杏丁联合速效救心丸对急性冠脉综合征病人纤溶活性的影响

目的 观察杏丁注射液联合速效救心丸对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)病人纤溶活性的影响.方法 ACS病人96例随机分为治疗组(杏丁注射液加速效救心丸组)和对照组(杏丁注射液组),用药前及2个疗程后检测血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)活性、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物(PAI-1)活性、D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FG)和假性血友病因子(vWF)的浓度.结果 治疗组和对照组除t-PA在治疗后分别升高75.0%和67.9%外,其余4项指标在治疗后均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);两组治疗后各纤溶指标比较有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 杏丁注射液与速效救心丸联用治疗ACS能更有效地抑制ACS病人的纤溶活性.     

辛伐他汀对冠心病患者纤溶参数的影响

目的了解冠心病患者纤溶参数的变化,并观察辛伐他汀对冠心病患者纤溶参数的影响。方法测定87例正常对照者和108例冠心病患者血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)活性和纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-(1PAI-1)活性,随后108例冠心病患者被随机分成常规治疗组和常规治疗+辛伐他汀40mg每日一次(辛伐他汀组)。治疗14d后复测t-PA活性和PAI-1活性。结果与正常对照组相比较,冠心病患者纤溶参数异常,t-PA活性下降,PAI-1活性上升(P<0.01)。常规治疗组治疗后纤溶参数无显著变化(P>0.05)。辛伐他汀组纤溶参数明显改善,表现为t-PA活性上升,PAI-1活性下降(P<0.01)。结论冠心病患者纤溶参数明显异常,辛伐他汀能改善冠心病患者纤溶参数。     

参附注射液对择期PCI病人炎症因子、纤溶活性及心肌再灌注的影响

目的探讨参附注射液对择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后病人炎症因子、纤溶活性及冠状动脉血流的影响。方法将112例冠心病病人随机分为常规治疗组(54例)和参附治疗组(58例),选取50名健康体检者为健康对照组。两组病人均于PCI术前给予常规治疗,参附治疗组加用参附注射液60 mL静脉输注,每日1次,疗程为10 d。各组分别于治疗前及PCI术后测定血中超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、纤维蛋白原(Fib)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1(PAI-1)活性、D-二聚体(DD)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平。结果与健康对照组比较,常规治疗组和参附治疗组hs-CRP、IL-6、PAI-1明显增高(P 0.05或P 0.01)。与治疗前比较,参附治疗组PCI术后IL-6、Fib、PAI-1、DD均降低(P 0.05或P 0.01),CK-MB升高(P 0.05),而常规治疗组hs-CRP、IL-6、PAI-1、DD、CK-MB均明显升高(P 0.05或P 0.01)。与常规治疗组治疗后比较,参附治疗组hs-CRP、IL-6、PA-1、DD、CK-MB水平均明显降低,心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)冠状动脉血流分级3级的比例明显降低(P 0.01)。结论参附注射液可以减少PCI术后炎症反应,提高纤溶活性,降低心肌缺血再灌注损伤,可作为PCI围术期心肌保护的治疗措施。     

培哚普利对慢性心力衰竭患者血浆t-PA和PAI-1水平的影响

目的评价培哚普利对慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)水平的影响。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法测定60例CHF患者(CHF组)及20例健康人(正常对照组)血浆t-PA、PAI-1水平。CHF组患者又随机均分为常规治疗亚组和培哚普利亚组。培哚普利亚组在常规治疗基础上加用培哚普利2~4mg,每日1次。所有CHF患者治疗2周后复测血浆t-PA、PAI-1水平。结果CHF患者血浆t-PA、PAI-1水平比正常对照组明显增高(P<0.01)。治疗后,培哚普利亚组血浆PAI-1水平比常规治疗亚组明显降低(P<0.01),血浆t-PA水平比常规治疗亚组明显升高(P<0.01)。结论培哚普利不仅可降低PAI-1水平,而且可升高t-PA水平,改善内源性纤溶功能。     

