麻风病人体内超氧化物歧化酶与脂质过氧化物含量的变化

超氧阴离子(·O_2~-)是吞噬细胞的重要杀菌物质。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)直接影响着体内·O_2~-的浓度。本研究分析各种类型麻风病人(LL、BL、TT、BT)体内SOD和脂质过氧化物(LPO)的变化,同时与正常人和非麻风皮肤病患者进行比较,探讨麻风病人的自由基代谢紊乱与麻风发病的关系。结果发现LL、BL活动期麻风病人组的SOD含量高于LL、BL、TT、BT痊愈病人组和TT、BT活动期病人组以及非麻风皮肤病患者组、正常对照组(P<0.05);而LPO则明显低于非麻风皮肤病患者组和正常对照组(P<0.01)。说明麻风病人体内SOD含量增高,与麻风病人主要是瘤型和界线偏瘤型麻风的发病有关。     

商洛市1949～1989年麻风病流行情况分析

目的为摸清我市麻风病流行情况并为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法经整理分析我市1949-1989年的麻风病防治资料和年报等资料。结果发现1949～1989年间,全市共发现麻风病人506名,治愈346名,死亡71名,现有各型麻风病人89名。其中:瘤型71人,界线类3人,结核样型14人,未定类1人。病人主要集中在洛南、镇安两县,占全市57%。疫源地分布呈高度散在,病人呈点状簇集分布。商洛病人全为当地居住病人。结论我市麻风病防治工作取得了显著成效,但早期发现率较低,为了实现消灭麻风病目标,现仍需进一步加强防治工作,及时培训基层防治人员,努力做到早期发现、早期治疗,以控制疫情蔓延回升。     

麻风病人及家属头发中锌铜含量的研究

本文用火焰原子吸收分光光谱法检测115例各型麻风病人、30例麻风家属和20名健康人的头发锌铜水平,结果显示各型病人及其家属发锌水平低于对照组,P<0.05～P<0.01。各型病人随麻风免疫光谱自TT向LL移动,发锌值有下降趋势,TT和LL比较差异显著,P<0.05。抗麻风化疗后瘤型病人较未治疗者发锌有所增加,P<0.05。各组发铜值比较差异不明显。     

各型麻风病人皮肤单核细胞HLA－DR抗原表达的研究

应用免疫细胞化学方法观察多菌型瘤型麻风（ＬＬ）１３例，界线类偏瘤型麻风（ＢＬ）３例，界线类麻风（ＢＢ）２例，界线类偏结核样型麻风〔ＢＴ）４例，结核样型麻风（ＴＴ）２例以及５例正常人皮肤水泡液内单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原表达。结果发现，正常对照组单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达率明显高于病人组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；各病人组间ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达率亦有显著性差别（Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５），其中以ＬＬ／ＢＬ组最低，依次为ＢＢ组、ＴＴ／ＢＴ组。提示麻风，特别是ＬＬ病人对麻风杆菌缺乏特异的细胞免疫可能与病人单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原表达减少，影响其向Ｔ细胞传递抗原关。     

麻风患者病损与非病损皮肤内神经末梢的研究(数量与病变形态观察)

29例麻风病(瘤型20例,结核样型6例,界线类3例)的病损皮肤和其中8例患者非病损皮肤内神经末梢的改变,与两例正常皮肤对照。对用Bielshowsky—Gross神经轴突银浸法的标本,连续切片,断续取片观察。并将皮肤和附件的神经分别计算。观察结果显示,病损皮肤内神经数量的变化,以结核样型减少为甚,其次为界线类,再次为瘤型;质的变化大致与数量变化相一致。8例患者非病损皮肤的神经,其数量比正常皮肤少,比病损皮肤多,并发现其数量减少及形态改变主要在乳头层及真皮浅层,并认为这种改变是值得进一步探讨的。     

麻风患者的免疫生物学现象

本文探讨了不同类型麻风患者的非特异性与特异性免疫生物学反应,前者包括体液性的血清蛋白成分的改变,血清粘蛋白值,以及细胞性的噬菌指数,并以补体结合体作为特异性体液性免疫因素的代表。结果如下:一、用纸上电泳法检查101例瘤型、89例结核样型患者的血清,并以20例健康献血员血清作对照。实验发现,瘤型组患者血清蛋白成分的改变较结核样型组为明显,后者主要表现为r球蛋白显著升高,β球蛋白减少;而瘤型组不仅r球蛋白更高,且白蛋白明显减少,白蛋白和球蛋白的比例     

瘤型麻风病人细胞免疫与细菌密度指数相关

应用淋巴细胞转化试验(LTT),E—瑰玫花形成试验(Ea—RFC. Ea—RFc)检测60例瘤型麻风病人的细胞免疫,并检查其细菌密度指数(BI)。结果表明,瘤型麻风病人的LTT,Et—RFC和Et—RFC均明显低于健康对照(p均<0.001);24例查菌阳性,BI为0.2—2.0.BI与LTT、Et—RFC无明显相关,与Ea—RFC呈负相关(r=0.42 p<0.05 n=24)。     

