Cervical Arthroplasty for Moderate to Severe Disc Degeneration: Clinical and Radiological Assessments after a Minimum Follow-Up of 18 Months: Pfirrmann Grade and Cervical Arthroplasty

Purpose

Clinical outcomes and radiologic results after cervical arthroplasty have been reported in many articles, yet relatively few studies after cervical arthroplasty have been conducted in severe degenerative cervical disc disease.

Materials and Methods

Sixty patients who underwent cervical arthroplasty (Mobi-C®) between April 2006 and November 2011 with a minimum follow-up of 18 months were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to Pfirrmann classification on preoperative cervical MR images: group A (Pfirrmann disc grade III, n=38) and group B (Pfirrmann disc grades IV or V, n=22). Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of neck and arm pain, modified Oswestry Disability Index (mODI) score, and radiological results including cervical range of motion (ROM) were assessed before and after surgery.

Results

VAS and mean mODI scores decreased after surgery from 5.1 and 57.6 to 2.7 and 31.5 in group A and from 6.1 and 59.9 to 3.7 and 38.4 in group B, respectively. In both groups, VAS and mODI scores significantly improved postoperatively (p<0.001), although no significant intergroup differences were found. Also, cervical dynamic ROM was preserved or gradually improved up to 18 months after cervical arthroplasty in both groups. Global, segmental and adjacent ROM was similar for both groups during follow-up. No cases of device subsidence or extrusion were recorded.

Conclusion

Clinical and radiological results following cervical arthroplasty in patients with severe degenerative cervical disc disease were no different from those in patients with mild degenerative cervical disc disease after 18 months of follow-up.     

颈椎连续三节段 Hybrid 手术与融合术的生物力学研究

目的 比较颈椎连续三节段Hybrid手术[颈前路减压植骨融合(anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, ACDF)+人工颈椎间盘置换(cervical disc arthroplasty, CDA)]与三节段ACDF对颈椎生物力学的影响。方法 基于CT数据建立C1～T1颈胸椎有限元模型,通过植入Prestige LP和Zero-P假体模拟3种模型,包括两种Hybrid模型(AFA:C3～4、C5～6节段植入Prestige LP,C4～5节段植入Zero-P;FAF:C3～4、C5～6节段植入Zero-P,C4～5节段植入Prestige LP)和三节段ACDF模型(FFF)。比较各模型前屈、后伸、侧弯以及轴向旋转时相邻节段及整体活动范围(range of motion, ROM)以及相邻节段椎间盘内压力(intradiscal pressure, IDP)及小关节接触力(facet contact force, FCF)的变化。结果 AFA模型相邻节段及整体ROM都更接近完整模型,FAF、FFF模型相邻节段ROM最大增幅分别为15.0%和23....     

Early clinical experience with the mobi-C disc prosthesis

PURPOSE: We have experienced 23 patients who had underwent cervical disc replacement with Mobi-C disc prosthesis and analyzed their radiological results to evaluate its efficacy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was performed on 23 patients with degenerative cervical disc disease who underwent CDR with Mobi-C disc prosthesis from March 2006 to June 2006. RESULTS: The age of the study population ranged from 31 to 62 years with mean of 43 years, and 16 male and 7 female cases. Regarding axial pain, the average preoperative VAS score was 6.47 +/- 1.4, while at final follow-up it was 1.4 +/- 0.7 (p < 0.001). The preoperatively VAS score for radiculopathy was 6.7 +/- 0.7 compared with an average score of 0 +/- 0 at the final follow-up (p < 0.001). At postoperative 6th month, Odom's criteria were excellent, good, or fair for all 23 patients (100%). 7 patients (30.4%) were classified as excellent, 15 patients (65.2%) as good, and 1 patients (4.4%) as fair. Prolo economic and functional rating scale was average 8.9 +/- 0.7 at postoperative 6th month. ROM in C2-7, ROM of FSU, and ROM in upper adjacent level were well preserved after CDR. CONCLUSION: This report would be the first document about the CDR with Mobi-C disc prosthesis in the treatment of degenerative cervical disc disease. CDR with Mobi-C disc prosthesis provided a favorable clinical and radiological outcome in this study. However, Long-term follow-up studies are required to prove its efficacy and ability to prevent adjacent segment disease.     

