Evaluation of bone loss and the serum markers of bone metabolism in patients with hyperparathyroidism

Bone loss and the serum markers of bone metabolism were studied in 22 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and 108 patients with renal hyperparathyroidism. The parameters of bone loss were bone mineral density in the distal radius and lumbar vertebrae, measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and bone mass index (GS/D) and the metacarpal index, in the second metacarpal bone, measured by the digital image processing method. Alkaline phosphatase (AIP), intact osteocalcin (OC), and the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) were measured as serum markers of bone formation, while tartrate-resistant acid phsophatase (TRACP) and the carboxyterminal pyridinoline cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were measured as serum markers of bone resorption. Bone loss and elevated markers of bone metabolism were observed both in patients with skeletal symptoms and in those without. Furthermore, the decrease in the cortical bone mass was more predominant than that of the trabecular bone. As markers of bone formation, AIP and OC seemed to be more sensitive than PICP, and as markers of bone resorption, ICTP appeared to be more sensitive than TRACP. Thus, a close correlation was observed between bone loss and the markers of bone formation and resorption.     

骨愈灵胶囊对绝经后骨质疏松症的疗效及骨代谢指标的影响

目的观察骨愈灵胶囊对绝经后骨质疏松症的疗效及骨代谢指标的影响。方法 148例绝经后骨质疏松症患者纳入本研究并随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组患者给予骨愈灵胶囊治疗,对照组患者给予雷洛昔芬治疗,两组患者治疗期限为12个月。检测治疗前和治疗12个月后2组患者腰椎正位(L_(1-4))、左股骨颈的骨密度、血清血钙、血磷、骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶-5b(TRAP-5b)水平变化情况以及治疗有效率和不良反应。结果治疗12个月后,两组患者腰椎正位(L_(1-4))、左股骨颈的骨密度患者均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0. 05);治疗12个月后,两组患者血清BALP水平较治疗前明显降低(P0. 05),血清TRAP-5b均较治疗前明显升高(P0. 05);而治疗组较对照组改善更为明显(P0. 05)。治疗组的患者治疗有效率优于对照组(P0. 05),而不良反应差异无统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论骨愈灵胶囊对绝经后骨质疏松症患者骨密度和骨代谢影响显著。     

葛根素对绝经后骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢、骨密度及骨生物力学的影响

目的研究葛根素对绝经后骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢、骨密度及骨生物力学的影响,探讨中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)的作用机制。方法48只大鼠随机分为正常组、去卵巢组、骨化三醇组和葛根素组,12只/组,构建绝经后骨质疏松大鼠动物模型并给予不同药物干预8周,正常组和去卵巢组:5 mL/kg 0.9%NaCl,ih,qd;葛根素组:葛根素35 mg/kg,ih,qd;骨化三醇组:骨化三醇0.25μg,po,qd,连续给药6周。检测各组大鼠血清骨代谢指标、骨组织(BMD、BMC)和骨生物力学指标,SP法检测各组骨组织ER表达,HE观察骨组织形态学变化。结果去卵巢组大鼠血清骨代谢指标、腰椎和股骨BMD和BMC、股骨骨生物力学指标较正常组显著降低(P<0.05),骨化三醇组和葛根素组上述指标较去卵巢组均显著增高(P<0.05),葛根素组上述指标较骨化三醇组均增高(P<0.05)。去卵巢组大鼠骨组织ER蛋白表达较正常组显著降低(P<0.05),骨化三醇组和葛根素组ER蛋白表达较去卵巢组均显著增高(P<0.05),葛根素组ER蛋白表达较骨化三醇组均增高(P<0.05)。去卵巢组骨皮质明显变薄,骨小梁稀疏纤细或断裂,排列紊乱,髓腔明显扩大,造血细胞明显减少。葛根素组骨皮质结构较完整,骨小梁数目增多,致密均匀粗壮,连接成网状,髓腔变小,造血细胞增多。结论葛根素通过提高绝经后骨质疏松大鼠雌激素水平,调节骨代谢,提高骨量和骨密度,改善骨生物力学性能和骨形态学结构,起到抗PMOP的疗效和骨保护作用。     

