混合型小细胞肺癌外科治疗后预后分析

  目的  探索混合型小细胞肺癌（C-SCLC）术后患者生存的预后影响因素。  方法  回顾性分析2010年1月至2014年12月在上海交通大学附属胸科医院行肺癌根治性切除及系统性淋巴结清扫C-SCLC患者的临床资料。  结果  共计78例患者入组,其中C-SCLC合并大细胞神经内分泌肿瘤（large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma,LCNEC）患者所占比例最多（n=42）,其次是C-SCLC合并鳞癌（SCC）患者（n=18）、C-SCLC合并腺癌（AC）患者（n=10）及C-SCLC合并腺鳞癌（ASC）患者（n=8）。本研究队列5年生存率（OS）39.1%。多因素Cox回归分析表明:肿瘤大小[ < 3 cm vs. >3 cm;危险度（HR）=0.406;95%可信区间（95%CI）:0.202~0.816;P= 0.011]、体力状态评分（ < 2 vs. >2;HR=0.113;95%CI:0.202-0.631;P=0.013）、混合性非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）成分（LCNEC vs.非LCNEC成分,HR=3.00;95%CI:0.096~0.483;P < 0.001）、病理分期（ⅢA期vs. Ⅰ期;HR=0.195,95%CI:0.063-0.602;P=0.004）及辅助治疗（是vs.否,HR=0.402;95%CI:0.195~0.831;P=0.014）为C-SCLC患者预后影响因素。  结论  混合型小细胞肺癌中的大细胞神经内分泌肿瘤成分会显著影响患者生存;术后辅助治疗明显有益于C-SCLC术后患者生存率的提高。      

三阴性对小肿块乳腺癌患者预后的影响

  目的  分析小肿块（直径≤1 cm）乳腺癌患者的临床及病理学特征,了解其生存状态,探讨三阴性对其预后的影响。  方法  收集本院收治的312例直径≤1 cm乳腺癌患者的临床病理学资料,比较三阴性乳腺癌及非三阴性乳腺癌的临床病理学特征、复发转移及生存情况。  结果  312例直径≤1 cm乳腺癌患者纳入研究,三阴组及非三阴组5年DFS分别为81.4%及90.5%（P= 0.038）,5年BCSS分别为84.7%及93.7%（P=0.047）。以淋巴结状态分组比较,淋巴结阴性患者中,三阴组及非三阴组5年DFS分别为82.8%及94.1%（P=0.033）,5年BCSS分别为85.0%及96.1%（P=0.019）。Cox比例风险模型多因素分析显示,淋巴结阳性患者复发转移风险增高（HR=3.721,95%CI:1.743~7.941,P=0.001）,死亡风险亦增高（HR=3.560,95%CI:1.521~8.330,P=0.003）,三阴性患者复发转移风险增高（HR=2.208,95%CI:1.028~4.742,P=0.042）。  结论  淋巴结阳性及三阴性是影响直径≤1 cm乳腺癌患者DFS的独立危险因素,淋巴结阳性是影响BCSS的唯一独立危险因素。淋巴结阴性三阴性乳腺癌组较非三阴组预后差。      

胃癌患者术前血小板分布宽度与临床病理特征及预后关系

  目的  活化的血小板参与肿瘤发生和进展,血小板分布宽度（platelet distribution width,PDW）是血小板活化的早期指标。本研究旨在探讨患者术前PDW对判断胃癌预后的价值。  方法  回顾分析2010年1月至2012年1月郑州大学第二附属医院收治的126例胃癌患者的临床资料。根据ROC曲线确定PDW临界值,分为低PDW组和高PDW组。采用单因素和Cox回归模型进行预后分析,评估PDW与无进展生存期（progression-free survival,PFS）及总生存期（overall survival,OS）的关系。  结果  两组患者在肿瘤分化程度、血小板计数方面比较,差异具有统计学意义。此外,降低的PDW与胃癌的PFS和OS缩短有关。在多因素Cox回归分析中,高PDW组的患者与低PDW组的患者相比,疾病进展风险下降（HR:0.562;95%CI:0.184~0.926;P=0.012）,死亡风险下降（HR:0.468;95%CI:0.263~0.834;P=0.010）。  结论  术前降低的PDW是胃癌预后不良的因素,可能成为胃癌预后的检测指标。      