益气活血复方对动脉粥样硬化家兔PAI-1及t—PA影响的实验研究

目的 观察益气活血复方对动脉粥样硬化家兔组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAI-1)及超微结构的影响.方法 40只雄性新西兰大耳白兔随机分为正常组、模型组、中药对照组、西药对照组、中药治疗组,每组8只.适应性喂养1周后,模型组、中药对照组、西药对照组、中药治疗组行颈总动脉球囊损伤术.术后正常组给予普通饲料,其他组给予高脂饲料喂养4周.实验第4周末开始分别予与益气活血复方、血脂康胶囊和辛伐他汀片,持续给药4周.在治疗前、后分别取血检测PAI-1、t-PA.8周末处死动物,取家兔左右颈总动脉,用透射电镜观察颈总动脉的超微结构.结果 4周末与正常组比较,模型组PAI-1水平持续升高,t-PA略有升高.8周末中药治疗组与模型组相比较,PAI-1水平明显下降(P<0.01),t-PA水平明显升高(P<0.01).各给药组组间PAI-1、t-PA水平无统计学意义(P>0.05);电镜水平证实益气活血中药能够改善颈内动脉的超微结构.结论 益气活血复方能促进动脉粥样硬化家兔纤溶酶原激活物的分泌,减少纤溶酶原激活物抑制物的分泌,从而增强纤溶活性,减少动脉粥样硬化的发生.     

不稳定型心绞痛合并糖耐量低减患者的血脂与PAI-1的特点

目的通过测定纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAI-1)及纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)活性,探讨不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)合并糖耐量低减(IGT)患者的低纤溶活性状态及其特点。方法把UAP患者分为糖耐量正常组和IGT组,测PAI-1t、-PA含量及血脂、胰岛素水平。结果UAP合并IGT患者较正常对照组PAI-1增高,t-PA下降,t-PA/PAI-1比值下降(P<0.01),总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)增高,高密度脂蛋白胆固酶(HDL-C)降低(P<0.05)。较UAP不合并IGT患者PAI-1增高,t-PA下降,t-PA/PAI-1比值下降(P<0.05)。结论UAP合并IGT患者存在较低的纤溶活性。     

高血压患者胰岛素抵抗与纤溶系统的关系

目的研究高血压病(EH)患者胰岛素抵抗(IR)与纤溶系统的关系.方法 EH病人71例,采用75 g葡萄糖口服负荷法(OGTT),将EH患者分为糖耐量正常组(NGT)44例和糖耐量异常组(IGT)27例,正常对照组31例.测定血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物活性(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1活性(PAI-1)、纤溶酶原活性(PLG),在OGTT测定的同时作血胰岛素(INS)测定,并根据Cederholm公式计算出胰岛素敏感指数(ISIc).结果 NGT组和IGI组相比t-PA无明显差别(P＞0.05),但两组均较正常对照组降低(P＜0.05).NGT组和IGT组PAI-1与正常对照组比较均无明显差别(P>0.05).IGT与NGT相比PLG增高(P＜0.05),与正常对照比较PLG明显增高(P＜0.01).ISIc在NGT组和IGT组较正常对照组明显降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),且IGT组较NGT组更低(P＜0.01).ISIc与t-PA, PAI-1不相关.结论高血压病人存在胰岛素抵抗,当高血压病合并IGT时,胰岛素抵抗更明显.EH病人存在纤溶活性的下降,当合并IGT时,纤溶活性的降低更为明显.t-PA和PAI-1与ISIc无明显相关性.     

化瘀通络中药对5/6肾切除大鼠纤溶系统的影响

目的 观察化瘀通络中药肾络通对5/6肾切除大鼠纤溶系统的影响.方法 46只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、苯那普利组、肾络通组.复制5/6肾切除肾衰大鼠模型,采用免疫组织化学及原位杂交方法检测各组大鼠肾组织纤溶酶原激活物组织型(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活物尿激酶型(u-PA)、纤溶酶原激活物的抑制物-1(PAI-1)及PAI-1 mRNA的表达,并进行病理学检测.结果 模型组t-PA、u-PA的相对含量及ILD值均显著低于假手术组(P＜0.01),而PAI-1及PAI-1 mRNA则显著高于假手术组(P＜0.01);肾络通组、苯那普利组与模型组相比,t-PA、u-PA的相对含量及ILD值均明显升高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而PAI-1及PAI-1 mRNA则明显降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论 化瘀通络中药肾络通能纠正5/6肾切除大鼠纤溶系统的紊乱,延缓肾脏疾病的进程.     

