p15蛋白在骨巨细胞瘤中表达的研究

目的　研究p1 5蛋白在骨巨细胞瘤和骨软骨瘤中的表达 ,探讨其在骨肿瘤发生、发展中的作用。方法　采用S -P免疫组织化学方法对 42例骨巨细胞瘤p1 5蛋白进行检测 ,并与 2 0例骨软骨瘤标本作对照。结果　p1 5蛋白在骨巨细胞瘤中表达的阳性率为 43 % ,在骨软骨瘤中表达的阳性率为 1 5 %。骨巨细胞瘤中p1 5蛋白的表达与骨软骨瘤相比差异显著 ( χ2 =5 1 1 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　p1 5蛋白的表达可能与肿瘤的恶性度相关 ,在骨巨细胞瘤的发生、发展中起作用。     

p16、p27蛋白在骨巨细胞瘤和骨肉瘤中的表达

目的：探讨抑癌基因p16、p27在骨巨细胞瘤（GCT）和骨肉瘤（OS）中的蛋白表达特点及其在骨肿瘤发生中的意义。方法：应用SABC免疫组织化学方法检测p16、p27蛋白在16例骨肉瘤、46例骨巨细胞瘤（其中JaffeⅠ级18例、Ⅱ级6例、Ⅲ级12例）。中的表达。结果：p16和p27蛋白的阳性表达均定位于骨肉瘤细胞、骨巨细胞瘤的基质细胞的细胞核和细胞质内。在骨巨细胞瘤Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级和骨肉瘤中p16蛋白的阳性表达率依次为16．7％、62．5％、66．7％和25％;p27蛋白的阳性表达率依次为11．8％、56．3％、50％和25％。p26和p27蛋白的骨巨细胞瘤I级中的阳性表达率显著地低于Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级（P＜0．05）,p16蛋白在骨肉瘤与骨巨细胞瘤Ⅲ级之间的阳性率差异有显著性意义（P＜0．05）,而p27蛋白在骨肉瘤和骨巨细胞Ⅲ级之间的率差异则不具有显著性意义（P＞0．05）。结论：p16、p17基因在骨巨细胞瘤和骨肉瘤的发生中起重要作用,但其阳性表达率不足以单独作为判断恶性程度和预后的指标。     

葡萄糖转运蛋白-1在不同骨肿瘤中的表达

目的研究葡萄糖转运蛋白-1（GLUT-1）在正常骨组织及不同骨肿瘤标本中的表达情况。方法收集我院临床骨肉瘤标本30例，骨巨细胞瘤标本15例，骨样骨瘤标本10例及正常骨组织标本10例，采用免疫组化染色检测GLUT-1的分布。体外培养骨肉瘤细胞系MG63、临床骨肉瘤细胞、临床骨巨细胞瘤细胞及成骨细胞，RT-PCR检测GLUT-1基因的表达。结果免疫组化显示，骨肉瘤标本GLUT-1染色强阳性占总例数的53％；骨巨细胞瘤切片GLUT-1染色，阳性占总例数的60％；骨样骨瘤标本多为阴性，阴性占总例数的80％；正常骨组织中未见GLUT-1阳性表达。骨肉瘤明显高于与其余3组标本（χ^2=1．622，P=0．009；χ^2=34．667，P〈0．001，χ^2=40．000，P〈0．001）。RT-PCR显示，GLUT-1基因表达存在于MG63细胞、临床骨肉瘤细胞及骨巨细胞瘤中，而正常成骨细胞内并无GLUT-1表达。结论骨肿瘤中存在GLUT-1表达，且GLUT—1与骨肿瘤的恶性程度有较密切的关系。GLUT-1有可能作为判断骨肿瘤恶性程度参考指标及骨肿瘤治疗的新靶点。     

原发骨肿瘤端粒酶活性的检测及临床意义

目的:探讨端粒酶在原发骨肿瘤组织中的活性表达及临床意义.方法:采用TRAP-ELISA法对21例骨肉瘤、11例骨巨细胞瘤、9例软骨肉瘤、3例骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、1例脊索瘤、11例骨软骨瘤、5例骨样骨瘤、4例非骨化性纤维瘤、6例孤立性骨囊肿及7例正常骨组织进行端粒酶活性检测.结果:45例原发恶性骨肿瘤中有38例显示端粒酶活性,阳性率为84.4%,26例良性病变组织中只有2例骨软骨瘤具端粒酶活性,7例正常组织端粒酶表达均为阴性.结论:恶性骨肿瘤组织中端粒酶活性明显高于良性病变和正常组织,有可能成为恶性骨肿瘤的一种潜在性生化标志物和鉴别诊断的指标.     