术后放疗对T1~2期伴1~3枚淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者预后的影响

  目的   研究T1~2期伴1~3枚淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者的预后危险因素,并分析术后放疗对带有不同危险因素患者局部复发及生存的影响。   方法   回顾性分析2000年1月至2002年6月457例于天津医科大学肿瘤医院诊治的T1~2期伴1~3枚淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者的生存预后。通过Cox比例风险模型分析明确患者的独立预后因素,并以这些因素进行分层,通过生存分析探究放疗对不同亚组患者预后的影响。   结果   放疗对整体患者的生存（HR=0.949,95%CI:0.435~2.074,P=0.896）与复发（HR= 0.611,95%CI:0.231~1.614,P=0.320）不是独立有益因素,结外浸润（ECE）和组织学Ⅲ级是预后的独立危险因素。以这两个危险因素分别进行分层分析后发现放疗对具危险因素患者的预后有统计学意义（ECE+组OS:P=0.020,LRRFS:P=0.014;Grade Ⅲ组OS:P=0.002,LRRFS:P < 0.001;）对无危险因素组患者的预后无显著性差异（ECE-亚组OS:P=0.353,LRRFS:P=0.796;GradeⅠ~Ⅱ亚组OS:P=0.267,LRRFS:P=0.589）。   结论   结外浸润和组织学Ⅲ级是T1~2期伴1~3枚阳性淋巴结乳腺癌患者预后的危险因素,放疗可以明显改善这些带危险因素患者的无局部复发生存和总生存,而对于未发生结外浸润及组织学级Ⅰ~Ⅱ的患者,放疗对预后的影响无显著性差异。      

DNA损伤修复基因胚系突变乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效分析

  目的   分析携带DNA损伤修复（DNA damage repair,DDR）相关基因突变的乳腺癌患者对基础蒽环类新辅助化疗方案（anthracycline,A）、蒽环联合紫杉类新辅助化疗方案（anthracycline-taxane,A-T）、蒽环联合紫杉和铂类新辅助化疗方案（anthracycline-taxane/carboplatin,A-TP）的疗效反应。  方法  2003年10月至2015年5月,105例携带DDR基因胚系突变（非BRCA）的原发性乳腺癌患者在北京大学肿瘤医院分别接受A（n=69）、A-T（n=19）、A-TP（n=17）3种新辅助化疗方案。通过χ2检验或Fisher精确检验比较3组患者的病理完全缓解（pathological complete remission,pCR）率;采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox回归模型分析患者的乳腺癌特异生存（breast cancer-specific survival,BCSS）及无复发生存（recurrence-free survival,RFS）。  结果  93.3%（98/105）的患者接受了4～8个周期的新辅助化疗。接受A、A-T、A-TP新辅助方案的3组患者的pCR率分别为11.6%、21.1%和35.3%。A-TP组pCR率显著高于A组（P=0.028）,A-TP组pCR率也高于A-T组,但未达到统计学差异。经过65.6个月的中位随访, A-TP组的BCSS（HR=0.50,95%CI:0.09～2.73,P=0.41）和RFS（HR=0.51,95%CI:0.15～1.74,P=0.27）略优于A-T组,但无统计学差异。  结论   DDR基因胚系突变患者应用A-TP新辅助化疗方案可显著提高pCR率,加入铂类药物或可提高患者的药物反应性及预后 。       

