肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT表现

目的探讨肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤CT表现,旨在提高其诊断准确率。方法搜集11例经病理证实的肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤的CT资料进行回顾分析,所有病例均行MSCT多期扫描(平扫、增强皮质期及实质期),其中2例进行了排泄期增强扫描。结果 11例肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤均单发,病灶最大径约1.3～14.0cm;平扫显示密度均匀7例,密度不均匀且中央可见不规则瘢痕者4例,其中瘢痕内钙化者3例;所有病例增强后皮质期均显示肿瘤实质明显强化,但强化程度低于肾皮质10～50HU,而实质期病灶强化程度减低;增强扫描显示中央瘢痕者6例,低密度假包膜者6例。结论肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤有一定的CT特征性表现,病灶中心瘢痕,瘢痕内钙化及假包膜可提示嗜酸性细胞腺瘤的诊断。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT、MRI表现

目的探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT、MRI表现,提高对本病的认识。方法回顾性分析经病理证实的8例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT或MRI表现,其中5例行CT平扫及多期动态增强扫描,3例行动态MRI增强扫描,包括平扫、肾皮质期、肾实质期及排泄期。结果 8例患者肿瘤均为单发,肿瘤最大横截面的直径为2.0~10.0cm;5例CT扫描肿瘤中3例可见钙化;动态增强中肿瘤强化峰值4例出现于肾皮质期、4例出现于肾实质期,纤维瘢痕呈进行性强化;2例MRI扫描肿瘤可见包膜;排泄期肿瘤密度或信号趋于均匀,与肾实质分界清晰。结论肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT和MRI表现一定的特异性,有助于与肾癌相鉴别。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的MSCT表现及病理基础

目的:分析8例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤(renal oncocytoma,RO)的SCT表现和病理特点,以提高CT对该病诊断的准确性。方法:8例均经手术病理证实,CT全肾平扫后行皮质期、实质期动态增强扫描。结果:CT平扫7个病灶为等密度,1个为略高密度,内见低密度影。皮质期所有病灶均强化,2个病灶出现"车辐征",5个出现中心瘢痕。实质期所有病灶密度明显低于肾实质,6个病灶强化明显减低。结论:SCT能显示RO的某些特征,有助于术前诊断。     

肾脏嗜酸细胞腺瘤影像学分析

目的探讨肾脏嗜酸细胞腺瘤的影像学表现,提高对肾脏嗜酸性细胞瘤的影像诊断水平。方法回顾性分析本院经手术病理证实的16例肾脏嗜酸细胞腺瘤的影像学表现,并与手术病理进行对比分析。结果 CT平扫病灶多呈等密度,个别肿瘤边缘可见钙化,CT增强扫描9例为均匀强化,7例为不均匀强化,其中8例在增强扫描皮髓期表现病灶中央星状瘢痕;平扫T1WI病灶呈等低信号,其中8例中央裂隙状疤痕呈更低信号,T2WI病灶呈等或高低混杂信号,中央疤痕呈裂隙状高信号,MR增强扫描9例明显均匀强化,7例不均匀强化,但肿瘤实质部分强化均匀,中央疤痕无强化,或延迟强化。结论肾脏嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种良性肿瘤,位于肾皮质区,可向肾外突出,边界清楚。平扫肿瘤呈等密度或信号,增强扫描肿瘤实性部分均匀强化,中央出现星状疤痕以及肿瘤内"轮辐状"强化是其特征性影像表现。     

酷似嗜酸细胞腺瘤的多发肾透明细胞癌CT表现1例

本文报道1例酷似嗜酸细胞腺瘤的多发肾透明细胞癌的CT表现。患者女,50岁,右肾实质内可见4枚大小不等病灶,与肾实质相比,CT平扫示肿瘤外周实质部分呈等密度,中央均可见条状、放射状稍低密度（考虑瘢痕）;增强扫描皮质期肿瘤中央瘢痕未见明显强化,肿瘤外周实质明显不均匀强化,强化程度接近肾实质;实质期及排泄期肿瘤中央瘢痕逐渐延...     

肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤的CT诊断与误诊分析

目的探讨肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤的CT表现及误诊原因,旨在提高本病的诊断准确率。方法回顾分析经病理证实的10例肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤的临床及CT资料,观察病灶的部位、形态、大小、密度、有无包膜及强化幅度与方式等。结果 10例全部单侧发病,6例位于左肾,4例位于右肾,最大径3.5~12.5cm,平均6.4cm,均呈圆形或类圆形,CT平扫密度均低于肾实质或类似于肾实质,6例密度均匀,4例密度不均;4例病灶内囊变、坏死,边缘及边界均清晰;7例有包膜;10例均未见钙化,肾盂肾盏均呈受压推挤改变。增强皮质期均明显强化,髓质期实质成分均成持续强化,4例囊变区不强化,3例强化病灶内可见"纤维瘢痕征",周围包膜结构显示更加明显。术前CT检查全部误诊,误诊为嫌色细胞癌7例,透明细胞癌3例。结论肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤CT表现具有一定特征性,肾实质内孤立性肿块,密度稍低于肾实质,且密度常均匀一致,可见假包膜,边缘及边界清晰,增强呈渐进性明显强化,体积较大者病灶内可见囊变、坏死,增强部分病灶内可见"纤维瘢痕征",而对其影像特征及鉴别诊断认识不足是其误诊的主要原因。     

肾透明细胞癌与肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT鉴别诊断

目的探讨分析肾透明细胞癌与嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT表现及鉴别诊断。方法选取我院收治并经手术病理证实为肾透明细胞癌(20例)及肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤(15例)的CT表现,分析两者病灶的大小、形态、密度、CT值及强化方式等。结果肾透明细胞癌与肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤病灶的直径差异不明显(P> 0.05),差异无统计学意义;肾透明细胞癌与嗜酸细胞腺瘤CT平扫均多数为等或稍低密度,增强期多表现为明显强化,但肾透明细胞癌的强化特点为快进快出型,而肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤为快进慢出型,且肾透明细胞癌可有淋巴结转移,而肾嗜酸细胞瘤可有中央瘢痕。结论综合分析肾透明细胞癌与肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT平扫及增强扫描的影像学特点,有助于两者的鉴别诊断。     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT诊断

目的 探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT诊断要点.方法对11例经病理确诊的肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT表现进行回顾性分析.结果 11例肿瘤均为单发,呈类圆形,平扫10例呈等或稍高密度、边缘不清,7例密度均匀,3例中央可见低密度瘢痕影.增强后7例肿瘤明显强化,4例轻度强化,均有"快进慢出"型强化特征,其中1例部分肿瘤实质还有渐进性强化表现;4例中央可见星状或小片状无明显强化区.结论 肾脏嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT表现有一定的特征性,熟悉这些特点有助于早期诊断.     

螺旋CT多期扫描诊断肝脏局灶性结节增生研究

目的 探讨肝脏局灶性结节增生(FNH)的螺旋CT平扫和多期增强扫描表现特征,以提高CT对FNH的诊断准确性.资料与方法 回顾性分析16例经病理证实的FNH患者螺旋CT平扫及动脉期、门静脉期、延迟期增强扫描的资料.结果 16例患者16个FNH病灶中,平扫显示所有病灶均为略低密度,位于肝包膜下,其中14个可见更低密度瘢痕,从病灶中心向周围呈辐射状或不规则状.肿块实质呈"快进慢出"强化,中心瘢痕及辐射状分隔、假包膜"延迟强化",延迟期整个肿块密度趋于均匀一致.结论 平扫和多期增强螺旋CT扫描能全面显示FNH的病理特征及血流动力学特点,螺旋CT多期扫描有助于FNH的诊断及鉴别诊断.     

肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT表现与病理对照分析

目的探讨肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT表现与病理对照分析,以提高对本病的认识。方法回顾性分析经病理证实的8例肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的影像与病理资料。8例均行CT平扫及多期增强扫描,包括肾皮质期、髓质期和排泄期。结果 CT平扫示8例患者均为单发,7例位于右肾,1例位于左肾,最大径3.9～13.0cm,平均5.9cm,均大于3cm,1例可见钙化。增强扫描:皮质期8例病灶均明显强化。髓质期7例病灶持续强化,8例病灶内可见"星芒状"瘢痕,6例有相对完整假包膜。结论肾嗜酸细胞腺瘤的CT表现与病理表现有相关性,CT表现典型者可作出正确诊断。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.