佛山市普君街道办事处老年高血压患病率调查

目的探讨广东佛山市普君街道办事处老年高血压患病率情况.方法按统一方法对佛山市禅城区普君街道办事处60岁以上常住居民3382人进行现场问卷调查,同时测量人体基本参数如血压、身高、体重等,并进行餐后2小时血糖测定,以及空腹血糖、血脂常规、血尿酸等测定.结果高血压粗患病率40.0%,标化率为40.0%,较佛山1993年(51.5%)明显下降.单纯收缩期高血压(ISH)粗患病率21.3%,标化率为22.1%.女性患病率高于男性.新检出高血压患者占高血压病患者总数的40.1%,ISH占高血压病患者总数的53.9%,随年龄增长高血压患病率增高.老年人群平均收缩压(SBP)为126±17 mmHg、舒张压(DBP)为77±8 mmHg、脉压(PP)为49±11 mmHg.高血压组的年龄、血压、体重、体重指数、餐后2小时血糖、空腹血糖、尿酸及血脂(总胆固醇、甘油三酯)与非高血压组比较有差异,(P<0.01～0.05).结论高血压与多种危险因素有密切相关,佛山市老年人高血压患病率高,应当重视开展高血压的社区防治.     

广东省佛山市老年代谢综合征流行调查

目的　探讨广东佛山老年代谢综合征及其相关疾病的患病情况。方法 按统一方法对佛山市禅城区普君街道办事处60岁以上常住5年以上居民进行现场问卷调查,同时测量人体基本参数如血压、身高、体重等,并进行餐后2 h血糖测定,以及空腹血糖、血脂常规、血尿酸等测定。结果　老年人代谢综合征标化患病率为 27. 2%,其他标化患病率分别为,超重 30. 7%、肥胖 6 .2%、高血压40 .0%、糖尿病18 .3%、糖调节受损 32 3%、高甘油三酯血症 22 .5%、低 HDL C血症 20 2%,除低HDL-C血症男性高于女性,其余均为女性高于男性。大约 90% 居民有一种代谢紊乱,60%居民有2至3种代谢异常,具有代谢异常患病率为90 .76%。结论 佛山市老年人代谢综合征的患病率高,具有代谢异常患病率更高,应当重视对老年人健康检查,及早防治心血管并发症。     

广东省佛山市老年代谢综合征流行调查

目的 探讨广东佛山老年代谢综合征及其相关疾病的患病情况.方法按统一方法对佛山市禅城区普君街道办事处60岁以上常住5年以上居民进行现场问卷调查,同时测量人体基本参数如血压、身高、体重等,并进行餐后2 h血糖测定,以及空腹血糖、血脂常规、血尿酸等测定.结果 老年人代谢综合征标化患病率为27.2%,其他标化患病率分别为,超重30.7%、肥胖6.2%、高血压40.0%、糖尿病18.3%、糖调节受损32.3%、高甘油三酯血症22.5%、低HDL-C血症20.2%,除低HDL-C血症男性高于女性,其余均为女性高于男性.大约90% 居民有一种代谢紊乱,60%居民有2至3种代谢异常,具有代谢异常患病率为90.76%.结论佛山市老年人代谢综合征的患病率高,具有代谢异常患病率更高,应当重视对老年人健康检查,及早防治心血管并发症.     

佛山市某社区老年人高尿酸血症与相关因素调查分析

目的 了解广东省佛山市老年人高尿酸血症的患病情况及相关因素分析。方法 按统一方法对佛山市禅城区普君街道办事处60岁以上常住5年以上居民进行现场问卷调查，同时测量人体基本参数血压、身高、体重等，检验血尿酸、血糖、血脂。结果 高尿酸血症患病率为37.9％，男性稍高于女性，两者相比无差异（P〉0．05）。患病率随年龄增加而增高（趋势分析，P〈0．01）。结论 佛山市老年人高尿酸血症患病率高，要注重老年人群的血压、体重、血脂、血糖及血尿酸的异常，早期发现、早期干预治疗，以减少心血管疾病的发生。     