改良HIPEC对预防局部进展期胃癌复发的作用及安全性评价

  目的  分析真实世界中改良腹腔热灌注化疗（hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,HIPEC）在预防进展期胃癌复发中的作用并评价其安全性。  方法  选取2017 年 8 月至 2020 年 11 月就诊于江南大学附属医院并行根治术后HIPEC的48 例ⅡB～ⅢC期胃癌患者作为HIPEC组;将同期80例根治术后仅接受静脉化疗的ⅡB～ⅢC期胃癌患者作为对照组,比较两组患者肿瘤无病生存期及不良反应的差异。  结果  HIPEC组3年复发率显著优于对照组（37.5% vs. 72.5%,P<0.05 ）;对照组中位无病生存期（disease-free survival,DFS）显著低于HIPEC组（ 17.2 vs. 25.4,P<0.05 ）。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示:HIPEC是预防进展期胃癌复发的独立保护因素（ HR=0.465,95%CI:0.269～0.803;P<0.01 ）;在热灌注治疗中选择白蛋白紫杉醇可显著减少肿瘤复发率（HR=0.385 ,95%CI:0.178～0.831;P=0.015）,HIPEC组骨髓抑制发生率更低 （HR=0.305,95%CI:0.136 ～ 0.682;P<0.05）。HIPEC主要的急性期不良反应为无菌性腹膜炎,部分患者远期出现肝功能异常,但两组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。  结论  根治术后行改良HIPEC可以改善中晚期胃癌患者的预后,其骨髓抑制的发生率更低,且该置管方法不良事件的发生可控,能满足治疗需要。而使用白蛋白紫杉醇作为HIPEC的药物似乎更能改善患者的预后。      

Gsα蛋白与腹膜假黏液瘤临床病理特征及预后的相关性研究

  目的  探讨鸟苷酸结合蛋白α亚基（guanine nucleotide binding protein alpha subunit,Gsα）表达与腹膜假黏液瘤（pseudomyxoma peritonei,PMP）主要临床病理特征及预后的相关性。  方法  收集首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院65例PMP患者病理标本,行常规组织病理学和定量免疫组织化学检测Gsα蛋白表达,研究Gsα蛋白表达与主要临床病理特征及预后的相关性。  结果  65例PMP肿瘤行定量免疫组织化学分析,Gsα高表达者35例（53.8%）,低表达者30例（46.2%）。单因素分析显示,Gsα高表达与下列5个临床病理指标呈正相关:术前肿瘤标志物（χ2=3.68,P=0.087）、术中腹水量（χ2=3.69,P=0.055）、腹膜癌指数评分（peritoneal cancer index,PCI）（χ2=3.12,P=0.077）、肿瘤细胞减灭程度评分（completeness of cytoreduction,CC）（χ2=2.72,P=0.099）、组织病理分级（χ2= 5.85,P=0.016）。多因素分析显示,Gsα蛋白高表达仅与组织病理分级呈独立正相关:高级别或高级别伴印戒细胞的组织病理类型（OR=3.47,95%CI:1.1 ～ 15.6,P=0.029）。Cox多因素分析显示,年龄（HR=8.08,95%CI:2.42 ～ 26.97,P=0.001）、既往手术（HR=0.24,95%CI:0.07 ～ 0.81,P=0.022）、组织病理分级（HR=3.92,95%CI:1.12 ～ 13.70,P=0.032）;Gsα蛋白表达（HR=3.25,95%CI:1.01 ～ 10.5,P=0.048）为独立预后因素。  结论  Gsα蛋白高表达与高级别或高级别伴印戒细胞的组织病理类型呈正相关,提示PMP预后不良。      