86例麻风联合化疗效果观察

1984年以来,我院对86例麻风进行联合化疗,现将有关临床、细菌、麻风反应和毒副作用的观察,以及停药监测结果报告如下。 1. 对象与方法 1.1 病例选择:共有患者89例,接受联合化疗(MDT)的86例,占96.6％。其中瘤型(LL)44例,界线类偏瘤型(BL)14例,中间界线类(BB)6例,界线类偏结核样型(BT)22例。男58例,女28例。年龄15～85岁,平均47.4岁。病期0.5～42年,平均6.7年。分为初治组(未经抗麻风治疗)50例,经治组(曾用过抗麻风药物)36例。86例麻风中属复发病例的36例。     

186例麻风愈后留院者复查分析

到1992年12月止，我院尚有住院麻风患者218例，除了现症病人32例外，还有186例愈后留院者，现将186例治愈者复查分析如下。1．临床资料1．1在186例中，男性114例占盯．3％，女性72例占用．7％；多菌型107例（包括瘤型LL，界线类偏瘤型BL，界线类BB）占57．5％，少菌型79例（包括结核样型TT，界线类偏结核样型B人未定类1）占42．5％，农民151例占81．2％，渔民14例占7．5％，工人10例占5．4地居民4例，干部3例，商人3例，教师1例；汉族182例，黎族3例，苗族五例。1．2年龄在15～29岁2例，30—49岁37例，占19．8％，50－59岁60例占32．3％…     

苏木兰及基拉木兰治疗麻风病的临床病理观察

用苏木兰、基拉木兰和DDS分别治疗29例(实验组)和8例(对照组)两组麻风病人。结果显示:实验组29例中,显著进步7例(占24.1%),进步15例(占51.8%),其中结节缩小或消失占65%,斑损缩小或消失占52%;外周神经变软,缩小及疼痛减轻或消失占67.8％,病损区麻木减轻或范围缩小占61.2%。对照组8例中无一例显著进步,进步与无进步各占4例,治疗前后临床表现的改变不明显。查菌:实验组治疗前后及两组间相比P<0.01。病理:实验组22例瘤型泡沫样细胞肉芽肿呈弥漫性浸润者疗前10例(45.5%),疗后下降到6例(27.3%),疗前岛状浸润16例(72.7%)疗后下降到7例(31.8%);7例结核样型,疗前结核样结节4例(57.1%)疗后降到2例(28.6%),4例疗前上皮样细胞呈小灶聚集疗后无变化。值得注意的是:治疗组22例瘤型和7例结核样型中各出现3例瘢痕形成。对照组8例病理变化不明显。表明苏木兰、基拉木兰治疗麻风病有一定效果。     

CHANGING TRENDS OF LEPROSY IN ARMED FORCES

A total of 651 cases of leprosy were hospitalised from Jan 1987 to Dec 1992. Each patient underwent haemogram, total and differential white cell count, urinalysis, liver function tests, skin slit smear for AFB and skin biopsy. Nerve conduction studies, electomyographic studies and nerve/nerve sheath biopsies were undertaken as and when indicated. These patients were managed with multidrug therapy. Paucibacillary (PB) leprosy accounted for 476 (73.1%) cases which comprised of indeterminate leprosy 90 (13.8%), tuberculoid leprosy 14 (2.2%), borderline tuberculoid leprosy 310 (47.6%) and neuritic leprosy 62 (9.5%). The remaining 175 patients (26.9%) were multibacillary (MB) which included borderline leprosy 9 (1.4%), borderline lepromatous leprosy 129 (19.8%) and lepromatous leprosy 37 (5.7%) patients. There were total 153 patients in 1987. This number declined to 44 in 1992. PB declined from 113 in 1987 to 39 in 1992 and MB cases from 40 to 5.KEY WORDS: Leprosy     

麻风病患者细胞免疫状态的检测

本文应用麻风菌素,PHA皮肤试验,E玫瑰花形成试验(Et—RFC,Ea—RFC)和淋巴细胞转化试渡(TT)对80例麻风患者(LL型60例、TT型20例),20名健康人进行了细胞免疫的检测。结果显示,麻风患者细胞免疫明显低于对照者,尤以LL型患者更为显著,经统计学处理有显著差异(P均<0.01 )。     

Renal lesions in leprosy amongst north Indian patients.

Sixty consecutive patients with leprosy were investigated for renal involvement. Clinically overt renal disease was present in 4 patients; 3 presented with a nephrotic state and one patient with progressive renal failure. Urinalysis showed daily protein loss ranging from 0.4 to 8.9 g in 8 patients and microscopic haematuria in 4 cases. Elevated levels of blood urea and creatinine were seen only in one patient with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. Of the 36 patients in whom distal tubular functions were evaluated, concentration and/or acidification defects were detected in 9 patients (25%). Renal histology revealed no abnormality in any of these patients. Serum C3 levels were decreased in 5 patients with lepromatous leprosy and 3 patients with borderline leprosy. Histological evidence of renal involvement was detected in 9 patients (15%). Amyloid deposits were seen in 3 (5%) patients of whom 2 had lepromatous leprosy and one had tuberculoid leprosy with chronic trophic ulcers. Mesangial proliferative lesions were seen in 5 (8.3%) and diffuse proliferative lesions (with crescents in more than 70% of glomeruli) in one patient. All of them had lepromatous leprosy. Three of the 5 patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis had erythema nodosum leprosum at the time of biopsy. Immunofluorescence studies revealed granular deposits of IgA, IgM and C3 in one patient with mesangial proliferation and IgA/IgM with or without C3 in 3 more patients in whom renal histology was normal. Glomerulonephritis associated with leprosy appears to be immune mediated but confirmation requires identification of lepra antigen in the glomerular immune complex deposits.     