新型国产人工颈椎间盘置换对山羊邻近节段影响的实验研究

目的 比较新型国产人工颈椎间盘置换与颈椎前路减压植骨融合内固定术对山羊施术节段邻近颈椎间盘退变的影响。方法 12只实验山羊随机分为3组,每组4只：间盘组（CDR组）行C_3/4间盘摘除、新型国产人工颈椎间盘植入术;融合组（ACDF组）行C_3/4间盘摘除、植骨融合内固定术;对照组不进行手术。分别于术后1、3个月行颈椎正侧位X线检查,根据改良Kellgren评分法及椎间盘相对高度测量（RDH）法进行评价。结果 动物实验中所有山羊均成活,无切口感染及肢体瘫痪。间盘组与对照组在术后1个月与3个月Kellgren评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;术后1个月与术后3个月融合组Kellgren评分高于间盘组,且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。三组术前的RDH比较差异无统计学意义,术后1个月及3个月融合组的RDH均低于间盘组、对照组,且与两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,间盘组与对照组术后RDH比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 新型国产人工颈椎间盘置换可以有效防止山羊颈椎手术邻近节段的退变。     

Revision Surgery for a Failed Artificial Disc

PurposeThis study aimed to present our experience with failures in C-TDR and revision surgery outcomes.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively examined patients who underwent revision surgery due to the failure of C-TDR between May 2005 to March 2019. Thirteen patients (8 males and 5 females) were included in this study. The mean age was 46.1 years (range: 22–61 years), and the average follow-up period was 19.5 months (range: 12–64 months). The outcome measures of pre- and post-operative neck and arm pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and functional impairment were assessed using a modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scale and the Neck Disability Index (NDI).ResultsThe main complaints of patients were posterior neck pain (77%), radiculopathy (62%), and/or myelopathy (62%). The causes of failure of C-TDR were improper indications for the procedure, osteolysis and mobile implant use, inappropriate techniques, and postoperative infection. The most common surgical level was C5–6, followed by C4–5. After revision surgery, the neck and arm pain VAS (preoperative vs. postoperative: 5.46 vs. 1.31; 4.86 vs. 1.08), a modified JOA scale (14.46 vs. 16.69), and the NDI (29.77 vs. 9.31) scores were much improved.ConclusionC-TDR is good surgical option. However, it is very important to adhere to strict surgical indications and contraindications to avoid failure of C-TDR. The results of reoperations were good regardless of the approach. Therefore, various reoperation options could be considered in patients with failed C-TDR.     

颈后路全内镜下颈椎间盘切除术与颈前路颈椎间盘切除植骨融合术治疗颈椎间盘突出症的疗效对比

目的比较颈后路全内镜下椎间盘切除术(PPECD)与颈前路颈椎间盘切除植骨融合术(ACDF)治疗单节段旁中央型颈椎间盘突出症的疗效和对邻近节段退变的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年1月期间在本院行手术治疗的88例单节段旁中央型颈椎间盘突出症患者病例资料。按照所行的手术方式分为PPECD组(n=42)及ACDF组(n=46)。比较两组患者的基线情况,手术前、后颈及上肢视觉疼痛评分(VAS),颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI),手术邻近节段左、右侧屈曲及前屈后伸测定值和颈椎相邻节段退变情况。结果两组患者术后随访时间均为12个月。末次随访时,两组患者颈及上肢VAS和NDI评分与术前相比均有改善(0.05),而两组间比较差异无统计学意义(0.05); PPECD组邻近节段左、右侧屈曲及前屈后伸测定值术前比差异无统计学意义(0.05),ACDF组较术前增大(0.05),并且大于PPECD组(0.05); PECD组颈椎邻近节段退变情况优于ACDF组(0.05)。结论 PPECD和ACDF均能显著改善单节段旁中央型颈椎间盘突出症患者的临床症状,但PPECD对维持患者术后颈椎活动度、减少术后邻近椎体节段退变有一定优势。     

