人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

人巨细胞病毒感染的药物防治进展

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)在人群中感染很普遍,常呈隐性或潜伏感染,但在人体免疫力低下或缺损时,可引起严重的HCNV病.随着抗HCMV药物的广泛应用,HCNV感染的防治取得了较大的进展,但耐药病毒株的不断出现也为HCMV感染的防治带来了新的挑战.此文对常用的抗HCMV药物作一介绍,并对耐药的问题及研发中的药物进行综述.     

单克隆抗体防治HCMV感染的研究进展

HCMV属于疱疹病毒科中结构最复杂的一种病毒,在大部分人群中存在隐性感染,当机体免疫力下降时将出现活动性HCMV感染,甚至危及患者生命。随着HCMV单克隆抗体的开发,人们对抗体作用机制有了更进一步的认识,国外已有多株抗HCMV单克隆抗体进入临床试验阶段。本文概述了单克隆抗体在活动性HCMV感染防治方面取得的研究进展,包括作用机制及进入临床试验的几种单克隆抗体。     

Cytomegalovirus infection after solid-organ transplantation, its risk factors, direct and indirect effects and prevention strategies

The human cytomegalovirus is widely prevalent among human population and it is the most common viral pathogen that affects both the graft's and solid-organ transplant recipient's survival. The risk is highest in donor-seropositive, recipient-seronegative pairing transplantation. These recipients carry increased risk of developing symptomatic primary CMV infection; however, other risk factors may have an impact on cytomegalovirus activation as well: intensity of immunosuppression, type of organ transplanted, rejection and/or treatment for rejection, HLA-mismatch between recipient and donor, certain HLA-types of the recipient, female sex etc. Cytomegalovirus infection in transplant patients has been associated with both direct (symptoms) and indirect effects which are derived from the immunomodulating impact of the virus such as cellular effects and cytokine expression or systemic immune suppression leading to other opportunistic infections. Prevention of the direct and indirect effects of cytomegalovirus infection is the therapeutic goal in transplanted patients. Most transplant centers use either universal prophylaxis or preemptive therapy to prevent the infection. The advantages and disadvantages of these two preventive strategies and current evidence-based recommendations for preventing cytomegalovirus disease in solid-organ transplant recipients are discussed according to others' and the authors' own observations. According to recommendations of the American and Canadian Societies of Transplantation, most of the centers--after analyzing of the CMV-infection risk factors of the recipients--divide them into three groups: high-, moderate- and low-risk groups. The preventive strategy is attached to the risk-group type. In the high-risk group (R-/D+ and lung transplant patients) the use of the universal prophylaxis is necessary. The patients administered anti-lymphocyte antibodies (ATG, ALG or OKT3) need selective (subtype of universal) prophylaxis. Among the moderate-risk patients (R+/D+ or R+/D-) the doctors may choose either universal prophylaxis or preemptive therapy. Selection of a strategy requires consideration of patient-specific factors as well as practical considerations such as available resources. For avoidance of the indirect effects of CMV infection universal prophylaxis is preferred. The use of preventive proceedings in low-risk patients is the matter of the center's decision.