主动脉和门静脉达峰时间、峰值及灌注参数;观察肝硬化门体侧枝循环开放情况.结果 肝硬化组较正常组腹主动脉及门静脉达峰时间延迟(P＜0.05),峰值减低(P＜0.05).HAP,肝硬化Child A级较正常组和Child B、C级升高(P＜0.05).HPP和TLP肝硬化组Child A～C级较正常组逐渐减低(P＜0.05).HPI,Child C级较其余3组升高(P＜0.05).肝硬化组中侧枝循环开放较多组HPP和TLP值较无或少侧支循环形放组升高(P＜0.05).结论 全肝灌注扫描可有效评估肝硬化肝功能损害的程度,重建得到的肝血管图像可显示肝血管全貌及门体侧枝循环开放情况.     

原发性肝癌320排容积CT灌注参数值与肿瘤体积及肝功能Child-Pugh分级的相关性

目的探讨原发性肝癌320排容积CT全肿瘤灌注参数值与肿瘤体积、瘤周肝组织灌注参数值的关系,并分析其与肝脏Child-Pugh分级的相关性。方法选择2013年1月至2015年1月于郑州大学第一附属医院行320排容积CT灌注成像的原发性肝癌患者47例,根据全肿瘤测量法计算肿瘤体积及瘤体、瘤周肝组织的肝动脉灌注量(HAP)、门静脉灌注量(PVP)及肝动脉灌注指数(HAPI),分析瘤体各灌注参数值与肿瘤体积及肝功能Child-Pugh分级的关系。结果肿瘤体积与全肿瘤灌注参数值、瘤周灌注参数值无相关性(P>0.05),全肿瘤灌注参数值与瘤周灌注参数值无相关性(P>0.05)。不同肝功能Child-Pugh分级患者的全肿瘤灌注参数值HAP、PVP及HAPI比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着肝功能Child-Pugh分级的增加,瘤体HAP及HAPI逐渐增加,而PVP逐渐减小(P<0.05)。结论原发性肝癌瘤体体积与全肿瘤灌注参数值、瘤周灌注参数值无相关性,全肿瘤灌注参数值与瘤周灌注参数值无相关性;不同肝脏Child-Pugh分级间的各灌注参数值存在差异,全肿瘤测量法获得的灌注参数值可作为反应肝脏储备功能的影像学指标。     

多层螺旋CT灌注评价肝癌患者肝储备功能及手术耐受性的意义

目的:探讨CT灌注成像在术前评价肝癌患者肝储备功能及手术耐受性的意义.方法:收集2005年1月～2008年12月在中南大学湘雅二医院行肝叶切除的原发性肝癌患者72例资料,通过测量肝动脉灌注量、门脉灌注量、总肝灌注量、肝脏灌注指数等指标,分析肝癌CT灌注成像特点和肝储备预测性能,并与Child-Pugh分级比较.结果:原发性肝癌CT灌注显像HAP(t=10.316,P=0.0001)和HPI(t=18.153,P=0.0001)高灌注,而在PVP(t=15.724,P=0.000 1)、TLP(t=8.728,P=0.0001)则呈低灌注.并且每项灌注参数都和Child-Pugh分级相关,相关系数rs分别为0.724(t=6.847,P=0.013)、-0.694(t=6.135,P=0.027)、-0.764(t=8.675,P=0.008)和0.733(t=7.156,P=0.011).4种灌注参数均能有效的进行预测肝储备功能,其ROC曲线下面积分别为0.869(P=0.0001)、0.772(P=0.0001)、0.835(P=0.0001)、0.846(P=0.0001).而HAP和Child-Pugh都能独立预测肝储备功能,并有一定互补性,串联诊断效果更好.结论:原发性肝癌CT灌注成像有典型的影像特征,能有效预测肝储备功能和手术耐受性,并且和Child-Pugh有一定互补性,联合预测可提高诊断效能.     

