局部进展期胰腺癌调强放疗剂量递增临床研究

目的探索调强放射治疗(IMRT)提高进展期胰腺癌局部肿瘤靶区剂量以及减少周围正常组织照射剂量的可能性. 方法21例局部进展期胰腺癌患者接受同期放化疗.放射治疗分第一阶段予常规放射治疗,剂量30Gy/15次/3周;第二阶段强调放射治疗,肿瘤靶区分割剂量3Gy/次,总剂量为21 ～ 30Gy,在2周内分7 ～ 10次完成.总剂量递增水平:51、54、57、60Gy.在放射治疗过程中,每个治疗日5-FU静脉点滴. 结果16例完成治疗计划,分别为51Gy 3例、54Gy 3例、57Gy 3例,60Gy 7例.13例治疗前CA19-9值升高,中位值治疗前后分别为716、255U/ml(P<0.001).14例以疼痛为主的患者至少减少1/3 ～ 1/2的麻醉药品用量,其中5例疼痛症状完全消失.10例患者治疗后卡氏评分有提高. 结论局部进展期胰腺癌患者接受适形调强放疗并同期应用5-Fu化疗增敏,可获得确切的姑息治疗作用,肿瘤剂量60Gy分25次在5周完成,无严重的放射治疗相关的急性毒性反应.     

局部进展期胰腺癌的三维适形放射治疗疗效分析

目的探索适形放射治疗提高进展期胰腺癌局部肿瘤靶区剂量以及减少周围正常组织照射的可能性。方法27例不能手术切除的胰腺癌患者,放射治疗分常规放疗30 Gy/15次/3周后,加适形放疗肿瘤靶区剂量5 Gy/次,总剂量25-35 Gy/2周。结果27例均完成治疗计划,23例以疼痛为主的患者中,17例疼痛完全消失。结论对不能手术切除的胰腺癌,三维适形放疗是一种有效的治疗方法,可获得确切的姑息止痛作用,无严重的放射治疗毒性反应。     

胰腺癌三维适形分程放射治疗

目的探索三维适形分程放射治疗提高晚期胰腺癌局部肿瘤靶区剂量以及减少周围正常组织不良反应的可能性。方法67例不能手术切除的胰腺癌患者，适形放疗在常规剂量3用后，加后程高剂量放疗，肿瘤靶区剂量办4—5Gy／次，总剂量32—40Gy／3周。全程照射剂量62—70Gy。结果67例均完成治疗计划，53例以疼痛为主的患者中，34例疼痛完全消失。结论对不能手术切除的胰腺癌，三维适形分程放疗是一种较好的治疗方法，可获得确切的止痛作用．无严重的放射治疗毒性反应。     

三维适形放射治疗胰腺癌21例疗效分析

目的：探讨三维适形放射治疗提高胰腺癌局部肿瘤照射剂量，减少周围正常组织照射从而提高晚期胰腺癌患者疗效的可能性。方法：对21例不能手术完全切除的胰腺癌患者，常规放射治疗30Gy／15次，3W后肿瘤靶区加三维适形放射治疗，处方剂量5Gy／次～6Gy／次，每周3次，总剂量30Gy／2W～36Gy／2W。结果：21例全部完成治疗计划。13例以疼痛为主要症状的患者中，10例疼痛完全消失，3例缓解；8例以梗阻性黄疸为主的患者，黄疸全部消退。结论：对不能手术切除的晚期胰腺癌，三维适形放射治疗是一种安全有效的治疗方法，可获得比较满意的姑息止疼及消除梗阻性黄疸的作用，且无严重的放射治疗毒性反应。     

局部晚期鼻咽癌新辅助化疗加同期调强放疗及辅助化疗疗效分析

目的 评价局部晚期鼻咽癌新辅助化疗加同期调强放疗及辅助化疗的急性反应和临床疗效.方法 选取126例初治局部晚期鼻咽癌患者（Ⅲ期65例、Ⅳ期61例）,根据具体情况制定治疗方案.全组患者均采用全靶区调强放射治疗,处方剂量：GTVnx 9.0～75.9Gy/30～33F、PGTVnx 9.0～69.9Gy/30～33F、PTV1 60.0Gy/30～33F、PTV2 50.9～54.0Gy/28～30F、GTVnd 67.5～69.9Gy/30～33F.新辅助化疗和辅助化疗方案：Cisplatin（DDP）/Nedaplatin（NDP）＋5FU,同步化疗方案：NDP或DDP.采用kaplan-meier法计算生存率,急性反应评价标准参考CTCAE3.0评估标准.结果 104例患者完成新辅助化疗＋同期调强化疗＋辅助化疗,11患者例完成同期增敏化疗（化疗1次/周,共6～7次）＋辅助化疗,余11例患者由于各种原因仅做1～4周期化疗.随访8～42个月,死亡4例,远处转移8例,放射性视神经损伤2例,鼻咽部溃疡3例;2年局部控制率100%,2年总生存率96.1%,2年无瘤生存率90.3%.全组患者恶心、呕吐等消化道反应较轻微.结论 对于局部晚期鼻咽癌采取新辅助化疗＋同期调强放疗＋辅助化疗是可行的,3～4级急性黏膜炎或/和3～4级血液学毒性是限制化疗的主要因素.     