Bryan人工颈椎间盘置换治疗颈椎病的中期临床随访

背景：Bryan人工颈椎间盘置换的短期疗效优良已被大多数学者公认,但有关其中长期临床效果及并发症的资料较少。 目的：总结Bryan人工颈椎间盘置换治疗颈椎病的中期临床效果。 方法：选择2004-11/2007-12在四川大学华西医院骨科接受Bryan人工颈椎间盘置换的颈椎间盘突出症患者34例,其中单节段置换30例,双节段置换4例。于置换前、置换后7 d、3,6,12,24,36,48个月行SF-36生活质量量表评分、JOA评分、颈部及上肢疼痛目测类比评分;以颈椎正侧位及功能位X射线片测量手术节段、邻近节段及C2~7屈伸活动度的变化,手术节段和邻近节段椎间高度变化及手术节段的轴向平移情况。 结果与结论：所有患者置换后神经症状均明显好转,各随访点SF-36生活质量量表躯体评分和心理评分、JOA评分、颈部和上肢疼痛目测类比评分较置换前明显改善(P < 0.05),3个月之后各随访时点两两比较差异无显著性意义(P  > 0.05)。置入的Bryan假体历次随访均保留了>2°的活动度,未发现手术节段异位骨化与自发性融合,随访48个月时手术节段及C2~7屈伸活动度较置换前略有增加,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);上下邻近节段屈伸活动度维持了置换前水平;手术节段的椎间高度由置换前的(6.04±1.02) mm增加到(8.44±0.43) mm(P  < 0.05);上下邻近节段椎间高度及手术节段的轴向平移均维持了置换前水平。说明Bryan人工颈椎间盘治疗颈椎间盘退变性疾病的中期临床效果良好,较好的保留了手术节段、邻近节段及整个颈椎的运动学特性,且近中期并发症很少。     

人工颈椎间盘假体的应用研究进展

目前前路颈椎减压融合术（ACDF）已经广泛地应用于治疗神经根病和脊髓性颈椎病,生物力学研究发现行脊柱融合术后。手术临近节段退变加速。一些学者考虑该现象可能是由于融合术后导致临近关节活动度丢失造成,长期临床对比研究也发现颈椎间盘置换术与前路颈椎减压融合术相比,能够改善患者的临床症状。通过回顾国内外颈椎间盘置换术和关节成形术的研究进展,表明颈椎间盘置换术是一种新型的技术。与传统的融合术相比较,它具有保留节段活动度、改善临近节段载荷传递的目的。目前椎间盘置换的初步临床结果十分令人满意。     

Prestige人工颈椎间盘置换术后异位骨化对颈椎活动度的影响

目的 分析Prestige人工颈椎间盘置换术后异位骨化（HO）对颈椎置换节段活动度（ROM）的影响,探讨导致人工颈椎间盘置换术后异位骨化形成的相关因素。方法 回顾性分析重庆医科大学附属第一医院骨科2014年1月～2018年1月受Prestige人工颈椎间盘置换术的 66例患者。在颈椎X线片上分析评估,测量置换节段活动度,并使用McAfee分级对异位骨化进行分级,采用 Wilcoxon 符号秩和检验分析异位骨化形成和与置换节段活动度间的关系,采用 t 检验分析异位骨化分级和对置换节段活动度间的影响。使用 Logistic 回归分析评估年龄、性别、身体质量指数（BMI）,置换节段数量,术前项韧带骨化情况,病变椎间隙高度与相邻椎间隙高度比值、置换节段术前及术后活动度及围手术期非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDs）的使用情况等因素与颈椎间盘置换术后异位骨化形成的关系。结果 66例患者中23例患者末次随访时出现异位骨化,发生率为34.8％。异位骨化组置换节段活动度明显小于无异位骨化组,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05),McAfee Ⅲ~Ⅳ级置换节段活动度明显小于McAfee Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。相关性分析结果显示,置换节段术前活动度及术后活动度与术后异位骨化具有相关性（P＜0.05)。进一步选择置换节段术后活动度因素进行ROC曲线分析,置换节段术后活动度≤8°更容易发生异位骨化。结论 Prestige人工颈椎间盘置换术后,异位骨化会导致置换节段活动度的减少,异位骨化分级越高置换节段活动度减少越明显。人工颈椎间盘置换术后异位骨化形成的发生与置换节段术前及术后活动度有关,术后置换节段活动度≤8°更容易发生异位骨化。     