妊娠期糖尿病女性骨密度及骨代谢干预研究

目的 研究妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM）女性骨密度、骨代谢变化及药物干预后的变化。方法 比较经骨化三醇干预后妊娠期GDM女性与未经骨化三醇干预的妊娠期GDM女性的骨代谢和骨密度改变,研究的骨代谢指标主要包括以下几项：双羟基维生素D[1, 25-（OH）2-VD3],甲状旁腺素（?parathyroid hormone,PTH）,骨钙素（bone gamma-carboxyglutamic-acid-containing proteins,BGP）,Ⅰ型前胶原羧基末端肽（procollagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide,PICP）,糖化血红蛋白（hemoglobin A1c,HbA1c）,血清钙（calcium,Ca）。骨密度指标为超声骨密度测量值。结果 补充骨化三醇的GDM女性与未补充的GDM女性在孕中期和孕晚期的1, 25-（OH）2-VD3、BGP与PICP均有统计学意义,孕晚期的骨密度有统计学意义。两组间的Ca及血糖水平无统计学意义。结论 给妊娠期GDM女性补充骨化三醇不会影响妊娠期血糖,且有助于改善妊娠期GDM女性骨密度。     

PCBs对骨代谢影响的相关机制研究进展

多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)是一种已知的持久性有机污染物,具有亲脂性、迁移性和高毒性的特性,可在机体的脂肪组织中蓄积。PCBs因其对人体健康的危害备受关注,研究发现PCBs可引起内分泌紊乱,具有致癌性、发育毒性和骨骼毒性等。PCBs的暴露增加了骨骼疾病的发生率和严重程度,可以增加骨质疏松的风险。PCBs可通过ER依赖的信号通路和RANK-RANKL通路发挥模拟雌激素效应、抗雌激素效应和抗雄激素效应,也能通过调节相关标记基因的表达和细胞凋亡抑制成骨细胞分化和干扰破骨细胞活化等干扰骨代谢,还可通过影响microRNAs的表达调控骨吸收造成骨内稳态失衡,从而引起骨密度等性质的改变。国内外关于PCBs造成骨组织性质改变的内在机制尚未彻底阐明,笔者就PCBs暴露对骨代谢的影响以及相关作用机制进行综述。     

Effect of walking exercise on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with osteopenia/osteoporosis

The purpose of this prospective study was to determine whether moderate walking exercise in postmenopausal women with osteopenia/osteoporosis would affect bone metabolism. Fifty postmenopausal women, aged 49–75 years, with osteopenia/osteoporosis were recruited: 32 women entered the exercise program (the exercise group) and 18 served as controls (the control group). The exercise consisted of daily outdoor walking, the intensity of which was 50% of maximum oxygen consumption, with a duration of at least 1h with more than 8000 steps, at a frequency of 4 days a week, over a 12-month period. Lumbar (L2–L4) bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the baseline and every 6 months with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in both groups. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and urinary cross-linked N-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (NTX) levels were measured at baseline and at months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 by EIA and ELISA, respectively, in the exercise group, and urinary NTX level was measured at the baseline and every 6 months in the control group. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics including age, height, body weight, bone mass index, years since menopause, lumbar BMD, and urinary NTX level between the two groups. Although no significant changes were observed in lumbar BMD and the urinary NTX level in the control group, lumbar BMD in the exercise group was increased as compared with the control group, but was sustained from the baseline. In the exercise group, the urinary NTX level rapidly responded to walking exercise from month 3, and this reduction was sustained until month 12, followed by reduction in the serum BAP level. A moderately negative correlation was found between the percent change in the urinary NTX level at month 3 and that in lumbar BMD at month 12 in the exercise group. This study clearly demonstrates that the mechanism for the positive response of lumbar BMD to moderate walking exercise in postmenopausal women with osteopenia/osteoporosis appears to be the suppression of bone turnover, and that an early change in the urinary NTX level may be useful to predict the long-term response of increasing lumbar BMD to exercise, although its efficacy for lumbar BMD may be quite modest.     