肝癌TACE术前后CT灌注成像评估肝储备功能的应用价值

目的探讨肝脏CT灌注成像评估肝癌TACE术前后肝储备功能的应用价值。材料和方法49例原发性肝癌患者于TACE术前3天及术后4周行肝脏CT灌注成像,分析CT灌注参数与肝纤维化、肝功能Child-Pugh分级及术后并发症的关系。结果肝功能Child-Pugh分级与肝动脉灌注、门静脉灌注、肝动脉灌注分数有显着的统计学差异及相关性（r=0.447、0.442、-0.267,均P〈0.05）,随着Child-Pugh分级升高,PVP逐渐减低而HAP及HP逐渐升高。HAP、HPI与血清透明质酸呈高度正相关（r=0.701、0.651,均P〈0.05）。术前肝动脉灌注分数大于25%共17例中7例（41%）术后恢复不良,占TACE术后肝功能恶化组9例中的77.7%。结论肝脏CT灌注成像可作为评估肝储备功能的重要影像学指针,有很好的术前指导意义。     

肝癌患者CT灌注成像与中医辨证分型的关系

[目的]观察肝癌患者的CT灌注成像与中医辨证分型的关系。[方法]把原发性肝癌患者按中医辨证分型,同时与肝脏CT灌注成像技术测量的病灶、病灶周围肝组织、以及远处处肝组织的灌注参数相对应,探讨其内在的规律。[结果]肝癌CT灌注参数在各证型之间存在明显差异,肝动脉灌注量(Hepatic arterial perfusion,HAP)、门脉灌注量(Portal venous perfusion,PVP)高低顺序依次为肝肾阴虚型湿热蕴结型型气滞血瘀型肝郁脾虚型,肝脏灌注指数(Hepaticperfusion index,HPI)HPI水平则是肝郁脾虚型气滞血瘀型湿热蕴结型肝肾阴虚型。Child-Pugh肝功能分级评分标准评分:肝郁脾虚型(5.34±1.46)分,气滞血瘀型(6.82±0.94)分,湿热蕴结型(8.34±1.12)分,肝肾阴虚型(9.01±1.19)分。Child-Pugh肝功能分级评分各证型之间存在明显差异(P0.05)。Child-Pugh分级与PVP、HAP呈正相关(P0.05);与HPI呈负相关(P0.05)。[结论]CT灌注参数可以作为中晚期肝癌辨证分型的客观指标。     

256层CT一站式检查评估肝硬化患者肝脏储备功能

目的 :探讨全肝灌注+肝脏体积一站式检查评价肝硬化患者肝脏储备功能的应用价值。方法 :肝功能正常组20例及肝硬化组23例均行256层CT全肝灌注和常规上腹部增强扫描,将灌注数据和增强门脉期薄层数据分别经Functional软件及肝段分析处理后,得出全肝灌注参数值和体积值,取各段灌注参数平均值作为全肝灌注参数值。对肝硬化组应用Child-pugh(C-P)分级进行分组,比较肝功能正常组与Child A、B、C各组间肝脏体积、全肝灌注参数的差异;并计算得出综合指标,分别与肝功能C-P分级分数进行相关性分析。结果:随着肝功能受损程度的加重,肝动脉灌注量(hepatic arterial perfusion,HAP)、肝动脉灌注指数(hepatic arterial perfusion index,HAPI)呈逐级上升,门静脉灌注量(hepatic portal perfusion,HPP)、肝总灌注量(total liver perfusion,TLP)、门静脉灌注指数(hepatic portal perfusion index,HPPI)呈逐级递减,相关性系数分别为:rHAP=0.382,rHAPI=0.841,rHPP=-0.761,rTLP=-0.594,rHPPI=-0.846;肝脏体积(liver volume,LV)、单位体表面积肝脏体积(liver volume per body surface area,LVs)呈逐级递减,rLV=-0.875,rLVs=-0.933;单位体表面积肝脏体积-门静脉灌注指数(volume hepatic portal perfusion index per body surface area,VHPPILs)呈逐级递减,rVHPPILs=-0.945。结论 :肝血流灌注及肝体积的改变与肝硬化临床分级相关,VHPPILs综合指标更全面地诠释了肝脏储备功能,可用于定量评估肝硬化患者肝脏整体储备功能。     

