16层螺旋CT诊断胫骨平台骨折的价值

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT三维重建及多平面重组(MPR)诊断胫骨平台骨折的临床应用价值。材料和方法:45例患者行16层螺旋CT扫描,并行三维重建和MPR。结果:45例胫骨平台骨折或可疑骨折中,经16层螺旋CT三维重建和MPR后清晰显示骨折43例,其中5例疑似胫骨平台骨折,3例确诊为微细骨折,2例正常。结论:16层螺旋CT三维重建和MPR图像,有利于诊断胫骨平台的细微骨折和评估胫骨平台劈裂骨折的程度,有助于骨科医生选择最佳手术入路、准确复位、内固定和植骨。     

螺旋CT三维重建在胫骨平台骨折中的临床应用

目的:探讨螺旋CT三维重建在胫骨平台骨折中的临床应用价值.材料和方法:用GE HiSpeed CT/i扫描机对50例胫骨平台骨折病人进行螺旋扫描,并进行表面遮盖显示法(SSD)三维重建.结果:50例胫骨平台骨折经螺旋CT三维重建后均清晰显示.根据三维重建图像,将胫骨平台分为四个象限,准确评估胫骨平台劈裂方向和塌陷的程度.结论:通过不同的螺旋CT三维重建图像,有利于评估胫骨平台劈裂骨折的程度,特别是显示骨折塌陷的部位和程度.将胫骨平台分为四个象限,有助于骨科医生选择最佳手术入路、准确复位、内固定和植骨.     

螺旋CT三维重建在胫骨平台骨折中的应用

目的 评价螺旋CT三维重建在胫骨平台骨折中的应用价值。方法 17例胫骨平台骨折患，均接受X线检查，螺旋CT扫描和三维重建。比较三的检查结果并与术中对照。结果 根据螺旋CT及三维重建图像的资料，平片漏诊2例，更正骨折分型2例，纠正误诊1例。三维重建图像在空间关系的显示上有明显优势。结论 螺旋CT三维重建能为胫骨平台骨折的诊断和治疗提供有价值的信息，有良好的前景。     

多层螺旋CT三维和多平面重建诊断胫骨平台骨折及临床应用价值

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT三维重建(3D)和多平面重建(MPR)技术对于胫骨平台骨折的诊断和临床应用价值。方法:对28例胫骨平台骨折患者进行螺旋CT薄层扫描,并在VITREA2医学影像后处理工作站进行3D及MPR重建。结果:28例胫骨平台骨折经3D及MPR成像后均能立体显示骨折的部位、形态、类型,关节面碎裂程度及关节面塌陷等空间信息。结论:多层螺旋CT3D和MPR重建有助于胫骨平台骨折的正确诊断和分型,对于临床选择治疗方案有重要意义。     

三维CT重建及MRI在复杂性胫骨平台骨折中的诊断价值

目的：探讨多层螺旋C T三维重建技术结合M RI在胫骨平台骨折诊断和治疗中的价值。方法收集87例胫骨平台骨折患者的X线平片、螺旋CT三维重建、MRI影像检查资料,比较分析MRI结合多层螺旋CT三维重建技术在临床诊断和治疗中的价值。结果在诊断正确率及分型符合率上,多层螺旋C T三维重建技术结合M RI均优于X线平片,并且M RI能明确显示韧带、关节软骨受损伤情况。结论多层螺旋C T 三维重建技术能直观、立体地显示胫骨平台骨折的形态,M RI能明确显示韧带、关节软骨受损伤情况。两者结合,有助于骨折的分型及手术方式的确定。     

多层螺旋CT三维重建技术和X线摄影在四肢骨折中的应用分析

目的 探讨CT三维重建技术与X线摄影在四肢骨折诊断中的应用价值。方法 对423例四肢骨折患者分别采用X线摄影、CT薄层扫描及CT三维重建进行检查,比较三种检查方法的图像阳性率。结果 423例患者经X线摄影、CT薄层扫描及CT三维重建检查后,CT三维重建检查的总阳性率（97.48%）明显高于X线摄影（82.60%）或CT薄层扫描（91.19%）,且差异具有统计学意义。研究表明采用VR和MPR的三维CT检查技术可以有效提高四肢骨折的诊断阳性率,尤其是对存在关节损伤或者胫骨平台骨折。结论 螺旋CT三维重建技术可以整体、直观地显示四肢骨关节骨折和脱位的特征。     

128层螺旋CT的MPR和VR在胫骨平台骨折中的应用

目的：探讨螺旋CT MPR和三维重建（3D-CT）技术在胫骨平台骨折中的临床应用。方法：回顾性分析经128层螺旋CT的MPR和3D技术证实的60例胫骨平台骨折病例。结果：所有胫骨平台骨折经3D及MPR成像后均能立体显示骨折的部位、形态、类型、关节面碎裂及塌陷程度等空间信息,较平片优越,与手术中所见一致。结论：螺旋CT的MPR及3D技术能够更精确地显示胫骨平台的骨折情况,对骨折的分型判断及治疗方法的选择具有指导意义。     

CT图像三维重建在复杂颈椎骨折的诊断和治疗中的应用价值

目的 直观立体地显示复杂颈椎骨折的图像,探讨螺旋CT医学图像三维重建在复杂颈椎骨折诊断中的价值及其对手术的指导意义。方法 对113例颈椎骨折采用螺旋CT进行薄层扫描和三维重建进行诊断。CT扫描全部采用Siemens SOMATOM Sensation 16型多排高速螺旋CT机,1.0mm层厚。扫描所得断层资料,通过网络传送至计算机工作站处理。采用Window.NT 3.51平台上Insight三维重建软件进行三维重建。结果 三维CT图像能够围绕X轴和Z轴任意旋转、切割,以从不同角度观察,能够清晰显示复杂的颈椎骨折和狭窄椎管的解剖形态特点。结论 三维CT重建在颈椎骨折方面具有较大的临床应用价值,有助于提高颈椎骨折手术的安全性和精确性,并对患者预后的估计提供帮助。     

螺旋CT多模式三维重建诊断胫骨平台骨折的价值

目的 探讨螺旋CT扫描容积数据与三维重建诊断胫骨平台骨折的价值.方法 收集37例胫骨平台骨折患者的X线平片,螺旋CT影像资料,对照术中所见,分析、比较螺旋CT的优势.结果 X线平片2例无法明确诊断,分型错误8例,螺旋CT三维重建组诊断及分型均正确.结论 螺旋CT三维重建能提供诊断胫骨平台骨折更全面精确的信息,对指导治疗方法的选择具有重要意义.     

16层螺旋CT及其后处理功能在胫骨平台骨折中的应用

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT及其图像后处理功能在胫骨平台骨折中的临床应用价值。方法:36例胫骨平台骨折患者,均接受X线检查、16层螺旋CT扫描和扫描后图像后处理,比较两者的检查结果,并与术中所见对照。结果:依据16层螺旋CT及重建图像的资料,平片漏诊2例,更正骨折分型6例。轴位图像是诊断的基础,重建图像在空间关系的显示上具有优势。结论:16层螺旋CT及其图像后处理功能为胫骨平台骨折的诊断和治疗提供更有价值的信息。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.