肿瘤细胞减灭术加腹腔热灌注化疗治疗腹膜假黏液瘤182例分析

  目的  腹膜假黏液瘤（pseudomyxoma peritonei,PMP）是一种主要来源于阑尾黏液性肿瘤的恶性肿瘤综合征,肿瘤细胞减灭术（cytoreductive surgery,CRS）加腹腔热灌注化疗（hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,HIPEC）是国际推荐的PMP标准治疗。本研究旨在评估CRS+HIPEC治疗PMP的疗效及围手术期安全性。  方法  研究首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院2001年1月至2008年5月采用CRS+HIPEC治疗182例PMP临床数据库,进行生存分析,通过单因素和多因素分析筛选独立预后因素,并分析围手术期安全性。  结果  182例PMP患者接受CRS+HIPEC治疗,低级别PMP 73例（40.1%）,部分低级别、部分高级别PMP 50例（27.5%）,高级别PMP 53例（29.1%）,PMP伴印戒细胞6例（3.3%）;中位腹膜癌指数（peritoneal cancer index,PCI）30分,PCI≥20分为134例（74.0%）;肿瘤细胞减灭程度（completeness of cytoreduction,CC）评分0~1分者为79例（44.1%）;死亡48例（26.4%）,生存134例（73.6%）,中位生存时间64.7个月（95%CI:43.1~84.3个月）。Cox多因素回归分析发现4个独立预后因素:年龄（HR=12.079,95%CI:1.605~90.916）、CC（HR=0.211,95%CI:0.069~0.641）、是否有吻合口（0个vs. >1个）（HR=5.519,95%CI:1.176~25.907）、吻合口数量（1个vs. >1个）（HR=7.543,95%CI:1.592~35.732）。围手术期死亡率、严重不良事件率分别为1.6%、19.8%。  结论  PMP患者在腹膜肿瘤专科单位接受CRS+HIPEC治疗,达到完全肿瘤细胞减灭,可延长生存,围手术期安全性可接受。      

首发单纯骨转移乳腺癌患者的临床病理特征及预后分析

  目的  探讨乳腺癌首发单纯骨转移（bone-only metastasis, BOM）患者的临床病理学特征及预后特点。  方法  回顾性分析2009年1月至2016年12月967例于天津医科大学肿瘤医院治疗的转移性乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料。分为180例BOM组与787例非BOM组, 对BOM组患者的预后因素行单因素分析和Cox回归模型多因素分析, 并根据激素受体（hormone receptor, HR）状态、转移数目及治疗方式行亚组分析。  结果  BOM组与非BOM组患者的中位无进展生存（progression-free survival, PFS）时间分别为19.4个月与10.0个月, BOM组中位总生存（overall survival, OS）时间为45.6个月。BOM组与非BOM组HR阳性患者分别占81.7%（147/180）与64.7%（509/787）（P < 0.001）。Cox回归模型多因素分析显示HR状态、转移位置、转移数目和治疗方式是BOM患者预后的独立影响因素。BOM组的HR阳性患者内分泌治疗（P=0.004）或联合治疗（P < 0.001）较单独化疗的预后更佳。影响BOM组HR阳性患者预后的主要因素为骨转移数目和内分泌治疗。单部位骨转移患者行内分泌治疗（P=0.004）或联合治疗（P= 0.002）较单独化疗的预后更佳, 多部位骨转移患者行联合治疗较单独化疗（P < 0.001）或内分泌治疗（P=0.04）的预后更佳。  结论  对于HR阳性BOM尤其是单部位骨转移患者, 单纯内分泌治疗可获得较为满意的疗效, 而对于多部位BOM则应考虑行联合治疗。      

21例原发乳腺弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的临床分析

  目的  探讨原发乳腺弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（primary breast diffuse large B cell lymphoma,PB-DLBCL）的临床特征、治疗方案及预后因素。  方法  回顾性分析2010年1月至2018年1月郑州大学第一附属医院收治的21例PB-DLBCL患者的临床病理资料。所有患者均为女性,中位年龄为49（21~77）岁,均接受化疗,其中17例接受CHOP方案,4例接受EPOCH方案。8例接受化疗序贯放疗,13例接受单纯化疗。采用Kaplan-Meier法及Cox回归模型进行多因素分析。  结果  21例患者无痛性肿块为主要表现。5年总生存率（overall survival,OS）和无进展生存率（progressione-free survival,PFS）分别为74%和66%。EPOCH方案与CHOP方案之间在复发或进展上的差异无统计学意义（P=0.603）。行预防性鞘内注射的患者无中枢神经系统复发,未行鞘内注射患者有2例中枢神经系统复发,差异无统计学意义（P=0.232）。单因素及多因素分析结果均显示,β2微球蛋白（HR=0.431,95%CI为0.432~ 0.967,P=0.044）和放疗（HR=0.495,95%CI为1.073~2.508,P=0.002）与PB-DLBCL的OS均相关。  结论  PB-DLBCL好发于女性,多累及单侧乳腺,主要表现为无痛性肿块。β2微球蛋白水平为不良的预后因素。化疗联合放疗可显著提高患者的生存期。鞘内注射对于预防中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的复发可能具有意义。      

Tumour-associated CD66b+ neutrophil count is an independent prognostic factor for recurrence in localised cervical cancer

Background:

The prognostic impact of tumour-promoting immune cells in cervical cancer is unclear.