Direct Internal Fixation for Unstable Atlas Fractures

PurposeTo investigate the radiologic and clinical outcomes of direct internal fixation for unstable atlas fractures.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 12 patients with unstable atlas fractures surgically treated using C1 lateral mass screws, rods, and transverse connector constructs. Nine lateral mass fractures with transverse atlantal ligament (TAL) avulsion injury and three 4-part fractures with TAL injury (two avulsion injuries, one TAL substance tear) were treated. Radiologic outcomes included the anterior atlantodental interval (AADI) in flexion and extension cervical spine lateral radiographs at 6 months and 1 year after treatment. CT was also performed to visualize bony healing of the atlas at 6 months and 1 year. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for neck pain, Neck Disability Index (NDI) values, and cervical range of motion (flexion, extension, and rotation) were recorded at 6 months after surgery.ResultsThe mean postoperative extension and flexion AADIs were 3.79±1.56 (mean±SD) and 3.13±1.01 mm, respectively. Then mean AADI was 3.42±1.34 and 3.33±1.24 mm at 6 months and 1 year after surgery, respectively. At 1 year after surgery, 11 patients showed bony healing of the atlas on CT images. Only one patient underwent revision surgery 8 months after primary surgery due to nonunion and instability findings. The mean VAS score for neck pain was 0.92±0.99, and the mean NDI value was 8.08±5.70.ConclusionC1 motion-preserving direct internal fixation technique results in good reduction and stabilization of unstable atlas fractures. This technique allows for the preservation of craniocervical and atlantoaxial motion.     

人工颈椎间盘假体置换短期随访：颈椎稳定性及其运动范围变化

背景：椎间盘摘除减压后的节段融合会限制节段的生理运动,造成邻近节段应力加大而导致其退变加速。 目的：观察人工颈椎间盘植入假体治疗颈椎病短期随访中的稳定性及置换节段和颈椎整个节段的运动范围变化。 方法：于2010-06/2011-08在常州市第二人民医院骨科共施行PCM钴铬合金颈椎间盘假体置换11例12个节段,男7例,女4例;脊髓型颈椎病8例,外伤性颈椎间盘突出3例。 结果与结论：患者随访时间为3~12个月。置换后1,3,6个月以及末次随访时置换节段过屈过伸活动度、左右侧屈活动度与术前接近。置换后1个月、末次随访时患者日本矫形外科协会评分明显升高,而Oswestry颈椎功能障碍指数明显降低(P < 0.05),且末次随访时日本矫形外科协会评分和Oswestry颈椎功能障碍指数与术后1个月时差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),同时X射线未发现假体松动、下沉或异位骨化等不良反应。提示PCM人工颈椎间盘置换后短期颈椎稳定功能活动效果较好。 关键词：钴铬合金颈椎间盘假体;颈椎病;人工颈椎间盘置换;临床效果;医学植入物;组织工程 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.09.008     

Mid-term functional,clinical, and radiological outcomes with factors affecting revision of mobile-bearing medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

