Sex partner meeting venues and out-of-state sex partners among men who have sex with men with early syphilis in Connecticut

OBJECTIVES: To examine sex partner meeting venues and out-of-state sex partners among men who have sex with men (MSM) with syphilis in Connecticut, a state with moderate syphilis prevalence. GOAL: To better understand transmission dynamics in the current syphilis epidemic. STUDY DESIGN: Review of health department records. RESULTS: A total of 185 MSM were diagnosed with early syphilis in Connecticut from 2000 to 2005 (mean age, 36 years; 56% white, 37% HIV-positive). Fifty-two percent of cases reported meeting sex partners at venues that facilitate multiple and/or anonymous sexual encounters including gay clubs or bars (22%), Internet (18%), and adult bookstores (12%). Meeting sex partners in venues increased over time and was associated with nonmetropolitan residence of the case. Forty-three percent of cases had an out-of-state sex partner during the time in which they likely acquired their infection. Having out-of-state sex partners decreased during the study period. Throughout 2000-2005, having out-of-state sex partners was positively associated with bathhouse use and negatively associated with use of adult bookstores. CONCLUSIONS: The observed pattern of increased meeting sex partners in venues located within the state and decreased out-of-state sex partners over time is suggestive of increasing transmission within the state of Connecticut.     

A consequence of the syphilis epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM): neurosyphilis in Los Angeles, 2001-2004

OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology and clinical findings of neurosyphilis (NS) cases diagnosed during the current syphilis epidemic occurring predominantly among men who have sex with men. METHODS: Syphilis cases reported to the health department were reviewed for diagnosis of NS, cerebrospinal fluid venereal disease research laboratory results, and/or treatment for NS. RESULTS: During 2001-2004, 7083 cases of syphilis were diagnosed in Los Angeles. One hundred nine cases of confirmed or probable NS occurring among persons aged 19 to 65 years were identified during this period (1.5%). Symptomatic NS was present in 1.2% of reported syphilis cases (86 of 7083). NS cases were inclusive of 71 (65%) men who have sex with men. Forty-two (49%) of the symptomatic NS cases occurred during secondary (N = 28) or early latent (N = 14) syphilis. Sixty-eight percent (N = 74) of the NS cases were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. The estimated incidence of symptomatic NS among HIV-infected persons with early syphilis was 2.1% as compared with 0.6% among HIV-negative persons. CONCLUSION: Providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for NS among patients with syphilis, particularly those with HIV infection.     

Repeat syphilis among men who have sex with men--San Diego County, 2004-2009

Among 614 men who have sex with men in San Diego County with early syphilis during January 2004 to June 2007, 74 (11.7%; 95% confidence interval: 9.3%-14.4%) had repeat syphilis within 2 years. HIV-infected MSM were more likely to have repeat syphilis (odds ratio: 1.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 3.4).     

Screening for syphilis among men who have sex with men in various clinical settings

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of syphilis infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) accessing the Brisbane Sexual Health Clinic during the period 1997 up to May 2003, data were collated through three clinical programmes conducted by the service-a large inner city mainstream sexual health clinic and two small outreach sessional clinics conducted on the site of male sex on premises venues (SOPV). Data analysis also provided the opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the smaller outreach clinics to access populations of MSM less likely to attend or identify at the larger mainstream clinic, and therefore enhance the detection of previously undiagnosed sexually transmissible infections. METHODS: Computerised records from 1997-2003 were collated for a statistical analysis of syphilis and other STI pathology results for all MSM accessing the mainstream clinic, and two outreach clinics. RESULTS: A review of client charts showed that 16 new syphilis diagnoses were made over the previous 5 years, but only two of these infections (both through the mainstream clinic) were early syphilis and therefore transmissible. All other cases were latent infections. A higher proportion of bisexual men was identified with positive syphilis serology but this was just below significance (p=0.06). Significantly, almost a third of syphilis diagnoses (all latent) were made at SOPV outreach clinics, despite the much lower proportion of clients seen overall through the SOPV clinics. For other sexually transmissible infections, the mainstream clinic demonstrated greater efficiency at case detection. CONCLUSION: Outreach clinics located in male saunas may serve an effective function in syphilis screening by facilitating access for a particular subpopulation of MSM (bisexual, married men). These outreach clinics may provide important outlets for education and opportunistic screening of asymptomatic MSM and foster a greater willingness for men to honestly self identify. However, larger, mainstream clinics serve a more anonymous venue for the testing of symptomatic men.     