64排螺旋CT正常犬全肝灌注成像

目的 探讨64排螺旋CT全肝灌注模式成像测定健康犬肝脏血流量的可行性及准确性.方法 利用64排螺旋CT扫描仪,对12只健康中华田园犬行全肝灌注增强扫描,运用肝脏灌注分析软件计算得出时间密度曲线(TDC)及肝动脉灌注(HAP)、门静脉灌注(HPP)、总肝灌注(TLP)、肝动脉灌注指数(HPI)灌注彩图,并分别测定相应的灌注参数值以评价正常犬的肝脏血流动力学状态.结果 各脏器绘制的TDC形态具有一定的规律性.计算得到HAP(28.25±2.19)mL/(min·100 g),PVP( 53.53±10.71 )mL/(min·100g),TLP(S1.78±18.56)mL/(min·100g),HPI(0.30±0.16)％.结论 64排螺旋CT全肝灌注模式成像克服了以往灌注成像的不足,具有一定的优势,并且可以对健康犬肝脏进行准确的血流动力学测量.     

CT灌注成像与CTP评分在肝硬化肝储备功能评估中的相关性

目的 探讨Child-Turcotte-Pugh(CTP)评分与CT灌注成像在肝硬化患者肝储备功能评估中的相关性及其临床意义.方法 选择30例肝硬化患者(肝硬化组)及30例健康对照者(对照组),进行CTP评分,并行多层螺旋CT灌注扫描,计算灌注参数:门静脉灌注量(HPP)、肝动脉灌注量(HAP)、总肝灌注量(TLP)和肝动脉灌注指数(HPI),评价肝硬化患者的CT灌注成像各项参数与CTP评分之间的相关性.结果 肝硬化组与对照组比较,HPP [(0.4958±0.2313)vs(0.9356±0.2679) ml/min·ml,P=0.000]、TLP[(0.8437±0.3242)vs(1.1326±0.3720) ml/min·ml,P=0.022]均降低,差异有统计学意义.肝硬化组CTP评分与HPP(r=-0.793,P=0.000)、与TLP(r=-0.815,P=0.021)均呈负相关.结论 与CTP评分体系相比,CT灌注参数可反映肝硬化患者肝脏的血流灌注情况,对肝储备功能评估有一定指导作用.     

探讨脂肪肝供肝在肝脏移植中的价值

目的探讨应用不同脂肪沉着程度供肝对肝移植患者预后的影响。方法选取64例进行肝移植术患者,依据供肝浸润程度,随机分为轻度脂肪肝组、中度脂肪肝组、重度脂肪肝组、无脂肪肝组共四组,每组各16例,比较四组患者肝功能(主要观察ALT、AST指标)、入住ICU的平均时间、1年移植物成活率、移植物原发无功发生率。结果轻度脂肪肝组入住ICU的平均时间、ALT和AST水平、移植物原发无功发生率与无脂肪肝组接近;中度脂肪肝组入住ICU平均时间、ALT和AST水平均较轻度组和无脂肪肝组明显增高,P0.05;重度脂肪肝组入住ICU平均时间、ALT和AST水平、移植物原发无功发生率明显较前三组为高,P0.05。结论轻、中度肝脏脂肪浸入可作为肝移植供肝,重度脂肪肝不能作为供肝的选择目标。     

Microenvironment of Liver Regeneration in Liver Cancer

The occurrence and development of liver cancer are essentially the most serious outcomes of uncontrolled liver regeneration. The progression of liver cancer is inevitably related to the abnormal microenvironment of liver regeneration. The deterioration observed in the microenvironment of liver regeneration is a necessary condition for the occurrence, development and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, the use of a technique to prevent and treat liver cancer via changes in the microenvironment of liver regeneration is a novel strategy. This strategy would be an effective way to delay, prevent or even reverse cancer occurrence, development and metastasis through an improvement in the liver regeneration microenvironment along with the integrated regulation of multiple components, targets, levels, channels and time sequences. In addition, the treatment of "tonifying Shen (Kidney) to regulate liver regeneration and repair by affecting stem cells and their microenvironment" can regulate "the dynamic imbalance between the normal liver regeneration and the abnormal liver regeneration"; this would improve the microenvironment of liver regeneration, which is also a mechanism by which liver cancer may be prevented or treated.     