BackgroundTo evaluate and compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients subjected to medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).MethodsThe study included 146 knees of 115 consecutive medial UKAs patients with a minimum five-year follow-up. Pre- and postoperative functional and clinical outcomes were measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), American Knee Society Score (AKSS-O), knee range of motion (ROM), and Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). The Kellgren–Lawrence osteoarthritis (OA) grading system was used for the evaluation of the OA status. The joint line convergence angle (JLCA) of the operated and contralateral knee, the tibiofemoral coronal angle (TFCA), and the tibial slope angle were used in the radiological evaluation.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 58.8 ± 7.0 years. The mean follow-up period was 7.41 ± 1.54 years. Good to excellent functional outcomes were obtained according to VAS, WOMAC, OKS, AKSS-O, and SF-36 scores. Insert dislocation was the main reason for revision surgery (nine patients, 90%). Preoperative body mass index (BMI), postoperative BMI, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Score, postoperative knee flexion contracture, mean increase in postoperative medial joint space (PMJS) height, and OA progression were found to affect the revision status.ConclusionsGood to excellent functional, clinical, and radiological outcomes were obtained with medial UKA at a minimum follow-up of five years. Differences in preoperative and postoperative radiological parameters except an increase in PMJS height had no impact on revision status.     

No difference in the anteroposterior stability between the GRADIUS and multi-radius designs in total knee arthroplasty

BackgroundThis retrospective study aimed to compare stability and clinical and radiological outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for the GRADIUS and multi-radius femoral designs after minimum of two-year follow-up.MethodsA total of 142 patients who underwent TKA using ATTUNE posterior stabilized (PS) implants (68 patients, GRADIUS group) or Persona PS implants (74 patients, multi-radius group) for degenerative osteoarthritis were included. After an average of 2-year follow-up, the anteroposterior (AP) stability at 30°, 60°, and 90° was measured using KT 2000 device and compared between the two groups. The clinical outcome measurements included range of motion (ROM) of the knee, patient-reported outcomes and anterior knee pain (AKP). For the clinical evaluation of mid-flexion instability, pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) score recorded during climbing up or going down stairs. The radiolucent lines on knee radiographs obtained at final follow-up were evaluated and compared between two groups.ResultsThe average AP stability at 30° knee flexion was 5.7 mm in the GRADIUS group and 5.9 mm in the multi-radius group; however, the difference was not significant. The AP stability at 60° and 90° knee flexion was also similar in both groups. There were no significant differences in the ROM, patient-reported outcomes at follow-up, incidence of AKP and VAS scores between the two groups. There were no differences in the incidence of radiolucency around the components between the two groups.ConclusionThe GRADIUS design did not show any advantage with respect to the stability or clinical outcomes compared with the multi-radius design in TKA.     

显微镜辅助下超声骨刀在颈椎前路骨化物切除中的应用及临床疗效

目的 探讨颈椎前路减压中显微镜下超声骨刀较传统椎板咬钳在颈椎病前路骨化物中的优缺点及临床疗效比较。方法 回顾性分析空军军医大学第二附属医院2017年5月至2019年6月行颈椎前路减压融合手术的32例患者,18例为超声骨刀组,14例为枪钳减压组。评估两组患者的手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量、住院时间、并发症、神经功能JOA评分、NDI指数及影像学椎管占位率、颈椎Cobb角及融合率。结果 两组患者均顺利完成手术,随访12～24个月,平均（16.18±3.33）个月。术后超声骨刀组出现1例喉返神经损伤,枪钳减压组出现2例脑脊液漏、2例喉返神经损伤,两组均未导致严重并发症。超声骨刀组的手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量较枪钳减压组少（P<0.05）;但两组的住院时长相当,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组末次随访时NDI指数较术前明显降低（P<0.05）,JOA评分较术前显著增高（P<0.05）;超声骨刀组的JOA评分、JOA改善率优于枪钳减压组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;但两组的末次随访时NDI指数比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）...     