Methods:

Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB and IIA cervical cancer patients (N=101) were assessed for tumour-associated CD66b⁺ neutrophils and CD163⁺ macrophages by immunohistochemistry in whole tissue sections using stereology. Results were correlated with previous results on tumour-infiltrating CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ lymphocytes in the same cohort with recurrence-free survival (RFS) as end point.

Results:

The highest densities of CD66b⁺ neutrophils and CD163⁺ macrophages were observed in the peritumoural compartment (median 53.1 cells mm⁻² and 1.3% area fraction, respectively). Above median peritumoural and stromal CD66b⁺ neutrophils and peritumoural CD163⁺ macrophages were significantly associated with short RFS. Multivariate analysis identified high peritumoural neutrophils (HR 2.27; 95% CI 1.09–4.75; P=0.03), low peritumoural CD8⁺ lymphocytes (HR 3.67; 95% CI 1.63–8.25; P=0.002), and lymph node metastases (HR 2.70; 95% CI 1.26–5.76; P=0.01) as independent prognostic factors for short RFS, whereas CD163⁺ macrophages were not significant. An index of combined intratumoral and peritumoral CD66b⁺ neutrophils to CD8⁺ lymphocytes had good discriminatory power for each quartile with 5-year RFS of 92%, 80%, 62%, and 44% (P=0.001).

Conclusion:

Tumour-associated neutrophil count is an independent prognostic factor for short RFS in localised cervical cancer. Combining CD66b and CD8 may further improve prognostic stratification. These findings require prospective validation.     

Predictive clinical outcome of the intratumoral CD66b-positive neutrophil-to-CD8-positive T-cell ratio in patients with resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer

BACKGROUND:

The role of the interaction between tumor cells and inflammatory cells in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is unclear. In this study, the authors assessed the prognostic impact of intratumoral cluster of differentiation 66b (carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule 8 [CD66b])‐positive neutrophils and of the intratumoral CD66b‐positive neutrophil‐to‐cluster of differentiation 8 (cell surface antigen T8 [CD8])‐positive lymphocytes (the CD66b‐positive neutrophil‐to‐CD8‐positive lymphocyte ratio [iNTR]) in patients with resectable NSCLC.

METHODS:

Expression levels of CD66b and CD8 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays consisting of 632 NSCLC specimens from patients who underwent curative surgery. The relation between clinicopathologic variables and patient outcome was assessed.

RESULTS:

Intratumoral CD66b‐positive neutrophils were elevated in 318 patients (50%). In univariate analysis, an increase in CD66b‐positive cells was associated with a high cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) (median CIR, 51 months for low CD66b‐positive cell density; 36 months for high CD66b‐positive cell density; P = .002) and trended toward worse overall survival (OS) (median OS, 57 months for low CD66b‐positive cell density; 54 months for high CD66b‐positive cell density; P = .088). The iNTR was elevated in 190 patients (30%). An increased iNTR was strongly associated with both a high CIR (median CIR: 43 months for an iNTR ≤1; 34 months for an iNTR >1; P < .0001) and poor OS (median OS: 60 months for an iNTR ≤1; 46 months for an iNTR >1; P < .0001). In multivariate analysis, independent prognostic factors for a higher CIR were high iNTR (hazard ratio [HR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56‐0.90; P = .005) and tumor stage >I, (HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.30‐0.52; P < .0001). Independent prognostic factors for worse OS were a high iNTR (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.54‐0.91; P = .007) and tumor stage >I (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.26‐0.47; P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:

The current results indicated that the iNTR is a novel, independent prognostic factor for a high rate of disease recurrence and poor OS in patients with resectable NSCLC. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.     