Liver

Alleviation of ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver donors by induction of exogenous hTERT gene;Effects of surgical technique on acute renal failure after orthotopic liver transplantation in patients with end-stage liver disease at high risk： a report of 90 eases;Timing for liver transplantation for chronic severe hepatitis;Analysis of bacterial variance and drug resistance after orthotopic liver transplantation;The influence of splenectomy on orthotopic liver transplantation and its management     

Liver

<正>209461 Intraoperative ligation of recipient’s portasystemic shunt in liver transplantation/Chen Litian(,Organ Transplant Center,Tianjin 1st Centr Hosp Tianjin 300192)…∥Chin J Gen Surg.-2009,25(4).-489～491Objective To investigate the clinical significance of ligating the portasystemic shunt confirmed by preoperative CT evaluation during orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods From January 2007 to August 2008,35 patients in Tianjin First Central Hospital underwent preoperative three-dimensional CT scan,among them 23 patients had spontaneous major portasystemic shunts,the other 12 patients did not have portasystemic shunts.16 out of the 23 cases with significant shunts underwent shunt ligation based on portal blood flow volume measured by intraoperative portal vein flowmetry.The shunt of the other 7 patients were left untreated.Results The portal blood flow in the 12 patients without portasystemic shunt judged by preoperative CT scanning were(1 101±70)ml/min.The shunts in 7 patients with portal blood flow greater than 1 000 ml/min were not ligated,that of the 16 patients with portal blood flow volume lower than 1 000 ml/min were ligated.The portal blood flow volume in those 16 patients before and after ligating the shunt were(657±112)ml/min and(1 136±161)ml/min,respectively(P<0.05).Postoperatively 2 patients suffered from portal vein thrombosis,among them 1 patients suffered from intermittent disturbance of consciousness,2 patients died within 3 months,with one died of respiratory failure from pulmonary aspergillus infection,one died of hepatic failure in 2 months after operation because of graft dysfunction.The other 19 patients with normal blood flow and well-functioning graft were alive.Conclusion The ligation of portasytemic shunt is mandatory in patients when pretransplant CT evaluation showing a major porto-systemic shunts and portal blood flow volume was less than 1 000 ml/min.5 refs,2 figs.     

Liver

<正>209293 Probing into indication of living-related Liver Transplantation for Wilson’s disease/Cheng Feng(Liver Transplant Center,1st Hosp Nanjing Med Univ,Key Lab Living Donor Liver Transplant,Minist Public Health,Nangjing 210029)…∥Chin J Surg.-2009,47(6).-437~440Objective To probe into indication of living-related liver transplantation(LRLT)for Wilson’s Disease.Methods From January 2001 to February 2007,thirty-seven living-related liver transplants were performed.A retrospective analysis was carried on outcome of those patients.The indications for LRLT were acute hepatic failure in 3 patients and chronic advanced liver disease in 32 patients including 13 patients with Wilsonian neurological manifestations.Two patients presented with severe Wilsoian neurological manifestations even though their liver functions were stable.According to the scoring system for evaluation of the neurological impairment in Wilsion disease based on neurological signs and functions(total score was 30),the pre-transplantation score of those patients with neurological manifestations was 15.9±4.3(n=15).Results Thirty-seven patients were followed up for 20-93 months.The survival rates of post-transplant patients and grafts at 1,3,and 5 year were 91.9%,83.8%,75.7%,and 86.5%,78.4%,75.7%,respectivly.Postoperative surgical complications occurred in 2 donors with bile leakage required drainage,in 2 recipients with hepatic thormbosis underwent retransplantation of cadeveric liver and in 1 recipient with hepatic stenosis required balloon dilatation.Neurological function was improved in all recipients and the score of posttransplantation at 6,12,18,24,and 30 months was 17.5±3.7(n=13);21.0±4.3(n=12);23.9±3.9(n=10);26.6±2.2(n=10)and 28.1±1.9(n=7)respectively.Conclusion Patients with acute hepatic failure or patients with severe liver disease unresponsive to chelation tratment should be treated with LRLT.Early transplantation in patients with an unsatisfactory response medical tratment may prevent irreversible neurologica     