骨肿瘤组织C-erbB-2原癌基因产物表达及临床意义

 应用S-P法观察了67例骨肿瘤标本C-erbB-2癌基因产物的表达。结果显示：20例良性骨软骨瘤呈阴。性反应，而侵袭性骨巨细胞瘤与骨肉瘤分别有48%、65%的阳性表达（P<0.001）。提示C-erbB-2原癌基因产物的表达与骨肿瘤的细胞生物学行为有关，随骨肿瘤的恶性程度增高，阳性表达频率显著性增加。进一步研究表明：C-erbB-2的阳性表达随骨巨细胞瘤病理分级提高，软组织受累和局部复发而明显增高；肿瘤＞5cm的骨肉瘤患者C－erbB－2的阳性率越高。C-erbB-2阳性表达的骨肉瘤患者预后较差。     

原发骨肿瘤端粒酶活性的检测及临床意义

目的：探讨端粒酶在原发骨肿瘤组织中的活性表达及临床意义。方法：采用TRAP-ELISA法对21例骨肉瘤、11例骨巨细胞瘤、9例软骨肉瘤、3例骨恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、1例脊索瘤、11例骨软骨瘤、5例骨样骨瘤、4例非骨化性纤维瘤、6例孤立性骨囊肿及7例正常骨组织进行端粒酶活性检测。结果：45例原发恶性骨肿瘤中有38例显示端粒酶活性,阳性率为84.4%,26例良性病变组织中只有2例骨软骨瘤具端粒酶活性,7例正常组织端粒酶表达均为阴性。结论：恶性骨肿瘤组织中端粒酶活性明显高于良性病变和正常组织,有可能成为恶性骨肿瘤的一种潜在性生化标志物和鉴别诊断的指标。     

埃兹蛋白在骨巨细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的：检测埃兹蛋白（Ezrin）在骨巨细胞瘤组织中的表达,探讨其临床意义。方法将本院2008年1月至2013年12月穿刺活检确诊的60例骨巨细胞瘤设为观察组,同期8例良性病变中的反应性新生骨、12例骨样骨瘤及11例骨母细胞瘤的瘤组织作为对照组,用 Western blotting 及实时 PCR 方法检测 Ezrin 蛋白及基因水平。60例骨巨细胞瘤患者接受瘤段切除加假体置换术,术前均接受2个疗程的化疗,观察化疗前后瘤组织线粒体形态的变化以及 Ezrin 蛋白和基因的变化。结果骨巨细胞瘤中Ezrin 蛋白阳性表达主要位于细胞质中,表达阳性率为76.7%,远高于良性病变中反应性新生骨的19.7%、骨样骨瘤的21.2%以及骨母细胞瘤的20.7%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.18,P =0.024）,良性病变中的反应性新生骨组、骨样骨瘤及骨母细胞瘤之间的 Ezrin 表达差异并无统计学意义（χ2=6.18, P =0.087）。化疗后骨巨细胞瘤组织中线粒体固缩及液态空泡现象较治疗前减少,Ezrin 蛋白表达减少,基因水平降低[（23.99±1.49）：（20.11±1.11）,t =5.03,P =0.018）]。结论 Ezrin 在骨巨细胞瘤的表达较其他良性骨肿瘤高,可能成为鉴别良恶性骨肿瘤的辅助生物学指标;对 Ezrin 的早期干预可能有助于骨巨细胞瘤的治疗。     

666例骨肿瘤发病原因的统计分析

作者通过天津医院近10年经病理证实的666树五种常见骨肿瘤（骨肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、骨软骨瘤、骨巨细胞瘤、软骨瘤），按性别、年龄、部位分布结果分析发现，骨肿瘤发病与人体骨干错端骨结构所受压应力异常有一定关系。五种常见骨肿瘤：骨肉瘤163例，软骨肉瘤对例，骨软骨瘤2（）例，软骨癌31例。0无例骨肿瘤，男女之比为骨肉瘤1．7：1，软骨肉瘤1．扣：1，骨软骨瘤1．幻：1，骨巨细胞瘤1．18：1，软骨瘤1．田河。五种骨肿瘤合计为1．56：1。发病以11岁一30岁年龄组最高。于刀岁后随年龄增长发病呈递减趋势。发病部位显示：股骨下端占第一位，股…     