Prognostic significance of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD66b+ tumor-associated neutrophils in the invasive margins of stages I–III colorectal cancer

Tumor-infiltrating immune cells play an essential role in cancer progression and may help supplement the Tumor, Node, Metastasis (TNM) classification for cancer prognosis. Currently, there are numerous conflicting reports discussing the significance of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in colorectal cancer (CRC). In particular, the role of TANs in the invasive margin is unclear. The present study investigated the prognostic significance of CD66⁺ TANs and CD8⁺ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the invasive margin of 103 patients with CRC. By using immunohistochemistry, survival analysis was performed on CD8⁺ TILs and CD66⁺ TANs individually, as well as models including TILs and TANs simultaneously. The findings indicated that the densities of CD8⁺ TILs and CD66b⁺ TANs in the invasive margin may provide significant prognostic value for predicting survival. Moreover, the combined evaluation of CD8⁺ TILs and CD66b⁺ TANs in the invasive margin could further improve the validity for the prediction of oncological outcomes. In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that simultaneous low tumor infiltration by CD8⁺ TILs and CD66b⁺ was an independent predictive factor for overall survival (HR=4.17, 95% CI, 1.55-12.5; P=0.004) and disease-free survival (HR=2.75, 95% CI, 1.27-6.12; P=0.01). Given the importance of CD8⁺ TILs and CD66b⁺ TANs in the tumor microenvironment, the assessment of their densities in the invasive margin may serve as a valuable prognostic marker for CRC.     

Recurrence‐free and overall survival among elderly stage III colon cancer patients treated with CAPOX or capecitabine monotherapy

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of CAPOX and capecitabine on recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) among elderly stage III colon cancer patients and to evaluate the effect of (non‐)completion. Patients aged ≥70 years who underwent resection only or who were subsequently treated with CAPOX or capecitabine in 10 large non‐academic hospitals were included. RFS and OS were analyzed with Kaplan‐Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression adjusted for patient and tumor characteristics. 982 patients were included: 630 underwent surgery only, 191 received CAPOX and 161 received capecitabine. Five‐year RFS and OS did not differ between capecitabine and CAPOX (RFS: 63% vs. 60% (p = 0.91), adjusted HR = 0.99 (95%CI 0.68‐1.44); OS: 66% vs. 66% (p = 0.76), adjusted HR = 0.93 (95%CI 0.64–1.34)). After resection only, RFS was 38% and OS 37%. Completion rates were 48% for CAPOX and 68% for capecitabine. Three‐year RFS and OS did not differ between patients who discontinued CAPOX early and patients who completed treatment with CAPOX (RFS: 61% vs. 69% (p = 0.21), adjusted HR = 1.42 (95%CI 0.85–2.37); OS: 68% vs. 78% (p = 0.41), adjusted HR = 1.17 (95%CI 0.70–1.97)). Three‐year RFS and OS differed between patients who discontinued capecitabine early and patients who completed treatment with capecitabine (RFS: 54% vs. 72% (p = 0.01), adjusted HR = 2.07 (95%CI 1.11–3.84); OS: 65% vs. 80% (p = 0.01), adjusted HR = 2.00 (95%CI 1.12–3.59)). Receipt of CAPOX or capecitabine is associated with improved RFS and OS. The advantage does not differ by regimen. The addition of oxaliplatin might not be justified in elderly stage III colon cancer patients.     