我国老年人群单纯性收缩期高血压患病率及影响因素

目的　了解我国老年人群单纯性收缩期高血压的患病率及影响因素。方法　使用1991年全国高血压抽样调查资料 ,以≥ 6 0岁为老年人 ,单纯性收缩期高血压诊断标准按照 1999年WHO/ISH的规定 :收缩压≥ 14 0mmHg(1mmHg =0 133kPa)和舒张压 <90mmHg ,其亚型为收缩压 14 0～ 14 9mmHg和舒张压 <90mmHg ,分析患病率及其相关的影响因素。结果　 (1)我国 6 0岁及以上人群单纯性收缩期高血压患病率为 2 1 5 0 % ,亚型患病率为 9 0 4 % ;如按收缩压≥ 16 0mmHg和舒张压 <90mmHg计算患病率则为 6 83%。 (2 )年龄增长是影响患病率最为明显的因素 ,35岁始患病率随年龄增长而显著升高 ;每增长 10岁患病率约增高一倍。性别差异则表明 35岁前男性患病率高于女性 ,但此后女性随年龄增长单纯性收缩期高血压上升幅度则高于男性。 (3)体重指数的大小与患病率成正比。结论　我国老年单纯性收缩期高血压患病率为 2 1 5 0 % ,占老年高血压总人数的5 3 2 1%。在老年高血压患者中防治单纯性收缩期高血压是降低人群高血压致死致残的重要组成部分。     

兰州市40岁以上居民高血压病患病率及其危险因素分析

目的:调查兰州市社区40岁以上居民高血压病的患病情况并分析其相关危险因素。方法:整群随机抽取兰州市天庆嘉园社区1 969名40岁以上居民进行问卷调查,并测其身高、体重、腰围、血压、空腹血糖、餐后血糖、血脂。高血压的诊断以1999年中国高血压联盟提出的新标准为依据。调查居民中高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率,并分析高血压的相关危险因素。结果:40岁以上居民中高血压病患病率为43.47%,标化患病率为38.12%;男性患病率高于女性(39.41%比36.93%,P<0.001)。高血压知晓率为60.75%,治疗率40.07%,控制率为15.89%。Logistic回归分析结果表明,打鼾、空腹血糖升高、高血压家族史、常吃咸菜、年龄、常吃肉类、腰围增大均为高血压的危险因素。结论:兰州市居民高血压病患病率达38.12%,而知晓率、治疗率和控制率低,急需建立有效的综合干预策略。     

糖尿病合并高血压现状及其影响-成都7288例人群分析

目的　糖尿病与高血压二者均为最常见心血管危险因素且常同时并存 ,导致大量心血管病事件与死亡 ,受到日益广泛关注 ,国内尚少大系列有关调查报告 ,本研究观察人群中二者现状及其影响因素。方法　自 99年元月到2 0 0 0年 4月采用整群抽样对成都市 18～ 80岁有代表性人群 72 88人的重要心血管危险因素进行综合调查。本文为系列研究中有关糖尿病合并高血压部分 ,高血压按 1999WHO/ISH诊断标准 ,糖尿病按ADA诊断标准。本组患病率指 18～ 80岁人群。结果　本组血压正常人群 ,空腹血糖平均 5 12mmol/L ,高血压者 5 4 7mmol/L(P <0 0 1) ,血糖正常者与糖尿病人群平均血压分别为 117/ 77mmHg ,12 8/ 79mmHg。总人群血糖增高者 7 97% ,血压增高者15 4 5 %。不论男女均有显著差别 (P <0 0 1)。血糖正常者高血压患病率为 14 11% ,空腹血糖升高者高血压患病率为 32 1% ,糖尿病为 39 2 %。正常血压与高血压者之糖尿病患病率分别为 2 88%及 8 82 % ,糖尿病合并高血压者占总人群的 1 82 %。高血压及糖尿病患者常见危险因素TG、TC、尿酸、心率均高于正常人 ,糖尿病合并高血压时TG水平不高于糖尿病 ,血尿酸不高于高血压 ,HDL不低于普通人群及单独高血压或糖尿病。糖尿病与高血压单独存在较一般人具有更高的高血     

宁波市1162人的血压调查报告

目的　了解宁波市城乡高血压患病情况及影响因素。方法　随机抽取城市、农村各 2个点进行血压、血糖、血脂、体重指数及病史等项目检测。结果　宁波市高血压总患病粗率为 34 77% ,标化患病率为19 98% (按照 1982年全国人口普查统计数据标化 ,下同 )。城市高血压患病率 35 4 4 % ,标化患病率为18 0 5 % ,农村高血压患病率为 34 12 % ,标化患病率为 2 1 4 9% ;6 0岁以上老年人高血压患病率为 6 2 72 % ,标化患病率为 6 0 17% ,单纯收缩期高血压占老年患病人数的 5 1 4 2 % ;高血压知晓率 5 0 0 % ,治疗率 4 3 1% ,控制率 8 9% ;体重指数≥ 2 4 ;高血压患病率明显增高 ;高血压患者中 12 92 %血糖异常 ,5 3 2 3%血脂异常 ,7 4 9%尿酸异常。结论　宁波市城乡高血压患病率呈快速增长趋势 ,与其生活方式的改变、体重超重、饮酒、摄钠过多及家族史等因素有关。高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率不理想 ,尤其是农村 ,必须尽快采取干预措施。     