Wallis棘突间动态稳定系统的初步临床应用

目的:探讨Wallis棘突间动态稳定系统(简称Wallis系统)治疗腰椎间盘退变性疾病的初步临床效果.方法:2008年4月～2008年10月,应用Wallis系统治疗腰椎间盘退变性疾病18例.观察其病变节段手术前后的活动范围(range of motion,ROM)和椎间盘后高度(posterior disc height,PDH)的变化、患者手术前后疼痛的视觉模糊评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、下腰痛JOA评分以及Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry Disability Index,ODI).结果:手术时间(81.1±4.9)min(55～125 min),术中出血量(70±9.2)ml(30～200 m1).术后随访6～12个月,平均9.50±0.41.术前、术后2周内和术后6个月PDH:(10.01±0.43)、(11.99±0.39)和(10.44±0.36)mm.患者术前与术后2周的PDH有明显差别(P<0.05)、与术后6个月PDH则无显著差异(P=0.209 ).术前、术后ROM值分别为:(23.69±2.58)°、(18.35+1.39)°,术后活动度明显减小(P<0.05).术前与术后6个月患者VAS评分、JOA评分、ODI相比较均具有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论:Wallis系统是治疗腰椎间盘退变性疾病的一种安全、有效的外科方法,其远期效果有待进一步观察.     

Artificial disc and vertebra system: a novel motion preservation device for cervical spinal disease after vertebral corpectomy

OBJECTIVE:To determine the range of motion and stability of the human cadaveric cervical spine after the implantation of a novel artificial disc and vertebra system by comparing an intact group and a fusion group.METHODS:Biomechanical tests were conducted on 18 human cadaveric cervical specimens. The range of motion and the stability index range of motion were measured to study the function and stability of the artificial disc and vertebra system of the intact group compared with the fusion group.RESULTS:In all cases, the artificial disc and vertebra system maintained intervertebral motion and reestablished vertebral height at the operative level. After its implantation, there was no significant difference in the range of motion (ROM) of C3–7 in all directions in the non-fusion group compared with the intact group (p>0.05), but significant differences were detected in flexion, extension and axial rotation compared with the fusion group (p<0.05). The ROM of adjacent segments (C₃₋₄, C₆₋₇) of the non-fusion group decreased significantly in some directions compared with the fusion group (p<0.05). Significant differences in the C_4-6 ROM in some directions were detected between the non-fusion group and the intact group. In the fusion group, the C₄₋₆ ROM in all directions decreased significantly compared with the intact and non-fusion groups (p<0.01). The stability index ROM (SI-ROM) of some directions was negative in the non-fusion group, and a significant difference in SI-ROM was only found in the C₄₋₆ segment of the non-fusion group compared with the fusion group.CONCLUSION:An artificial disc and vertebra system could restore vertebral height and preserve the dynamic function of the surgical area and could theoretically reduce the risk of adjacent segment degeneration compared with the anterior fusion procedure. However, our results should be considered with caution because of the low power of the study. The use of a larger sample should be considered in future studies.     

Clinical Outcomes of Epidural Neuroplasty for Cervical Disc Herniation

Cervical disc herniation is a common disorder characterized by neck pain radiating to the arm and fingers as determined by the affected dermatome. This condition has a favorable prognosis, but pain can have a serious detrimental impact on daily activities. Epidural neuroplasty has been applied as a treatment option for cervical disc herniation; however, no study has addressed the clinical outcomes. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical outcomes of epidural neuroplasty on 128 patients for the treatment of cervical disc herniation. To measure pain-related disabilities over time, the changes of pain scores in neck and arm were evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) and the neck disability index (NDI). Compared with preprocedural values, the pain NRS of neck and arm demonstrated significant improvement at day 1, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure (P < 0.001). Likewise, the NDI was significantly reduced at 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure (P < 0.001). There were no serious complications. Cervical epidural neuroplasty shows good clinical outcomes in the treatment of cervical disc herniation and can be considered a treatment modality for cervical disc herniation refractory to conservative treatment.     

