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1.
黄维  毕齐 《中国卒中杂志》2016,11(2):115-119
目的 研究不明原因栓塞性卒中(embolic stroke of undetermined source,ESUS)住院患者的一般情况、 危险因素及治疗情况。 方法 检索2003年1月至2014年12月在北京安贞医院神经内科住院的急性缺血性卒中患者,筛选其中符 合ESUS诊断标准的为ESUS组,其他卒中亚型为对照组,比较两组间一般情况、危险因素及治疗情况。 结果 共检出初发急性缺血性卒中1296例,筛选完成诊断ESUS必须检查项目患者200例,其中ESUS占 46.5%(93/200例),大动脉硬化性卒中26%(52/200例),心源性卒中25%(50/200例),腔隙性脑梗 死2.5%(5/200例),隐源性卒中(cryptogenic stroke,CS)0例;ESUS患者卒中危险因素与对照组比较 基本一致;ESUS患者中94.6%(88/93例)在住院期间及出院后二级预防应用抗血小板治疗,而5.4% 患者(5/93例)因梗死后渗血未应用抗栓治疗,所有入选ESUS的患者均未使用华法林或新型口服抗 凝剂抗凝治疗。 结论 ESUS作为新的卒中亚型在临床工作中并不少见,临床应完善诊断ESUS所需的检查项目,提高 其诊断率,进一步细化卒中亚型,从而提供更有针对性的治疗。  相似文献   

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<正>每年全世界有将近200万青年人发生卒中事件,青年缺血性卒中对家庭、社会和经济造成巨大的负担。与老年人卒中发病率逐年下降相反,流行病学资料表明,青年型卒中的发病率上升显著~([1])。这一现象提示对于青年型卒中危险因素(如高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、吸烟、肥胖等)的发现与干预至关重要,其中包括对于传统危险因素的控制以及发现新的卒中危险  相似文献   

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目的探讨影响不明原因性脑梗死患者预后的因素。方法选取不明原因性脑梗死住院患者148例,采用单因素及多因素分析方法,探讨分析其预后影响因素。结果多因素回归分析显示,糖尿病、右向左分流(RLS)阳性及入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分为原因不明性脑梗死患者预后独立危险因素。结论糖尿病、RLS阳性及入院时NIHSS评分与原因不明性脑梗死患者预后不良密切相关,易造成脑梗死复发或死亡。  相似文献   

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脂肪栓塞是一种罕见的临床栓塞综合征,近年来随着整形手术的不断开展,脂肪栓塞发生率有逐年上升趋势,逐渐引起人们重视。本文从脂肪栓塞机制及脂肪栓塞性卒中常见临床特点、影像学表现和治疗等方面,对脂肪栓塞性卒中进行了综述,旨在提高临床医师对脂肪栓塞高危患者的早期识别、早期诊断意识,为进一步合理治疗提供帮助。  相似文献   

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【摘要】
目的 探讨不明原因缺血性卒中患者左心房超声检查特点。
方法 连续入选我院不明原因缺血性卒中患者36例,选取同期健康志愿者35例作为对照组,两组均行经胸超声心动图检查,比较两组间左心房大小、面积及左心房射血分数、左心房压力等结构及功能指标。
结果 两组左心房内径、左心房面积均无统计学差异。不明原因缺血性卒中组左心房射血分数低于对照组[(61.13±11.42)% vs (65.15±10.12)%,P=0.043];左心房压高于对照组[(98.76± 21.89)mmHg vs (75.37± 26.98)mmHg,P=0.0414];左心房中部血流流速低于对照组[(57.50±4.03)cm/s vs (66.56±10.59)cm/s,P=0.035]。
结论 不明原因缺血性卒中患者存在左心房功能异常。  相似文献   

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住院患者缺血性卒中复发风险趋势分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的 运用埃森卒中风险评分(ESRS)对我院住院患者进行评估,观察2001-2008年间卒中复发风险变化趋势,同时调查强化抗血小板治疗在卒中复发高危患者中的运用情况.方法 回顾性分析在2001-2002年、2005年和2008年期间在我院住院的1008例非心源性缺血性卒中患者资料(2001-2002年377例,2005年315例,2008年316例).卒中复发高危风险定义为ESRS≥3,分别计算3组患者ESRS的平均分值和卒中复发高危患者(ESRS≥3)的比例,通过比较3组患者ESRS评分的变化来观察卒中复发风险变化趋势.同时,分析卒中复发高危风险患者中强化抗血小板药物氯吡格雷的使用情况.结果 3组患者ESRS评分分别为2.67±1.47(2001-2002年),3.55±1.40(2005年)和3.93±1.48(2008年),ESRS评分呈上升趋势(F=150.85,P=0.000).ESRS≥3的患者比例也呈显著升高趋势,分别为51.64%(2001-2002年),77.19%(2005年)和85.45%(2008年,x2=98.30,P=0.000).在构成ESRS的参数中,除年龄因素外,高血压、糖尿病、心肌梗死史、既往心脏病史、吸烟、外周血管病和既往卒中史等几项危险因素的比例均显著升高.强化抗血小板药物氯吡格雷的使用率显著增加,2008年达到25.63%,但低于同年缺血性卒中复发高危风险患者85.45%的比例.结论 本项研究显示,在2001-2008年期间,我院住院患者缺血性卒中复发风险呈升高趋势.在卒中二级预防中,运用复发风险分层,对卒中复发高危风险患者采用强化的抗血小板治疗具有重要作用.  相似文献   