绍兴市人群2003年高血压调查分析

目的　了解绍兴市人群高血压流行特点与趋势。方法　采用多阶段抽样方法 ,随机抽取绍兴市城乡各 2个社区和行政村 ,对 15岁以上自然人群 10 38名居民进行高血压流行病学调查。结果　绍兴市居民高血压患病率 2 7 2 6 % ,标化患病率 19 6 0 % ,较 1990年增长 10个百分点 ,每年几乎以 1%的速度递增。高血压患病率随年龄的增长而逐年上升 ,与 1990年相比 ,高血压患病年龄前移了 5年。城乡居民的高血压患病率基本一致 (患病率分别为 2 7 0 8%、2 7 4 4 % ,标化患病率为 19 75 %、2 0 11% )。血脂、血糖、体重指数、高血压家族史、饮酒和尿酸等因素与高血压密切相关。结论　绍兴市居民高血压患病率呈明显上升趋势 ;血脂、血糖、体重指数、高血压家族史、饮酒和尿酸等是高血压的危险因素 ;提示加强高血压的社区综合干预十分必要     

浙江省三地区人群血脂、血糖、体质指数与血压关系的分析

目的　探讨浙江省三地区自然人群血脂、血糖、体质指数与血压之间的关系。方法　对三地区 2 5～ 74岁自然人群进行血压、血脂、血糖和身高、体重的调查。结果　 ( 1)三地区高血压患病率为 2 5 .5 8% ,标化率 2 1.0 6 ,其中 :嘉兴 2 4 .91% ,绍兴 2 7.80 % ,丽水 2 4 .0 7% ,>5 5岁年龄组患病率显著高于≤ 5 5岁年龄组 ,差异有显著性 ( P<0 .0 5 )。( 2 )三地区人群血脂、血糖异常率和超重分别为 :高胆固醇 ( TC) 2 3.39% ,高甘油三酯 ( TG) 32 .72 % ,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 ( HDL - C) 6 .81% ,高血糖 ( GL U ) 5 .73% ,体质指数 ( BMI)≥ 2 5为 2 2 .31%。( 3)高血糖、超重和高血脂人群中高血压患病率分别为 :5 3.6 2 %、39.70 %、36 .5 0 %、36 .18% ,明显高于血糖、血脂和体重正常的人群 ,血压与GL U、BMI、TG、TC水平呈正相关。结论　高血糖、超重、高血脂是高血压的主要危险因素 ,尤其以 >5 5岁龄组为显著。提示 :高血糖、超重、高血脂以及中、老年人群是社区高血压干预的重点对象。     

Prevalence and risk factors for isolated untreated systolic hypertension in rural Mongolian and Han populations

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and correlative risk factors of isolated untreated systolic hypertension and other hypertension subtypes among Mongolians and Han rural adults of China. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study was conducted in 2004-2006 and used a multistage cluster sampling method to select a representative sample. A total of 41,356 people who did not take antihypertensive drugs during the last 2 weeks and aged 35 years or older were examined. A survey on blood pressure and associated risk factors was carried out. Overall, 10.2% of rural adults had isolated systolic hypertension, 6.3% had isolated diastolic hypertension and 15.3% had systolo-diastolic hypertension (Han: 9.8%, 6.2%, 14.7%; Mongolians: 11.6%, 6.4%, 17.6%, respectively). The prevalence of ISH and SDH increased with age. Mongolians had a higher prevalence of ISH and SDH than Han people. Age, gender, BMI, and salt intake were risk factors of ISH and SDH both for Han people and Mongolians. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension was very common in rural people of China, and it was associated with many risk factors. These results place great emphasis on the urgent need for a public health programme to improve the detection, prevention and treatment of hypertension in the rural population of China.     