伊贝沙坦对原发性高血压患者纤溶功能的影响

目的:探讨高血压患者纤溶功能的变化以及伊贝沙坦对其影响。方法:原发性高血压(EH)2级患者42例(EH组),健康对照者30例(对照组);EH患者服用伊贝沙坦150 mg/d,观察对照组及EH组用药前后对纤溶功能的影响。结果:用药前EH组纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1(PAI-1)活性明显高于对照组,组纵型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)活性明显低于对照组;用药后纤溶指标PAI-1显著降低(P<0.01),t-PA水平增高(P<0.05)。结论:EH患者存在血纤溶功能异常,伊贝沙坦可改善EH患者纤溶功能失调,对PAI-1作用明显。     

小剂量尿激酶治疗不稳定性心绞痛的临床分析

目的　观察小剂量溶栓剂 (尿激酶 )联合肝素治疗不稳定性心绞痛 (UA)患者的临床疗效。方法　 71例 UA患者随机分为肝素组和复合组 ,治疗前、后检测常规心电图、血脂、血糖、纤维蛋白原 (FG)、血浆纤溶酶激活物抑制物 (PAI-1)、组织纤溶酶原激活物 (t-PA)。结果　治疗前、后两组心绞痛每日发作次数和 ST段压低值总和 (Σ ST)、血脂、血糖、FG没有显著差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。治疗后 PAI-1活性复合组较肝素组低 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,t-PA活性增高 ((P<0 .0 5 )。结论　小剂量尿激酶加肝素治疗 UA,纤溶活性增高 ,无明显激活凝血活性的作用 ,用于治疗 U A是可行的     

2级高血压患者血栓前状态分子标志物的变化

目的 探讨2级高血压患者血栓前状态相关指标的改变及其临床意义.方法 采用流式细胞仪、酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法(ELISA)、全自动血凝分析仪等检测2级高血压血小板表面P-选择素(P-selectin,CD62P)、血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)、抑制剂(PAI-1)和凝血四项即血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT).结果 2级高血压组CD62P的表达、血浆PAI-1、FIB三项指标均较正常组增高(P＜0.05),而t-PA水平较正常组降低(P＜0.05);2级高血压APTT和PT时间明显缩短(P＜0.05);正常组与2级高血压组TT时间比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 2级高血压患者血小板活化、凝血功能增强、纤溶功能减退,存在明显的血栓前状态;测定血小板表面CD62P的表达、血浆t-PA和PAI-1和凝血四项有助于早期发现2级高血压患者血栓前状态并有助于导临床早期干预治疗.     

疏血通注射液对2型糖尿病患者炎性因子的影响

目的观察疏血通注射液对2型糖尿病患者炎性细胞因子影响。方法 175例2型糖尿病患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,分别给予双胍类和双胍类基础上加疏血通注射液。入选后第2天和第16天分别测定肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白、纤溶酶原激活抑制物-1(PAI-1)和脂联素。结果治疗16d后,治疗组TNF-α、IL-6、C反应蛋白、PAI-1和脂联素与对照组显著差异(P<0.05)。结论疏血通注射液对2型糖尿病患者炎性细胞因子调节有一定效果。     

The effects of rosiglitazone treatment on the fibrinolytic system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are at risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases, which can in part be explained by disturbances in the hemostatic and fibrinolytic systems. The effects of rosiglitazone treatment on the fibrinolytic system and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 DM were assessed. Twenty-four patients with type 2 DM and 28 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Plasma global fibrinolytic capacity (GFC), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by hoemostasis model assessment. Patients with type 2 DM then were placed on rosiglitazone (4 mg/day, for 12 weeks) in addition coexistent medication, and baseline tests were repeated. There was no difference between mean t-PA levels of the two groups. PAI-1 levels were higher in diabetic patients than control subjects (p < 0.01). Diabetic patients had lower GFC and t-PA/PAI-1 levels than control subjects (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). PAI-1 levels were positively correlated with waist circumference in diabetic group (r = 0.4, p < 0.05). After rosiglitazone treatment, there was no difference in mean plasma levels of GFC, t-PA, PAI-1 and t-PA/PAI-1 in diabetics. Insulin sensitivity significantly improved after the addition of rosiglitazone treatment in diabetic patients (p < 0.01). The short-term and low-dose treatment with rosiglitazone in type 2 diabetic patients has no effects on the fibrinolytic system, although it improves insulin sensitivity.     