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目的 探讨中国人群中首发和复发缺血性脑血管病患者的临床特征和卒中结局差异。 方法 本研究基于全国多中心前瞻性中国国家卒中登记研究Ⅲ(the third China national stroke regi stry,CNSR-Ⅲ),连续纳入2015年8月-2018年3月急性缺血性卒中或TIA患者,收集人口学信息、血 管危险因素、既往用药史及病因分型系统(causative classification system,CCS)等临床资料,记录随 访3个月和1年时卒中结局。卒中结局包括卒中复发(缺血性卒中或出血性卒中)、联合血管事件(卒中、 心肌梗死及血管性死亡事件)、脑血管病源性死亡及不良功能结局(mRS>2分)。依据患者既往是否 有卒中病史分为有卒中病史组和无卒中病史组,比较两组的临床特征及卒中结局差异,并分析卒中病 史与卒中结局间的关系。 结果 最终纳入15 166例患者,平均年龄62.2±11.3岁,其中女性4802例(31.7%);有卒中病史患者 3355例,无卒中病史患者11 811例。有卒中病史组患者年龄,冠心病、高血压、脂代谢紊乱、糖尿病、心 房颤动比例,既往用药史比例、入院NIHSS评分、住院期间降糖和降压治疗比例均高于无卒中病史组, 目前吸烟和重度饮酒比例、入院时LDL-C水平及住院期间抗血小板治疗比例低于无卒中病史组,差 异均有统计学意义。两组CCS分型的分布差异有统计学意义,其中有卒中病史组大动脉粥样硬化型和 心源性栓塞型卒中比例高于无卒中病史组。多因素分析结果显示,卒中病史是随访3个月不良功能结 局(校正OR 1.25,95%CI 1.09~1.44,P =0.002),随访1年卒中复发(校正HR 1.44,95%CI 1.25~1.67, P<0.001)、联合血管事件(校正HR 1.43,95%CI 1.24~1.64,P<0.001)、脑血管病源性死亡(校正 HR 1.42,95%CI 1.12~1.80,P =0.004)、不良功能结局(校正OR 1.63,95%CI 1.42~1.88,P<0.001)的 危险因素。 结论 有无卒中病史的缺血性卒中患者的临床特征及随访结局差异较大,尽管患者进行卒中二级 预防治疗,卒中病史仍然是患者1年卒中复发、联合血管事件、脑血管病源性死亡及不良功能结局的 危险因素。  相似文献   

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1病例介绍患者男性,32岁,右利手,因“突发一过性言语不能伴右侧肢体无力21天”于2017年12月18日入院。该患者发病时症状持续2 h完全缓解,于当地医院行头颅MRI检查(2017-12-01)示左侧颞顶叶散发点片状急性梗死灶(图1A),头颈部CTA及头部HR-MRI提示左侧颈内动脉起始处狭窄,颈动脉蹼可能,经胸超声心动图及24 h动态心电图检查未见异常,为进一步明确病因,遂来我院。  相似文献   

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目的 观察短期联合阿司匹林( ASA)和氯吡格雷(CPG)抗栓治疗对急性进展性缺血性卒中发生率的影响.方法 入选新发急性非心源性缺血性卒中患者100例,随机分为联合抗栓组(ASA联合CPG)51例和标准治疗组(ASA联合安慰剂)49例,分别测评患者入院时及入院后1周的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表( NIHSS)评分,比较两组间进展性卒中的发生率.结果 两组在基线资料方面无差异,联合抗栓组发生进展2例,标准治疗组发生进展5例,两组间进展性卒中发生率差异显著(P<0.05).结论 短期联合抗栓治疗可以降低急性进展性缺血性卒中的发生率.  相似文献   

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Introduction and Study Aim

Embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS) represent a rather recent diagnostic entity under clinical research for relapse prevention in cryptogenic stroke patients. Despite strict diagnostic criteria, ESUS definition ignores major clinical and radiological aspects, so including heterogeneous cases and probably influencing trial results. This study researches clinically relevant phenotypes among ESUS patients.