澳门地区老年单纯性收缩期高血压患病率及其与脑卒中的关系

目的 调查澳门地区老年人单纯性收缩期高血压（ＩＳＨ）的患病情况,并了解其与脑卒中的关系。方法 按统一标准,以家庭为单位对５１７７人进行问卷调查,测量血压,并进行脑血管病的检诊。结果 确诊ＩＳＨ患病率为４．１７％,临界ＩＳＨ患病率为４．９％,女性患病率高于男性;确诊ＩＳＨ和临界ＩＳＨ的患病率老年组较非老年组明显增高,且女性患病率的增高更剧;随年龄增长,随卒中的危险性也增加。多因素分析显示,脑卒中与年     

社区人群高血压类型与脑卒中发病关系研究

目的了解不同高血压类型与脑卒中发病之间的关系。方法收集年龄≥35岁社区人群的数据资料,对36836例基线调查时测得的血压与随访3 a监测的脑卒中发病情况进行相关分析,将新发脑卒中作为研究终点。结果高血压患病率约为23.9%;其中单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）患病率为11.1%,单纯舒张期高血压（IDH）为2.3%,混合型高血压（SDH）为10.5%。随访114339人年,共发生脑卒中事件356例,其中缺血性卒中240例,出血性卒中97例,未分类卒中19例,总脑卒中的发病率为311.4/10万人年。SDH组发生脑卒中的危险比其他组高,其发生总的脑卒中、缺血性卒中和出血性卒中的相对危险度及95%CI分别为3.03（2.20-4.15）、2.66（1.81-3.90）、3.09（1.67-5.69）。SDH组男性发生脑卒中的危险比女性高。结论ISH的患病率比IDH高,二者均会增加发生脑卒中的危险。SDH患者发生脑卒中的危险性最高,应该及时积极治疗。     

Isolated systolic hypertension: data on a cohort of young subjects from a French working population (IHPAF)

Elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH)--systolic blood pressure (SBP) > or =140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <90 mmHg--have increased mortality and morbidity. The aim was to study the incidence of ISH in a younger population of between 15 and 60 years of age, and to measure pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in these subjects. The study population consisted of 27 783 subjects, aged 15-60 years, untreated for hypertension (HT) from a cohort of employees formed to study the incidence of HT in the French working population (AIHFP). BP and HR were measured with a validated, automatic device after 5, 6 and 7 min at rest. The prevalence of ISH was 6.9% in men, 2.3% in women. This prevalence was over 5% in young men and increased at 40-44 years; it was negligible in young women, but increased at 50-54 years to about 10% (ie to the same level as in men of the same age): PP in subjects with ISH (46.9 mmHg) was significantly higher than in the normotensive group (NT-40.9 mmHg); it was comparable in both young men (65.5 mmHg) and older men (66 mmHg); it was higher in men (63.1 mmHg) than in women (61.5 mmHg). HR was higher in ISH than in NT and it was higher in women ( approximately 5 bpm) in whom it decreased with age. The prevalence of ISH is not negligible in HT (30% men, 25% women), with a high prevalence in young subjects and elevated PP, MAP and HR values. These data should be taken into account as elevated ISH, PP and HR are considered as cardio-vascular risk factors.     

The prevalence and risk factors associated with isolated untreated systolic hypertension in Korea: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001

Although isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) increases the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke, more than any other hypertension subtype, the prevalence and risk factors associated with ISH in the Korean population are not known. The 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey was a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey conducted in 2001. The prevalence of ISH by age and body mass index (BMI) was examined in 6601 Korean adults over 20 years of age. After adjusting for age, 4.32+/-0.32% of Korean adults had ISH, 5.28+/-0.37% had isolated diastolic hypertension and 5.82+/-0.36% had systolic/diastolic hypertension. The overall prevalence of ISH was found to increase directly with advancing age and increasing BMI. Although the ISH was found to be more common in men overall (4.81+/-0.50% in men, 4.12+/-0.37% in women), it was more common in women over 70 years of age. Independent variables associated with risk for ISH included advanced age, BMI, triglyceride (TG) levels, monthly income and alcohol intake. However, gender, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, residential area, education level and smoking were found not to be significantly associated with ISH risk. The findings of the present study demonstrate that the prevalence of untreated ISH in Korea was lower than in Western countries. Age, BMI, TG levels, monthly income and alcohol intake were associated with ISH.     