氯沙坦对原发性高血压患者纤溶功能的影响

目的观察氯沙坦对原发性高血压(EH)患者纤溶功能的影响。方法观察34例EH患者应用氯沙坦治疗4周后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率、血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、内皮细胞型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(PAI-1)水平的变化,并与30例健康人作比较。结果治疗前EH患者血浆t-PA水平明显低于对照组,而PAI-1水平明显高于对照组(均P<0.01)。氯沙坦治疗4周后,血压明显下降,心率无明显变化,血浆t-PA水平增加,但无统计学意义,而PAI-1水平明显降低,t-PA/PAI-1比值升高(均P<0.01)。结论EH患者存在着内源性纤溶功能紊乱,氯沙坦可以改善EH患者的纤溶功能。     

慢性稳定性冠心病不同治疗方法的预后比较

目的比较慢性稳定性冠心病患者单纯药物治疗、经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)治疗和冠状动脉旁路移植术(coronary artery bypassgrafting,CABG)三种治疗方法的远期预后。方法将我院2004年03月至2007年03月期间317例慢性稳定性冠心病患者按治疗方法不同分为单纯药物治疗组、PCI组和CABG组,每组再按冠状动脉病变情况分为单支病变和多支病变两个亚组。平均随访48.4±7.6个月,随访内容包括全因死亡、心肌梗死、血管重建、因急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)再入院以及心绞痛缓解情况。结果无论单支病变或是多支病变,单纯药物治疗与PCI相比,两种治疗方法全因死亡、心肌梗死、因ACS再入院均无显著差异(P>0.05);对于多支病变患者,CABG组全因死亡、血管重建率显著低于药物治疗组和PCI组(P<0.001或P<0.05),PCI组血管重建率低于药物治疗组(P<0.05)。结论强化药物治疗是慢性稳定性冠心病治疗的基础;早期PCI可能并不改善慢性稳定性冠心病患者的远期预后;对于多支病变稳定性冠心病患者,CABG预后可能优于PCI。     

Endothelial Damage and Activation of the Hemostatic System During Radiofrequency Catheter Isolation of Pulmonary Veins

AIMS: To determine the systemic thrombogenic effect of radiofrequency catheter isolation of the pulmonary veins (PVI) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied endothelial damage marker (von Willebrand factor [vWf]), fibrinolysis markers (tissue plasminogen activator [t-PA], plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1]) and coagulation activation markers (D-dimer [DD]) in 30 patients (pts) undergoing PVI. Heparin was administered continuously after double transseptal puncture in all pts. Concentrations of vWf and t-PA were significantly increased after accomplishing PVI compared to the baseline values, and elevated levels persisted 24 hours later ( p < 0.01). PAI-1 levels decreased following PVI compared to the baseline levels ( p = 0.02). PAI-1 levels normalized 24 hours after the procedure. DD increased continuously during the procedure with the peak following PVI ( p < 0.01). Higher DD concentrations persisted 24 hours later ( p = 0.02). In a multivariate analysis, total procedure time correlated significantly with the peak vWf and DD concentrations, while total RF energy dose correlated only with peak vWf ( r = 0.82). Time to heparin administration correlated with DD levels prior to the first RF pulse ( r = 0.83, p < 0.01) as well as after PVI ( r = 0.75, p < 0.01). A group of patients heparinized within the first hour of the PVI procedure had normal preablation DD levels and significantly mitigated DD levels following PVI compared to the group of patients heparinized later ( p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary vein ablations cause an increased systemic procoagulant state as reflected by fibrin turnover, fibrinolysis activation and endothelial perturbation. The activation of the coagulation cascade could be decreased by early heparin administration.     

生长素释放肽对急性肺损伤小鼠核因子κB和纤溶系统的干预作用

目的 探讨生长素释放肽(Ghrelin)对盲肠结扎穿孔(CLP)介导的急性肺损伤小鼠早期核因子κB(NF-κB)和纤溶系统的影响.方法 将32只昆明小鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、CLP组和Ghrelin干预组,Ghrelin干预组在CLP后5 h、10 h、15 h时间段分次腹腔注射Ghrelin(共40 nmol/kg).采用HE染色进行病理检测,免疫组织化学方法检测NF-κB表达,采用酶联免疫吸附试验方法检测血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1(PAI-1)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)水平,计算t-PA/PAI-1比值.结果 ①病理结果显示:与正常组、假手术组相比,CLP组部分肺泡结构受到破坏,大量炎症细胞浸润,间质水肿明显,部分有出血,Ghrelin干预组肺组织病理损伤程度明显减轻.②免疫组织化学结果显示:与正常组、假手术组相比,CLP组肺组织NF-κB表达显著增强.Ghrelin干预组的NF-κB表达强度比CLP组弱.③与正常组、假手术组相比,CLP组PAI-1、t-PA水平明显升高(P<0.01),t-PA/PAI-1比值明显下降(P<0.01).Ghrelin干预组的血浆PAI-1水平较CLP组明显下降(P<0.01),血浆t-PA水平较CLP组轻度升高(P<0.05),t-PA/PAI-1比值较CLP组明显升高(P<0.01).结论 急性肺损伤小鼠早期纤溶系统功能抑制,Ghrelin可以降低CLP所致肺组织NF-κB的表达,Ghrelin可能通过NF-κB途径减轻CLP介导的急性肺损伤,提高纤溶活性.     