Variation of intraocular pressure in patients with leprosy

INTRODUCTION: There are various controversial reports on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with leprosy. PURPOSE: The current study was undertaken to study the level of intraocular pressure in leprosy patients and its association with the risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective cross sectional comparative study. An ophthalmologist and a dermatologist evaluated consecutive 93 patients with leprosy. The risk factors studied were age, gender, bacillary index, clinical diagnosis, duration of disease and treatment; and ocular complications. The IOP in these patients was compared with healthy age and sex matched controls. RESULTS: A total of 186 leprosy patients (93) and healthy controls (93) were studied. The mean applanation IOP for the right and left eyes in leprosy patients was 12.87 1.20 mm of Hg and 13.222.70 mm of Hg respectively. This was found to be significantly lesser (p<0.001) than in the controls (RE=15.142.58 and LE=15.412.36 mmHg). The untreated leprosy patients had significantly lower IOP than those with treatment (p<0.001). None of the risk factors were found to be independently associated with the decrease in IOP. The duration of treatment, however, showed a trend towards having a significant association (p=0.057) with the lower level of IOP. CONCLUSION: The level of IOP is lower in leprosy patients than in the healthy controls. Age, gender, bacillary index and presence of ocular complications due to leprosy are not independently associated with the decrease in IOP. The untreated leprosy patient tends to have a lower IOP. This finding can be used to monitor effectiveness of treatment of leprosy.     

麻风患者PBMC中TLR2 mRNA表达与IL-2含量的相关性研究

目的检测麻风患者外周血单个核(PBMC)中TLR2m RNA的表达及血清中IL-2的水平,并与正常对照组比较,探讨其在麻风发生和发展中的作用。方法应用SYBR Green荧光定量RT—PCR技术检测TLR2mRNA在麻风现症患者PBMC中的表达以及ELISA技术检测IL-2在血清中的水平。结果麻风患者PBMC中,TLR2mRNA表达水平0.56±0.06,对照组0.22±0.01;患者组明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。IL-2(pg/ml)23.42±16.45,对照组6.64±4.24;患者组明显高于对照组(P<0.01),且其两者呈正相关(P=0.012,r=0.422)。结论麻风患者PBMC中TLR2mRNA的表达水平与血清IL-2水平有一定相关性,TLR2与IL-2可能参与了麻风的发生和发展过程并起到一定的作用。     

季节性面部接触性皮炎患者血清总IgE含量免疫放射测定

本文用免疫放射测定法(IRMA)对41例季节性面部接触性皮炎患者(季节组)进行血清总IgE含量测定,并与20例非季节性面部接触性皮炎患者(非季节组)及20例健康人作比较。测定结果经统计学处理,季节组血清总IgE含量及阳性率均明显高于非季节组(P<0.01)及健康组(P<0.01)而非季节组与健康组均无显著差异(P>0.50)。研究结果表明:季节性面部接触性皮炎的发病可能与IgE介导的免疫反应有关。     

MDS病人血清血管内皮生长因子水平检测

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)病人血清中的表达,及其对于MDS发生发展及预后的意义.方法 用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附方法(ELISA)检测43例MDS 病人血清VEGF水平,其中RA组16例,RAS组6例,RAEB组14例,RAEBT组7例,分析其与MDS分型及临床因素的关系,以正常人和急性髓细胞白血病(AML)病人为对照组.结果 RA组、RAS组病人VEGF水平与正常对照相比无明显差异(P＞0.05),RAEB组、RAEBT组VEGF水平均明显高于RA、RAS及正常对照组(F=34.33,q=3.34～12.01,P＜0.05).血清VEGF水平与病人的外周血常规、骨髓原始细胞比例有关(F=2.46、32.58,q=2.80～11.54,P＜0.05).结论 VEGF水平与MDS的发展转归有关.     

高血压患者血尿酸水平与病情的关系

目的:探讨高血压患者血尿酸水平及其与病情的关系。方法:测定120例不同危险度分层的高血压患者(高危与很高危组60例,中危与低危组60例)与40例正常对照者的血尿酸水平。结果:高血压组血尿酸水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),高尿酸血症(HUA)检出率(41.67%)也高于对照组(10.0％,P<0.01)。且高危与很高危组血尿酸水平则高于中危与低危组(P<0.05),HUA检出率(51.67%)也高于后者(31.67％,P<0.05)。结论:高血压患者血尿酸水平显著升高且与病情进展有关。