1513例骨肿瘤及肿瘤样病变统计分析

 本文统计分析了骨肿瘤及肿瘤样病变1513例。其中良性骨肿瘤907例,占59.95%;恶性骨肿瘤450例,占29.74%;肿瘤样病变156例,占10.31%。三组病例都好发于11—40岁,男性较女性多见,为2。28:1。好发部位较多见于股骨、胫骨和肱骨,不同病变有不同的好发部位。良性骨肿瘤中以骨软骨瘤最多见,其次为骨巨细胞瘤。恶性骨肿瘤中以骨肉瘤最多见,其余依次为软骨肉瘤、转移癌、尤文氏瘤、骨髓瘤、骨纤维肉瘤、巨细胞瘤、脊索瘤、皮质旁骨肉瘤、网织细胞肉瘤。骨的肿瘤样病变包括嗜伊红性肉芽肿、骨纤维异常增殖症,弧立性骨囊肿和动脉瘤样骨囊肿。     

《中国骨肿瘤骨病》杂志2006年第五卷作者索引

(按汉语拼音字母顺序排列)B毕龙骨关节结核发病机制的相关实验研究(5):281C柴斌骨肉瘤中BMP-2、VEGF表达及与肺转移的关系(4):214陈蓟大鼠骨质疏松模型中血清瘦素与钙磷含相关性研究(4):233陈述伟PTEN、MMP-7在骨巨细胞瘤中的表达及其意义(4):204陈孙裕细胞因子与OPG、RANK、RANKL系统(1):49程明网状补片在骨软组织肿瘤切除后缺损修复中的应用(2):68D邓微恶性嗜铬细胞瘤骨转移—附骼骨转移1例报告(1):12F冯毅骨巨细胞瘤这p73、p15蛋白表达研究(6):348付燕赡骨的Langerhans细胞组织细胞增生症8例临床病理分析(2):95G龚维明转移…     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

Fruit and vegetables and cancer risk

The possibility that fruit and vegetables may help to reduce the risk of cancer has been studied for over 30 years, but no protective effects have been firmly established. For cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract, epidemiological studies have generally observed that people with a relatively high intake of fruit and vegetables have a moderately reduced risk, but these observations must be interpreted cautiously because of potential confounding by smoking and alcohol. For lung cancer, recent large prospective analyses with detailed adjustment for smoking have not shown a convincing association between fruit and vegetable intake and reduced risk. For other common cancers, including colorectal, breast and prostate cancer, epidemiological studies suggest little or no association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and risk. It is still possible that there are benefits to be identified: there could be benefits in populations with low average intakes of fruit and vegetables, such that those eating moderate amounts have a lower cancer risk than those eating very low amounts, and there could also be effects of particular nutrients in certain fruits and vegetables, as fruit and vegetables have very varied composition. Nutritional principles indicate that healthy diets should include at least moderate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but the available data suggest that general increases in fruit and vegetable intake would not have much effect on cancer rates, at least in well-nourished populations. Current advice in relation to diet and cancer should include the recommendation to consume adequate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but should put most emphasis on the well-established adverse effects of obesity and high alcohol intakes.     

New and emerging radiosensitizers and radioprotectors

The combination of chemotherapy and radiation has led to clinical breakthroughs in several disease sites, and current work continues to define optimum combinations of proven chemotherapy as well as more recently available, noncytotoxic agents. Administration of systemic therapies allows modulation of radiation response to improve tumor control (radiosensitization) or to prevent normal tissue toxicity (radioprotection). Substantial progress has been made in identifying the targets of standard chemotherapeutic radiation sensitizers and protectors as well as in the introduction of a new generation of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiation. We have reviewed the most recent, predominantly early phase clinical trials combining systemic agents with radiation. Although the proof of an improved schedule ultimately needs to come from well-run Phase III trials, the search among schedules could be shortened by the use of surrogate endpoints such as presence of active drug metabolites in the tumor. This has been accomplished only in a few cases and needs to become a more standard part of radiation sensitizer and protector trials.