绝经后女性骨密度与骨代谢生化指标的相关性分析

目的分析绝经后女性骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)与骨代谢生化指标的相关性。方法选取西南医科大学附属医院2017年1月至2018年12月收治的绝经后女性患者151例。根据骨密度T值将患者分为骨质疏松组(83例)、骨量低下组(47例)和骨量正常组(21例),比较三组患者骨代谢生化指标的差异,并对各项指标与BMD进行相关性分析。结果骨质疏松组甲状旁腺素(PTH)、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基末端前肽(P1NP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽β特殊序列(β-CTX)显著高于骨量低下组和骨量正常组(P0. 05),骨量低下组显著高于骨量正常组(P0. 05)。骨质疏松组体质量指数(bone mass index,BMI)、25(OH) D_3显著低于骨量低下组和骨量正常组(P0. 05),骨量低下组显著低于骨量正常组(P0. 05)。血钙、血磷、骨钙素(BGP)、血清的骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(BALP)在三组之间比较,差异无明显统计学意义(P0. 05)。Spearman相关分析显示,PTH、P1NP、β-CTX与骨密度呈负相关(r=-0. 538,-0. 520,-0. 462,P 0. 05),25(OH) D_3与骨密度呈正相关(r=0. 517,P0. 05),血钙、血磷、BALP、BGP与骨密度无相关性(P0. 05)。结论血清25(OH) D_3、PTH、P1NP、β-CTX与骨密度存在显著相关性,骨代谢生化指标监测有助于绝经后女性骨质疏松的早期诊断。     

异补骨脂素改善骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢的作用探讨

目的 探讨异补骨脂素对骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢的改善作用和机制.方法 建模后测量治疗前后大鼠的骨密度和骨代谢水平;观察大鼠的骨组织结构改变;检测大鼠骨组织Runx 2、MMP13 mRNA及蛋白表达.结果 异补骨脂素提高了骨质疏松大鼠的骨密度,改善了骨代谢和骨组织结构,增强了骨组织Runx 2 mRNA及蛋白的表达,抑制了M...     

不同骨密度骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折骨组织形态与骨代谢标志物分析

目的 观察不同骨密度骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折(osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF)骨组织形态学特征及骨代谢标志物变化规律.方法 将136例OVCF患者按不同骨密度(T值)分为3组:I组,-3.5相似文献   

肠道菌群对代谢术后骨代谢的影响

肠道菌群的改变对宿主起着多方面的影响。代谢手术对肠道结构及生理功能的改变影响了寄居于肠道内的菌群。而这些菌群的变化参与了术后体重下降﹑糖代谢及脂代谢的改变。同时已有很多研究证实肠道菌群的变化可以通过影响宿主的代谢系统﹑神经系统﹑免疫调节系统对骨代谢造成不容忽视的影响。益生菌作为一种对宿主有益的活性微生物,其骨保护作用也越来越得到重视。本文从减重术后肠道菌群的改变﹑肠道菌群对骨代谢的影响及益生菌与骨代谢等方面进行综述,总结近年来的研究进展及热点,搭建肠道菌群与代谢术后骨代谢相关多学科之间的桥梁,为代谢术后的菌群治疗、靶点研究奠定基础。     

葛根素对骨质疏松大鼠氧化应激反应、骨代谢和骨密度的影响

目的 观察研究葛根素对骨质疏松大鼠氧化应激反应、骨代谢和骨密度的影响,探讨葛根素防治骨质疏松症的作用机制.方法 44只雌性SD大鼠随机分对照组、造模组、雌激素组、葛根素组,采用"双侧卵巢摘除手术法"构建骨质疏松大鼠动物模型并给予相应药物干预,对照组和造模组:0.9％NaCl 5 mL/kg,葛根素组:葛根素35 mg/...     

青娥丸对绝经后骨质疏松症患者骨密度、骨代谢指标和骨硬化蛋白的影响

目的观察青娥丸(QEW)对绝经后骨质疏松症患者骨密度、骨代谢指标和骨硬化蛋白的影响。方法 2016年1月至6月期间,我院收治的120例门诊和住院PMOP患者随机分为QEW组(给予钙片和青娥丸),ALF组(给予钙片和阿法骨化醇)和对照组(给予钙片)(每组n=40),随访期为1年。测量基线和治疗1年后血清骨硬化蛋白、25羟维生素D和骨转换标志物(β-CTX,N-MID和T-PINP)的水平。结果 QEW组和ALF组治疗后1年血清骨硬化素水平显著高于对照组(P0. 05),但QEW组和ALF组比较差异无统计学意义(P0. 05)。治疗后1年QEW组和ALF组血清β-CTX,N-MID和T-PINP水平均降低,而两组间差异无统计学意义(P0. 05)。但QEW组和ALF组血清β-CTX,N-MID和T-PINP水平显著低于对照组(P0. 05)。结论 QEW调节绝经后骨质疏松症患者骨代谢的机制可能与QEW增加硬化蛋白表达的作用有关。     