Prognostic Role of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Background: Isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients suffering from a variety of different cancers have become hot biomarker topics. In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of CTCs in pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods: Initial literature was identified using Medlineand EMBASE. The primary data were hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS) and progression free survival/recurrence free survival (PFS/RFS). Results: A total of 9 eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis, published between 2002 and 2013. The estimated pooled HR and 95%CI for OS for all studies was 1.64 (95%CI 1.39-1.94, p<0.00001) and the pooled HR and 95%CI for RFS/DFS was 2.36 (95%CI 1.41-3.96, p<0.00001). The HRs and 95%CIs for OS and RFS/DFS in patients before treatment were 1.93 (95%CI 1.26-2.96, p=0.003) and 1.82 (95%CI 1.22-2.72, p=0.003), respectively. In patients receiving treatment, the HRs and 95%CI for OS and RFS/DFS were 1.37 (95%CI 1.00-1.86, p=0.05) and 1.89 (95%CI 1.01-3.51, p=0.05), respectively. Moreover, the pooled HR and 95%CI for OS in the post-treatment group was 2.20 (95%CI 0.80-6.02, p=0.13) and the pooled HR for RFS/DFS was 8.36 (95%CI 3.22-21.67, p<0.0001). Conclusions: The meta-analysis provided strong evidence supporting the proposition that CTCs detected in peripheral blood have a fine predictive role in pancreatic patients especially on the time point of post-treatment.     

不同基因分型晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的预后分析

背景与目的 非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)已由原来的组织分型指导下的治疗转变为基因分型指导治疗的模式,表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)和间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase,ALK)是肺癌最重要的两个驱动基因.本研究旨在探讨不同基因分型的复发或转移晚期NSCLC患者的临床特点及预后影响因素.方法 回顾性分析北京胸科医院2004年7月-2015年12月间553例EGFR和ALK基因状态明确的晚期NSCLC患者的临床资料,采用Cox比例风险回归模型对患者预后的独立影响因素进行分析.结果 553例细胞学或组织学证实的晚期NSCLC患者,EGFR突变患者227例,ALK阳性患者58例,EGFR和ALK双突变患者2例,EGFR和ALK野生型患者266例.227例EGFR突变患者的中位生存期(overall survival,OS)为28.7个月(95%CI:22.160-35.240),体能状态(performance status,PS)评分为0分-1分(HR=4.451;95%CI:2.112-9.382;P<0.001)、接受EGFR-酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKIs)靶向治疗(HR=2.785;95%CI:1.871-4.145;P<0.001)是EGFR突变患者生存的独立影响因素.58例ALK阳性患者的中位OS为15.5个月(95%CI:10.991-20.009),接受克唑替尼靶向治疗(P=0.022)是ALK阳性患者生存的独立影响因素.266例野生型患者的中位OS为12.1个月(95%CI:10.660-13.540),PS评分为0分-1分(HR=2.313;95%CI:1.380-3.877;P=0.001)、接受化疗(HR=1.911;95%CI:1.396-2.616;P<0.001)是野生型患者生存的独立影响因素.结论 不同基因型的晚期NSCLC患者的预后差异较大,靶向治疗可改善EGFR突变、ALK阳性患者生存.     

Gustave Roussy Immune评分评估不可切除食管鳞状细胞癌患者预后的价值

目的 探讨Gustave Roussy Immune评分(modified GRIm-Score,mGRIm-Score)评估不可切除食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,ESCC)患者预后的价值.方法 收集150例不可切除ESCC患者放化疗前的乳酸脱氢酶、中性粒细胞与淋...     

Prognostic implications of residual disease tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and residual cancer burden in triple-negative breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