Patients and Methods

We evaluated ESUS patients admitted at Trento Stroke Unit over a 4-year period. Vascular risk factors (RFs), neurological deficit severity, presence of potential embolic sources, and ASCOD phenotype were recorded. Ischemic lesions were categorized considering their extension in 4 groups. Subgroup comparisons by predefined differences in age, amount of RFs, history of previous stroke, deficit severity, and stroke lesion extension were done.

Results

ESUS cases were 86. Patients younger than 50 years old (n?=?17) had a lower prevalence of RFs, left atrial enlargement, left ventricle diastolic dysfunction, a higher proportion of ASCOD score A0 (P < .05). Patients without RFs (n?=?18) differed from those with greater than or equal to 3 RFs (n?=?23) for a younger age and a lower prevalence of potential causes of embolism (P < .05). Patients without a previous stroke (n?=?70) were younger, had a lower prevalence of RFs, left ventricle diastolic dysfunction, a higher prevalence of ASCOD score A0 (P < .05). No differences were observed comparing minor and major clinical and radiological strokes.

Discussion and Conclusions

ESUS patients can be distinguished in 2 opposite phenotypes defined by a lower and a higher load of atherosclerotic pathology. They may suggest possible underlying pathogenic mechanisms and support interpretation of ongoing trials results.  相似文献   

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Background and Purpose

This study aimed to investigate factors associated with stroke recurrence and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS).

Methods

Between January 2005 and March 2012, a total of 1514 consecutive patients were admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke within 7 days after onset. Of these, 236 patients met the diagnostic criteria for ESUS. A retrospective analysis was performed of the following characteristics of these ESUS patients: medical history, comorbidities, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings including the deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensity (DSWMH) grade, drugs used for preventing recurrence, and clinical information such as NIH Stroke Scale scores on admission and outcomes evaluated by modified Rankin scale. The rate of recurrence after discharge and the frequency of new-onset AF were also determined.

Results

There were 236 ESUS patients (141 men, mean age 70.2 ± 12.1 years). During the follow-up period, ranging from 7 days to 12.9 years (median 54.3 months), 32 (13.6%) and 44 (18.6%) of these patients had a recurrent ischemic stroke and new-onset AF, respectively. The most prevalent subtype of recurrent ischemic stroke was ESUS itself; this type of stroke occurred in 19 (59.3%) patients. AF was observed at stroke recurrence, but only 2 patients were diagnosed with cardioembolism. Multivariate analysis with a Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated that DSWMH grade greater than or equal to 3 was significantly associated with both recurrent ischemic stroke (hazard ratio 3.66, 95% confidence interval 1.69-7.92, P = .001) and new-onset AF (2.00, 1.03-3.90, .04).

Conclusions

MRI classification of white matter hyperintensity could be effectively used as a predictor for recurrent ischemic stroke and new-onset AF in patients with ESUS.  相似文献   

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Background: Cryptogenic stroke, now defined as embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), represents about a quarter of all ischemic strokes and the reoccurrence is high. Understanding this stroke subtype better would likely guide treatment recommendations. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that left atrial (LA) shape and function at rest, as well as with exercise, are abnormal compared to matched normal controls. Methods: The study design was prospective enrollment of ESUS subjects who underwent measurement of LA function at rest and exercise by 2D and 3D echocardiograms. The exercise portion of the study was conducted using a ramped supine bicycle protocol during which LA function was measured. Stroke subjects were matched with normal subjects by age, gender, and body surface area. Results: Over a 1-year enrollment period, 18 ESUS patients met inclusionary criteria and were studied. Their average age was 58 years old and 44% were female. ESUS subjects have larger LA end-diastolic volume at rest (14 versus 11 mL/m2, P = .04) and with exercise (11 versus 6 mL/m2, P = .001) compared to normal controls. In ESUS, there was a lack of response to maximal exercise of LA function as measured by the LA ejection fraction (61% versus 73% P = .001) and the LA function index (.68 versus .82, P = .02). The 3D analysis showed spherical remodeling of the LA in ESUS. This remodeling was documented by the sphericity index, which was increased in both diastole (.40 versus .32, P = .02) and systole (.63 versus .71 P = .03). Conclusions: In support of our hypothesis, we found that ESUS subjects have LA dysfunction and remodeling at rest and exercise in comparison to healthy, matched controls. Evaluation of the left atrium in this high-risk stroke subtype has potential to inform stroke prevention strategies and to suggest pathways for research.  相似文献   

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