Assessment of effectiveness of oral administration of collagen peptide on bone metabolism in growing and mature rats

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of collagen peptide intake on bone metabolism in growing (G) and calcium-deficient mature (M) rats. As for the dosages used, they were amounts equal to the recommended supplements for humans (0.166g/kg body weight (BW) per day: Coll-1G and Coll-1M groups), 10-fold higher (1.66g/kg BW per day: Coll-10G and Coll-10M groups), and 100-fold higher (16.6g/kg BW per day: Coll-100G group). In growing male rats, bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur in the Coll-100G group was significantly higher than that in the other groups after the 4-week experimental period. On the other hand, kidneys in the rats from the Coll-100G group exhibited hypertrophy. To examine the effects of collagen peptide on bone metabolism in a calcium-deficient status, mature female rats were fed a 0.01% Ca diet for 9 weeks and then fed a diet with 0.2% calcium with or without collagen peptide (control, Coll-1M, and Coll-10M groups) or a 0.5% calcium diet (normal Ca) for 8 weeks. BMD of the whole femur in the Coll-10M group was significantly higher than that in the control and Coll-1M groups, and the level was similar to that in the normal Ca group. BMD of the lumbar spine in the Coll-10M group was significantly higher than their baseline value, as well as being significantly higher than that in the control and Coll-1M groups. These results suggest that orally administered collagen peptide may provide beneficial effects on bone metabolism, especially in the calcium-deficient condition, without obvious undesirable effects.     

运动对类风湿关节炎伴骨质疏松患者的骨密度及骨代谢的影响

目的探讨类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)患者骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)及骨代谢指标的相关影响因素,观察运动频率对RA伴发骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)患者BMD及骨代谢指标的影响。方法回顾性分析45例初诊RA患者的性别、年龄、病程、超敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,HS-CRP)、红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)、抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(anti-cyclic cirullinated peptide antibodies,抗CCP抗体)、RA疾病活动性评分(DAS28评分)等指标,观察这些临床因素对RA患者的BMD及血清骨代谢指标的影响。血清骨代谢指标包括β-胶原降解产物(β-C-terminal telopeptide region of collagen type1,β-CTX)、总Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽(I pro collagen N-terminal pro peptide,PINP)、骨钙素(osteocalcin,OC)、25羟维生素D[25-(OH)D],通过电话回访RA患者的康复运动情况,分析运动频率对RA伴OP患者骨密度及骨代谢指标的影响。结果本组RA伴发OP的发生率为46.67%,BMD的下降以腰椎、股骨颈最明显。BMD的改变与年龄、病程、DAS28评分相关,随着年龄的增长、病程的延长、DAS28评分的升高,BMD降低(P0.05)。骨吸收指标β-CTX在年龄≤65岁组、病程≤0.5年组、抗CCP抗体阳性组均升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01,P0.05);骨形成指标PINP、OC在年龄≤65岁组、抗CCP抗体阳性组均升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);25-(OH)D水平在DAS28评分2.6组高于DAS28评分≥2.6组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。RA伴OP患者中,经常运动组的全身及腰椎BMD、PINP、OC均高于不运动组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01);PINP、OC与经常运动呈正相关(P0.05),β-CTX与抗CCP抗体呈正相关(P0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示全身BMD受血清25-(OH)D水平及运动频率影响明显,随着血清25-(OH)D水平及运动频率的提高,全身BMD呈增加趋势。结论 RA伴发OP的发病率高,骨密度与年龄、病程、疾病的活动、25-(OH)D水平、运动频率相关。RA伴发OP属于高转换型骨代谢异常,在疾病早期、活动期骨破坏和骨形成均加快。运动可促进骨形成、提高骨密度,建议临床应重视在内科治疗基础上的运动治疗。     