BackgroundFor primary triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), higher pretreatment tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) correlates with increased pathologic complete response (pCR) rates, and improved survival. We evaluated the added prognostic value of residual disease (RD) TILs to residual cancer burden (RCB) in predicting survival post-NAC.Patients and methodsWe combined four TNBC NAC patient cohorts who did not achieve pCR. RD TILs were investigated for associations with recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) using Cox models with stromal TILs as a continuous variable (per 10% increment). The likelihood ratio test was used to evaluate added prognostic value of RD TILs.ResultsA total of 375 RD TNBC samples were evaluable for TILs and RCB. The median age was 50 years, with 62% receiving anthracycline/taxane chemotherapy. The RCB class after NAC was 11%, 50%, and 39% for I, II, and III, respectively. The median RD TIL level was 20% (IQR 10–40). There was a positive correlation between RD TIL levels and CD8+ T-cell density (ρ = 0.41). TIL levels were significantly lower with increasing post-NAC tumor (P = 0.005), nodal stage (P = 0.032), but did not differ by RCB class (P = 0.84). Higher RD TILs were significantly associated with improved RFS (HR: 0.86; 95% CI 0.79–0.92; P < 0.001), and improved OS (HR: 0.87; 95% CI 0.80–0.94; P < 0.001), and remained significant predictors in multivariate analysis (RFS P = 0.032; OS P = 0.038 for OS). RD TILs added significant prognostic value to multivariate models including RCB class (P < 0.001 for RFS; P = 0.021 for OS). The positive prognostic effect of RD TILs significantly differed by RCB class for RFS (P_Int=0.003) and OS (P_Int=0.008) with a greater magnitude of positive effect observed for RCB class II than class III.ConclusionsTIL levels in TNBC RD are significantly associated with improved RFS and OS and add further prognostic information to RCB class, particularly in RCB class II.     

强化造影定量灌注参数对子宫内膜癌的预后价值

目的:评估超声造影（contrast-enhanced ultrasonography,CEUS）定量指标对子宫内膜癌的预后价值。方法:2015年05月至2016年05月期间,共纳入112例行子宫内膜癌手术治疗的患者,记录术前CEUS的定量指标,包括增强强度（enhancement intensity,EI）、上升时间（rise time,RT）和增强率（enhancement rate,ER）以及其他临床指标。采用单因素和多因素COX分析,分析术后总生存期（overall survival,OS）和无复发生存期（recurrence-free survival,RFS）的危险因素。结果:根据ROC曲线得出ER的最佳临界值为1.8 dB/s,Kaplan-Meier生存曲线表明,高ER水平患者的RFS和OS比低ER水平的患者差（RFS:P＜0.001;OS:P=0.028）。在多因素COX分析中,ER是子宫内膜癌患者RFS（HR=1.82,95%CI:1.08~4.23,P＜0.001）和OS（HR=2.08,95%CI:1.01~5.77,P=0.018）的独立危险因素。结论:CEUS定量检测指标ER是子宫内膜癌术后患者生存的有效预测因子,可指导患者选择个性化的治疗方案。     

The Prognostic Value of Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objectives: Prognostic biomarkers in cervical cancer are widely investigated, including cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. However, their significance remains uncertain. This study aimed to determine the role of cervical cancer stem cell (CCSC) markers for survival. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42021237072) of studies reporting CCSC markers as the prognostic predictor based on PRISMA guidelines. We included English articles investigating associations of CCSCs expression in tissue tumor with overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) from PubMed, EBSCO, and The Cochrane Library databases. The quality of studies was analyzed based on Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results: From 413 publications, after study selection with inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 studies were included. High expressions of CCSC markers were associated with poor OS and DFS (HR= 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03 – 1.07, P <0.0001; HR= 1.31, 95% CI: 1.09 – 1.17, P <0.00001; respectively). Sub-analysis of individual CCSC markers indicated significant correlations between CD44 (HR= 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07 – 1.22, P 0.0001), SOX2 (HR= 1.58, 95% CI: 1.17 – 2.14, P 0.003), OCT4 (HR= 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01 – 1.06, P 0.008), ALDH1 (HR= 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13 – 1.64, P 0.001), and CD49f (HR= 3.02, 95% CI: 1.37 – 6.64, P 0.006) with worse OS; OCT4 (HR= 1.14, 95% CI 1.06 – 1.22, P 0.0003), SOX2 (HR= 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06 – 1.16, P <0.0001), and ALDH1 (HR= 1.22, 95% CI: 1.10 – 1.35, P 0.0002) with poor DFS. We did not conduct a meta-analysis for MSI-1 and CK17 because only one study investigated those markers. Conclusion: Expressions of OCT4, SOX2, and ALDH1 were associated with poor OS and DFS in cervical cancer tissue. These markers might have potential roles as prognostic biomarkers to predict unfavorable survival.