深圳市男男性接触人群梅毒合并HIV感染状况及其危险因素分析

目的：了解深圳市近6个月内发生过同性临时性行为的MSM人群梅毒合并HIV感染状况及其相关影响因素。方法：运用滚雪球法和同伴推动抽样法招募MSM进行问卷调查和血清学检测,采用χ2检验和Logistic回归分析梅毒HIV合并感染的相关影响因素。结果：共调查434例MSM,梅毒和HIV感染率分别为16.4%和12.2%,梅毒合并HIV感染率为7.3%。年龄越大（OR=4.0,P=0.0007）、高中/中专文化者（OR=6.5,P=0.0081）、性角色以被动方为主者（OR=12.1,P=0.0017）、多个同性肛交性伴者（OR=1.5,P=0.0455）、不能坚持每次使用安全套者（OR=2.9,P=0.0236）,其梅毒合并HIV感染风险越高。结论：需要采取更大努力来应对该人群的梅毒和HIV双重感染问题。     

Relationship between syphilis and HIV infections among men who have sex with men in Beijing, China

BACKGROUND: Little is known about risk of HIV and other STDs among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. OBJECTIVE: To survey the prevalence and risk factors of HIV and syphilis and evaluate correlation of two infections among MSM in the Chinese capital city. METHODS: A community-based sample of 526 MSM was recruited in 2005 through Internet advertising, community outreach, and peer referring. Interviewer-administered interviews were conducted to collect information on demographics and sexual and other risk behaviors, and blood samples were collected to test for syphilis and HIV infections. RESULTS: Seventeen (3.2%) participants were HIV seropositive and 59 (11.2%) syphilis seropositive. Sixty-four percent of participants were migrants who did not have Beijing residence. Forty percent had >10 lifetime male sex partners and 28.8% reported having ever had sex with women. Consistent condom use with primary male sex partners ranged from 21% to 24%, with nonprimary male sex partners from 35% to 42%, and with female partners around 33%. Illicit drug use was not common; only 2.5% reported using Ecstasy or ketamine in the past 6 months. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that >10 lifetime male sex partners were independently associated with seropositivity of both syphilis (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.4) and HIV (OR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.4-13.6). In addition, HIV infection is significantly associated with syphilis seropositivity (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.3-10.8). CONCLUSIONS: High mobility, multiple sexual partners, and high prevalence of unprotected sex behaviors and syphilis infection suggest a potential rapid spread of HIV in Chinese MSM.     

男男性行为人群新型毒品使用及与HIV梅毒感染关系

目的探究在男男性行为人群中新型毒品使用的现状,及新型毒品使用与HIV梅毒感染关系,并分析影响新型毒品使用的影响因素。方法选取2015年1月至2017年6月黄冈市中心医院专科门诊诊治的400例患者作为研究对象。对于研究对象进行问卷调查,收集一般人口学特征、高危性行为和毒品使用等,对于HIV和梅毒进行实验室检测。结果本研究纳入的400名研究对象中,年龄(23.1±3.9)岁,有87名研究对象使用了新型毒品,占21.75%,主要使用的毒品为零号胶囊。使用新型毒品的MSM HIV感染率为24.1%,梅毒感染率为21.8%,远高于未使用新型的MSM人群。分析发现月收入、曾购买过性服务、做过男性性工作者、过去一年接受过性病艾滋病宣教等指标都对于新型毒品的使用有影响。结论在男男性行为人群中新型毒品的使用率较高,并且新型毒品的使用增加了梅毒和HIV的感染风险,应重点加强对于高收入人群、买卖性服务人群的健康教育和干预。     