Anticoagulant therapy modifies fibrinolytic dysfunction in chronic atrial fibrillation

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the changes in fibrinolytic activation markers before starting anticoagulation, at 1 and 6 months following the introduction of anticoagulant therapy. DESIGN AND METHODS: Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), its endothelial inhibitor (PAI-1), plasmin:antiplasmin complexes (PAPc), modified antithrombin III (ATM), D dimer (D-D) and fibrinogen (FIB) were measured in 36 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. Fifteen of them had rheumatic mitral stenosis and 21 had nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. Basal levels were compared with a sex- and age-matched healthy control group. RESULTS: At baseline, patients with atrial fibrillation showed significantly higher plasma levels of PAI-1, ATM, D-D and FIB levels (p < 0.05) than controls, and no differences in t-PA and PAPc concentrations. Levels of t-PA, PAI-1, ATM and D-D decreased significantly under anticoagulant therapy, whereas FIB levels were not significantly modified. PAPc levels were significantly increased at 6 months in the rheumatic group but did not differ significantly in the nonrheumatic group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with chronic atrial fibrillation show a hypercoagulant state and a relatively low fibrinolytic function. After 6 months of anticoagulant therapy, an improvement in fibrinolytic function markers was detected.     

冠心病患者血浆CRP、FIB、PAI-1、HCY含量的变化及其意义

目的：探讨C反应蛋白（CRP）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、纤溶酶原激活抑制物-1（PAI-1）、同型半胱氨酸（HCY）水平的变化与冠心病（CHD）发生、发展的关系;探讨其诊断冠心病,预测稳定型心绞痛发生心血管事件的危险性。方法：入选的80例CHD患者为CHD组,60例健康人为非CHD组,测定两组血浆中的CRP、FIB、PAI-1、HCY水平。出院后的2年内,CHD组中稳定型心绞痛患者发生心血管事件的定为事件组,其余的为非事件组,然后比较两组患者血浆中CRP、FIB、PAI-1、HCY的水平。结果：与非CHD组比较,CHD组血浆CRP、FIB、PAI-1、HCY水平均显著升高（P均〈0.01）。事件组血浆CRP、FIB、PAI-1、HCY水平均较非事件组显著升高（P均〈0.05）。结论：血浆CRP、FIB、PAI-1、HCY水平的升高可以作为诊断CHD,预测稳定型心绞痛发生心血管事件危险性的指标。     

An increase of C-reactive protein is associated with enhanced activation of endogenous fibrinolysis at baseline but an impaired endothelial fibrinolytic response after venous occlusion

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine whether chronic inflammation of the vascular wall may be associated with an impaired activation of the fibrinolytic system. BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays an important role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, and the fibrinolytic system may prevent local thrombus formation. METHODS: We included 50 patients six months after their first myocardial infarction. Plasma levels of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined at basal conditions, and the fibrinolytic parameters tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) were measured at basal conditions and after a standardized venous occlusion (VO) of the forearm. RESULTS: Patients with high CRP levels (> or =3 mg/l) showed a significantly higher t-PA activity at baseline compared with patients with medium (1 to 2.9 mg/l) and low (<1 mg/l) CRP levels (p <0.005). In contrast, patients with low CRP levels showed a higher increase of t-PA activity (p <0.05) and a higher reduction of PAI-1 activity during VO (p <0.05) compared with patients with medium and high CRP levels. A multivariate analysis that included cardiovascular risk factors and medical treatment showed that CRP is an independent predictor of the t-PA response after a standardized VO. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with enhanced activation of endogenous fibrinolysis at baseline but a reduced fibrinolytic response to VO. This impaired endogenous fibrinolytic capacity might be an important contributor to the increased coronary event rate associated with elevated CRP levels.