鼻咽癌放疗后复发与残存病变的立体定向放射治疗

目的 :评价立体定向放射治疗对鼻咽癌放疗后复发或残存病变的疗效。方法 :对 1 3例鼻咽癌放疗后复发或残存的患者进行了立体定向放射治疗。按 1 992年福州会议分期标准 , 期 0 % , 期 1 3% , 期 74.6% , 期 1 2 .4% ,外照射鼻咽部 DT66～ 80 Gy/7～ 8周 ,中位剂量 73Gy。对经足量外照射后 2～ 4周鼻咽部及咽旁间隙仍有肿瘤残存的或治疗半年后复发的各期鼻咽癌患者 ,且无远处转移者行立体定向放射治疗。设备采用 siemens6m V- X线直线加速器及 Brain LAB头部立体定向放射治疗系统。以 80 %等剂量曲线包绕靶区 ,周边单次剂量为 6～ 8Gy/次 ,3次 /周 ,共 3～ 4次完成。结果 :肿瘤完全消失占 77% ( 1 0 /1 3) ,明显缩小占 1 5 % ( 2 /1 3) ,缩小占 8% ( 1 /1 3)。结论 :立体定向放射治疗是治疗鼻咽癌放疗后复发或残存病变的有效方法     

大分割调强放射治疗对中晚期肝癌的近期疗效分析

目的探讨大分割调强放射治疗对中晚期肝癌患者的近期疗效及毒副反应。方法选取2012年11月~2013年8月在我院住院的36例经临床确诊的中晚期肝癌患者,根据治疗方法不同分为大分割调强放射治疗组和三维适形放射治疗组,各18例。大分割调强放射治疗组采用调强大分割放疗,分割剂量2.5~3.5GY,1次/d,5次/周,95%剂量曲线包绕计划靶体积PTV,总剂量35~45GY。三维适形放疗组采用三维适形放疗,肿瘤剂量2Gy/次,1次/d,5次/周,总剂量40~50Gy。观察比较两组患者的近期疗效和毒副反应。结果治疗2个月后,大分割调强放射治疗组总有效率为77.8%,三维适形放疗组总有效率为66.7%,两组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者毒副反应相似,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论大分割调强放射治疗中晚期肝癌可以有效地提高肿瘤的局部控制率,毒副反应患者可以耐受,提高了近期疗效。     

探讨三维适行放射治疗在晚期胰腺癌中的临床意义

目的探讨三维适形放射治疗对局部晚期胰腺癌的疗效。方法将26例局部晚期胰腺癌患者随机分成治疗组13例,对照组13例。治疗组使用三维适形放射治疗,单次肿瘤剂量2-4 Gy,总剂量可达50-54 Gy。单次剂量2-2.5 Gy时一周5次;单次剂量3.5-4 Gy时一周3次。对照组使用常规放射治疗。两组总剂量及分割剂量相同,分割剂量2 Gy。结果治疗组和对照组放射治疗后1个月疼痛缓解分别为11例和7例（χ2=11.56,P〈0.01）;体重增加分别为10例和7例（χ2=6.12,P〈0.05）;Karnofsky评分上升分别为8例和5例（χ2=5.54,P〈0.05）。治疗组和对照组病灶缓解情况分别为84.6%和53.8%（χ2=7.04,P〈0.01）,毒副反应率分别为15.4%和46.2%（χ2=6.48,P〈0.05）,1年生存率分别为61.5%和38.5%（χ2=5.54,P〈0.05）。结论三维适形放射治疗局部晚期胰腺癌,能提高患者的生存质量,延长生存期。     

三维适形大分割放射治疗中晚期胰腺癌的疗效分析

目的观察三维适形大分割放射治疗局部中晚期胰腺癌的疗效。方法 41例患者接受三维适形大分割放疗,分割剂量300～400cGy,1次/d,5次/周,靶区接受剂量Dt30～40Gy/10f/2周,照射剂量参考线为90%等剂量曲线。结果 41例患者中位生存期为8个月,有效率为85.4%,生活质量提高。结论三维适形大分割治疗是局部中晚期胰腺癌一种行之有效的治疗方法。     

15例食管癌放疗后局部复发的再程适形放疗

目的 评价三维适形放疗对放疗后局部复发食管癌的疗效。方法1 5例经胃镜证实食管癌放疗后局部复发的患者接受三维适形放射治疗,单次靶区周边处方剂量2 Gy/次,5次/周,总剂量50-56 Gy。结果所有患者在5-6周内完成治疗,总有效率73.3%,1年生存率20%。结论 三维适形放射治疗放疗后局部复发食管癌安全、有效,近期疗效满意,远期疗效需进一步观察。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.