北京市2012年男男性行为者HIV及梅毒感染状况调查

【摘要】 目的 了解北京市男男性行为（MSM）人群HIV及梅毒感染状况,探讨两者之间的相关性。 方法 对北京市艾滋病哨点监测MSM人群600例进行HIV及梅毒实验室检测。用ELISA方法对所有研究对象样本进行HIV初筛,初筛阳性者用免疫印迹方法进行确认;梅毒检测采用快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验（RPR）与梅毒螺旋体明胶凝集试验（TPPA）两种方法同时进行,TPPA阳性者即视为梅毒感染者（包括既往感染与现症感染）;符合条件的HIV阳性血清还接受HIV-1 BED捕获酶联法（BED方法）检测并计算HIV在此人群中的发病率;对MSM人群HIV及梅毒感染状况进行统计学相关性分析。 结果 MSM人群600例,HIV阳性49例,阳性率8.17%;HIV新近感染14例,发病率为4.68%。HIV感染者表现出外地户籍比重大、学历层次相对较高的特点。梅毒RPR与TPPA均阳性51例（8.5%）,感染率（含既往感染）为18.5%（111/600）。 结论 北京市哨点监测MSM人群HIV感染率及发病率、梅毒感染率均维持在较高水平;HIV感染与梅毒感染有显著相关性。     

Discussing HIV serostatus with prospective sex partners: a potential HIV prevention strategy among high-risk men who have sex with men

OBJECTIVE: To study factors associated with HIV serostatus discussions among men who have sex with men (MSM). DESIGN: The authors conducted a cross-sectional survey among MSM visiting an urban sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic. METHODS: MSM were asked about sex partner recruitment, serostatus of partners, condom use, drugs use, and HIV serostatus discussions with sex partners. RESULTS: Among 1,400 MSM reporting occasional sex partners, serostatus discussion with 100% of partners was reported by 509 (36.3%), with 50% to 99% of partners by 263 (18.8%), and with <50% of partners by 628 (44.9%). Factors associated with serostatus discussion included lower number of sex partners, anal sex with an occasional partner, and sex partner recruitment through the Internet. Partner recruitment in bathhouses and having sex with both men and women were negatively associated. CONCLUSIONS: Discussion of HIV serostatus was common among MSM studied. Although this strategy has limitations, interventions should address HIV status discussions. Because the Internet may facilitate these discussions, web-based interventions should be evaluated.     

男男性行为艾滋病毒感染者梅毒感染的影响因素分析

目的:了解男男性行为(MSM)艾滋病毒感染者之梅毒感染的影响因素,为医师制定合适的行为介入和卫教宣导干预方案提供指导。方法:本研究于2014年1月至2015年6月期间,以自填问卷的方式,对我院建档复诊的MSM艾滋病毒感染者进行问卷调查,问卷调查内容主要包括人口学基本资料、健康状况及服药情况、性行为模式三大部分。结果:263例MSM艾滋病毒感染者中,48.7%出现梅毒感染,单因素分析发现,职业、病程、CD4 T细胞数量、病毒载量、是否使用HAART药物、主要性伴侣是否为HIV感染者、是否有非主要性伴侣、有无使用娱乐性药物8个因素是艾滋病毒感染者之梅毒感染的相关变项。多因素分析发现,教师/军人/公职人员(OR=0.20)是梅毒感染的保护因素,使用HAART药物(OR=4.67)、主要性伴侣是/有的是有的不是HIV感染者(OR=3.41)、有非主要性伴侣(OR=2.19)以及使用娱乐性药物(OR=2.14)是梅毒感染的危险因素。结论:MSM艾滋病感染者之后感染梅毒的情况较为普遍,在后续的追踪管理中应结合危险因素加强对高危人员的行为介入和卫教宣导,减少其梅毒感染几率。     

MSM性工作者的健康与保护

目的:了解男男性行为者(MSM)中男性性工作者(money-boy,MB)群体的健康保护需求.方法:组织4个MB职场老板和15名从业MB与专家共同召开小型需求座谈会.结果:对性病诊疗的重要已经成为共识,性病感染者就诊受到性病规范服务的调节.口交保护措施、多型号安全套和国产润滑剂质量提高是MB的需求,而性顾客对MB是否采取安全性行为有重要影响.结论:MB的健康干预是一个系统工作,需要调动社会力量加强宣传,共同促进健康保护工具的质量提高和品种的多样化,同时要加强性病诊疗规范化服务的培训和督导,建立起服务促进平台,促进性病诊疗工作的质量提高.