铁过载对绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度和骨代谢的影响

目的 观察铁过载对绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度和骨代谢的影响。方法 将234名绝经后妇女按照骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD）分为正常组、骨量减少组和骨质疏松组。分析铁过载对年龄、绝经年数、血钙(Ca)、磷(P)、体质量指数（bone mass index,BMI）、肝肾功能、葡萄糖代谢、脂质代谢、炎症反应、BMD、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACP-5b)、ALP、Ⅰ型胶原交联C端肽(β-CTX)和Ⅰ型胶原交联N端肽(PINP)的影响。结果 与正常组相比,骨量减少组和骨质疏松组血清铁蛋白(Fer)显著升高(P<0.05)。Fer水平与BMD呈负相关(P<0.05)。TRACP-5b水平在骨质疏松组明显高于正常组(P<0.05)。与正常组相比,骨质疏松症组的ALP水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与骨量减少组相比,骨质疏松组血清β-CTX水平明显升高(P<0.05);且骨质疏松组的PINP水平显著高于正常组(P<0.05)。更重要的是,血清Fer和PINP之间存在正相关(P<0.05);血清Fer和β-CTX之间呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 铁过载对绝经后骨质疏松患者骨密度和骨代谢均有显著影响。     

合并不同疾病的男性骨量异常患者骨代谢、骨密度及骨折情况研究

目的了解合并不同疾病的男性骨量异常患者骨代谢指标、骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)及骨折的情况。方法对2006年1月至2017年12月在上海市第一人民医院内分泌科骨质疏松亚专科就诊的928例男性骨量异常患者进行回顾性研究。根据研究目的不同,将患者分为有或无糖尿病组、有或无慢性肝病组、有或无慢性肾病组、有或无慢性胃病组、有或无心血管疾病组及骨量减低组和骨质疏松组。分别观察各组各项指标的差异。结果单因素回归分析提示受试者年龄、体重、L1~4BMD、股骨颈BMD、全髋BMD、β-CTX、慢性胃病、骨质疏松症是骨折史的影响因素,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);骨折史与受试者年龄、β-CTX、慢性胃病、骨质疏松症因素成正相关,与体重、L1~4BMD、股骨颈BMD、全髋BMD成负相关;多因素回归分析提示年龄、BALP、2型糖尿病、骨质疏松是骨折的危险因素,而25OHD水平是骨折的保护性因素。结论对于男性骨量异常患者,需要重点关注年龄较大、β-CTX和BALP水平较高、合并慢性胃病以及2型糖尿病的患者,对这类患者应积极进行抗骨质疏松干预及治疗,以减少此类患者骨折的发生率。     

德尼单抗联合鲑鱼降钙素治疗老年性骨质疏松的疗效及对患者骨密度、骨代谢的影响

目的探讨德尼单抗联合鲑鱼降钙素治疗老年性骨质疏松的疗效及对患者骨密度、骨代谢的影响。方法 200例老年骨质疏松患者随机分为研究组和对照组,两组患者均口服钙尔奇碳酸钙D片进行基础治疗,对照组采用肌肉注射蛙鱼降钙素。研究组在对照组的基础之上加用德尼单抗。分别在治疗前后评定两组患者视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)及Oswestry功能障碍指数评分(ODI);检测患者骨密度及骨碱性磷酸酶骨人交联碱性磷酸酶(BALP),Ⅰ型胶原N末端肽/肌酐(Ⅰ型胶原N-端肽)肌酸酐(NTX/Cr),骨钙素(BGP)和β-胶原降解产物(β-CrossLaps)。结果治疗前,两组患者VAS和ODI评分无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的VAS和ODI评分较治疗前均有显著改善(P0.05),且研究组改善程度明显优于对照组(P0.05);治疗前,两组患者腰椎(L_(2-4))、股骨颈、大转子以及全髋BMD无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后,两组患者腰椎(L_(2-4))、股骨颈、大转子以及全髋BMD较治疗前均显著改善(P0.05),且研究组明显优于同期对照组(P0.05);治疗前,两组患者BALP、NTX/Cr、BGP以及β-CrossLaps水平比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者BALP、NTX/Cr、BGP较治疗前均明显上升(P0.05),研究组明显高于对照组(P0.05),而两组患者β-CrossLaps水平较治疗前均明显下降(P0.05),研究组明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组患者治疗前后肝肾功能、尿、血以及粪常规均无明显变化,且在研究过程中均未出现不良情况。结论德尼单抗联合蛙鱼降钙素能够显著改善老年骨质疏松患者的骨密度和骨代谢指标,能够有效缓解患者的疼痛和功能障碍。     