脂肪肝患者血清肝纤维化指标分析

目的探讨脂肪肝患者血清肝纤维化指标特点，寻找可能引起脂肪肝肝纤维化改变的相关因素。方法记录脂肪肝组和正常对照组临床资料与血清生化指标以及肝纤维化指标，分析各项指标的异常及脂肪肝组肝纤维化指标及其他指标的相关关系。结果脂肪肝组和正常对照组血清生化指标和肝纤维化指标之间的比较：脂肪肝患者组血清FPG、TG、Tc、ALT、HA、LN、PCⅢ、CIV、CG与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。血清肝纤维化指标HA与年龄（≥50岁）、酗酒、男性、CG增高、ALT增高、高血压病有线性回归关系；血清肝纤维化指标LN与酗酒、肥胖、糖尿病有线性回归关系；血清肝纤维化指标CIV与高脂血症，ALT增高有线性回归关系；血清肝纤维化指标PcⅢ与年龄（I〉50岁）、高脂血症、高血压病有线性回归关系。结论通过多元线性回归分析显示：男性，年龄≥50岁，酗酒，肥胖，伴发高血压病、高脂血症、糖尿病，出现CG增高，ALT增高，可能是促进脂肪肝发生肝纤维化的危险因素。     

Liver

<正>209604 The suppressive effect of CD8+ CD28-regulatory T cells from spontaneous tolerance models on the acute rejection responses in rat liver transplantation/Chen Ning(陈宁,Dept Gastroenterol,Peking Univ Peop Hosp,Beijing 100044)…∥Chin J Organ Trans-plant. -2009,30(9). -524 ～526     

Liver

<正>209087 Clinical analysis of outcome of invasive fungal infection after kidney transplantation/Chen Guodong(陈国栋,Dept Transplant Surg,1st Hosp,Sun Yat sen Univ, Guangzhou 510080)…∥Chin J Organ Transplant. -2009, 30(10). -616～619 Objective To explore the outcome of invasive fungal infection in kidney transplantation and the influencing factors.     

Liver

Prevention and treatment of artery complication after liver transplantation by HBO , Clincal feature of cytomegabvirus pneumonia in orthtopic liver-transplantation and treatments, Risk factors of diabetes mellitus following orthotopic liver transplantation , Re-infection of hepatitis B virus after liver transplantation , Diagnosis and treatment of fungal infection after orthotopic liver transplantation , Two successful adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using dual grafts     

化肝汤1号治疗酒精性肝纤维化症状及肝功能改变

目的观察活血化瘀、软坚散结药配伍治疗肝纤维化时对患者主、次症状改变及肝功能的影响。方法将确诊为酒精性肝纤维化患者90例,随机分为三组,治疗组采用自制方剂化肝汤1号(醋鳖甲、黄芩、柴胡、赤芍等),对照组1采用凯西莱治疗,对照组2采用化肝汤1号和凯西莱联合治疗,疗程3个月。观察三组患者治疗前后主、次症状改善情况,血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、γ谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)变化。结果三组治疗后的临床疗效比较差异无统计学意义(H=2.5897,P>0.05)。三组治疗后肝功能指标均有改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论化肝汤1号可有效地降低肝细胞的损害程度,促进受损细胞修复,从而改善肝功能。