Conventional antihypertensive drug therapy does not prevent the increase of pulse pressure with age

Increased pulse pressure (PP), an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk, may be quantified on the basis of the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) in the population at large. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ISH and its relation to age and drug therapy in a large group of outpatient hypertensive subjects in France. Between March and December 1999, 2975 French general practitioners included 17 716 consecutive patients with uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] >140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure [DBP] >90 mm Hg), either treated or not treated. They were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning associated cardiovascular risk factors and ongoing antihypertensive therapy. Subjects were classified according to 5 age ranges (from 18 to 103 years). In each age range, SBP, DBP, mean blood pressure, and PP were significantly lower (P<0.001) in treated subjects than in untreated subjects, with the exception of PP in subjects >75 years. The latter finding resulted from a significant increase of SBP and PP with age, together with a significant lowering of DBP with age, irrespective of drug treatment. Subsequently, the prevalence of ISH increased with age from 20.4% to 35.2% in men and women. In any given age range, drug therapy for hypertension is associated with marginally lower values of PP. In the studied populations, the increase of PP with age is independent of gender and of the presence of antihypertensive drug treatment, leading to an increased prevalence of ISH and a subsequent increase of cardiovascular risk with age.     

Prevalence of isolated systolic and isolated diastolic hypertension subtypes in China

BACKGROUND: Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), more so than any other hypertension subtype, increases the risk for stroke and coronary heart disease. The prevalence of ISH versus other hypertension subtypes in the general Chinese adult population is not known. METHODS: The prevalence of isolated systolic and isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) was examined in a representative national sample of 15,540 Chinese adults aged 35 to 74 years. Three seated blood pressure (BP) measurements taken after 5 min of rest were averaged and hypertension subtypes were defined among individuals not receiving antihypertensive therapy as follows: ISH as systolic BP >/=140 mm Hg and diastolic BP <90 mm Hg; IDH as systolic BP <140 mm Hg and diastolic BP >/=90 mm Hg; and combined systolic/diastolic hypertension (SDH) as a systolic BP >/=140 mm Hg and diastolic BP >/=90 mm Hg. RESULTS: Overall, 7.6% of the Chinese adult population had ISH, 7.4% had SDH, and 4.4% had IDH. The prevalence of ISH increased with age and was more common in older women than in older men. Stage 1 hypertension was much more prevalent than stage 2 hypertension among all hypertension subtypes. The prevalence of SDH, IDH, and ISH (women, only) were higher in northern China than southern. The prevalence of ISH and SDH (women, only) were higher among rural residents versus urban residents. CONCLUSIONS: These data document high rates of ISH in China. Given the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with ISH, our findings underscore the critical need for enhanced hypertension screening and treatment programs in China.     

韶关地区佛教僧尼血压状况及其相关因素的调查

目的调查韶关地区佛教僧尼这一纯素食人群的血压状况及其高血压相关因素。方法整群抽取韶关地区六所佛教寺、庵内的住寺僧尼作为调查对象。结果与韶关地区普通人群相应调查结果比较。结果僧尼的标化高血压患病率为5.08%（1978年WHO高血压确诊标准）和11.74%（1999年WHO/ISH高血压诊断标准）,与韶关地区普通人群高血压调查结果比较无显著性差异。讨论僧尼高血压患病率不低于普通人群与预期不符,原因可能与僧尼的生活较为拘谨,活动甚少,体重指数不比普通人群低、甚至体重超重（BMI>=24）的比率略高于普通人群,食盐摄入量多有关。     

拉萨市区藏族中老年人群高血压患病率调查

目的 了解拉萨市区藏族中老年人群高血压患病情况及影响因素。方法 采用在居民集中区普查的方法对4853例藏族中老年人群进行血压、血糖及体重指数等检查。结果 拉萨市区藏族中老年人群高血压患病率为40．68％，并且发现年龄与高血压患病率呈正相关；60岁以上老年人单纯收缩期高血压患病率明显增加，超重肥胖发生率及血糖异常率，高血压组明显高于正常血压组。高血压知晓率39．56％，治疗率29．64％，控制率9．68％。结论 西藏拉萨市区藏族中老年人高血压患病率高，与其特殊的地理环境、生活方式、过多脂肪和钠盐的摄入、运动量较少、低文化程度等有关。高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率较低，必须采取干预措施。     

部队青年高血压患病率调查及相关因素分析

目的 了解部队青年高血压的发病率及其影响因素。方法 用统一设计,统一表格,统一标准化的方法调查北京地区5个海军基层部队1781人,年龄16～39岁。结果 高血压患病率为6.88％,以轻型高血压为主(6.18％),患病的平均年龄为24岁。与患病主要相关的因素是性别,年龄,家族遗传史及超重。结论 高血压的一级预防应在青年阶段尽早进行。