腰椎棘突间动态稳定装置治疗腰椎间盘退变性疾病的中期疗效观察

目的观察腰椎棘突问动态稳定装置（Wallis系统）治疗腰椎退变性疾病的中期疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年2月至2010年10月应用第二代Wallis系统治疗34例腰椎退变性疾病患者的中期疗效。通过比较患者术前、术后3月和末次随访的疼痛视觉视觉模拟量表评分、下腰痛日本骨科协会评分,计算JOA改善率评估手术疗效;通过腰椎侧位X线片测量手术节段椎间盘平均高度及腰椎动力位X线片测量病变相邻节段椎体问活动范围的变化,评价腰椎稳定性的变化。结果31例患者经26～38个月随访,VAS评分末次随访较术前有显著下降（P〈0．05）,较术后3个月无明显改变（P〉0．05）;JOA评分末次随访较术前有显著上升（P〈0．05）,较术后3个月无明显改变（P〉0．05）。DH值及ROM值末次随访较术前和术后3个月均无明显改变（P〉0．05）。结论Wallis系统治疗椎间盘退变性疾病能缓解症状、延缓置入节段高度丢失和维持椎间稳定。     

Long-Term Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: 10-Year Follow-up Results

BackgroundMany studies have reported that minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) provides satisfactory treatment comparable to other fusion methods. However, in the case of MI-TLIF, there are concerns about the long-term outcome compared to conventional bilateral PLIF due to the small amount of disc removal and the lack of autogenous bone graft. Long-term follow-up studies are still lacking as most of the previous reports have follow-up periods of up to 5 years.MethodsThirty patients who underwent MI-TLIF were followed up for > 10 years (mean, 11.1 years). Interbody fusion rates were determined using a modified Bridwell grading system. Adjacent segment disease (ASD) was defined as radiological adjacent segment degeneration (R-ASDeg) as seen on plain X-rays; reoperated adjacent segment disease referred to the subsequent need for revision surgery. Clinical outcomes after surgery were assessed based on back and leg pain as well as the Oswestry disability index (ODI).ResultsThe overall radiological fusion rate, at the 1-, 5-, and 10-year follow-up was 77.1%, 91.4%, and 94.3%, respectively. The incidence of R-ASDeg 1, 5, and 10 years after surgery was 6.7%, 16.7%, and 43.3% at the proximal adjacent segment and 4.8%, 14.3%, and 28.6% at the distal adjacent segment, respectively. R-ASDeg at either the proximal or distal segment was determined in 50.0% of the patients 10 years postoperatively. All clinical parameters improved significantly during follow-up, although the ODI and the visual analog scale (VAS) for leg pain at the 10-year follow-up were significantly worse in the R-ASDeg group than in the other patients (P = 0.009, P = 0.040).ConclusionMI-TLIF improved both clinical and radiological outcomes, and the improvements were maintained for up to 10 years after surgery. However, R-ASDeg developed in up to 50% of the patients within 10 years, and both leg pain on the VAS and the ODI were worse in patients with R-ASDeg.     

青少年腰椎间盘突出症并发椎体后缘骨离断的临床特征及外科处理

目的探讨青少年腰椎间盘突出症并发椎体后缘骨离断的临床特征及其手术效果。方法回顾1998年9月至2009年3月间收治的82例青少年腰椎间盘突出症患者(9～20岁,平均15.9岁)的临床和CT资料。其中A组22例并椎体后缘骨离断,分析其部位、大小和形态特征,手术同时切除突出髓核及离断骨骺;B组60例单纯腰椎间盘突出症中30例手术摘除突出髓核,30例非手术治疗。按日本整形外科学会评分(JOA)和疼痛视觉模拟计分(VAS)法,比较两组临床特征及手术效果。结果22例(28%)椎间盘突出合并后缘骨骺离断。JOA、VAS评分显示A组患者腰腿疼痛、神经功能状态均较B组患者严重(P0.05),而且手术前可以耐受保守治疗的时间也较B组患者短(P0.05);手术效果通过JOA、VAS评分比较两组无明显差异(P0.05),手术时间和手术出血量A组高于B组相应指标(P0.05)。结论青少年腰椎间盘突出症并发后缘骨离断者症状更严重,诊断明确应积极手术治疗,术中尽可能切除浮动、中央型体积较大或位于侧隐窝的离断后缘骨。