促胰液素对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠血清骨转换指标和骨密度的影响

目的 观察促胰液素(secretin,SCT)对去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠骨转换指标和骨密度的影响。方法 采用双侧卵巢去除法制备绝经后骨质疏松大鼠模型,将60只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型对照组、雌激素治疗组和促胰液素治疗组,每组各15只。干预3个月后,测定腰椎骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),采取ELISA法测定血清I型胶原N前端肽(procollagen I N-Terminal propeptide,PINP)和I型胶原C末端肽(collagen type I C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide,CTX),另使用STRING10.0蛋白相互作用网络分析工具分析骨质疏松相关差异蛋白。结果 与假手术组比较,模型对照组、雌激素治疗组、促胰液素治疗组的PINP含量升高（P＜0.05）,模型对照组的CTX含量升高（P＜0.05）,模型对照组的BMD下降（P＜0.05）,雌激素治疗组和促胰液素治疗组的CTX、BMD含量无显著差异（P＞0.05）;与模型对照组比较,雌激素治疗组、促胰液素治疗组PINP、CTX含量有所下降,而BMD含量升高（P＜0.05）;雌激素组与促胰液素组之间PINP、CTX、BMD含量无显著差异（P＞0.05）。结论 促胰液素能改善去卵巢骨质疏松大鼠的PINP和CTX含量,增加骨密度,抑制骨质丢失,具有较好的抗骨质疏松效果。     

Mineral metabolism, bone histomorphometry and vascular calcification in alternate night nocturnal haemodialysis

BACKGROUND: Poor control of bone mineral metabolism (BMM) is associated with renal osteodystrophy and mortality in dialysis-dependent patients. The authors explored the efficacy of alternate nightly home haemodialysis (ANHHD) in controlling BMM parameters and its effects on bone mineral density and histomorphometry. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 26 patients on home haemodialysis (3-5 h, 3.5-4 sessions weekly) were converted to ANHHD (6-9 h, 3.5-4 sessions weekly). Biochemical parameters of BMM at baseline, 6 and 12 months, radiological parameters at baseline and 12 months and bone histomorphometry at 12 months are described. RESULTS: Pre-dialysis serum phosphate fell from 2.13+/-0.65 to 1.38+/-0.35 mmol/L; P<0.0001. No binders were required in 77.2% compared with 7.7% at baseline. Calcium-phosphate product fell from 5.28+/-1.64 to 3.42+/-0.88 mmol2/L2; P<0.0001 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) from 301 (110-471) to 127 (47-240) ng/L; P=0.01. Bone mineral density remained stable. Vascular and ectopic calcification improved or stabilized in 87.5%. Bone histomorphometry at 12 months showed high, normal and low bone turnover in 10, 3 and 4 patients, respectively, with 6/17 patients having abnormal mineralization. CONCLUSION: Alternate nightly home haemodialysis effectively manages biochemical parameters of BMM. Patients with very high PTH at baseline (>1000 ng/L) did not significantly improve parathyroid hormone status. Abnormal bone turnover and mineralization were present in a significant proportion of patients at 12 months but low turnover was uncommon. Vascular calcification was stabilized or improved in the majority. ANHHD compares favourably with every night and short daily therapy in relation to BMM management and may offer lifestyle advantages for patients.     

长期华法林治疗对骨代谢指标及骨密度的影响

目的 观察长期华法林治疗对患者骨代谢指标和骨密度（bone mineral density, BMD）的影响。方法 对长期服用华法林的42名患者和28名对照组人群进行横断面研究。使用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)试剂盒测量骨钙素(osteocalcin ,OC),骨保护素(osteoprotegerin ,OPG)和核因子-κB配体(RANKL)总可溶性受体激活剂的血清水平,并通过双能X射线吸收测定法评估受试者股骨颈和腰椎BMD。结果 与对照组相比,华法林患者的OC浓度显著降低[(4.94±2.22) vs (10.68±4.5),P <0.001)]。OPG、sRANKL对数(log)、sRANKL/OPG对数比和BMD的水平相当。在女性华法林使用者中,发现OC和RANKL对数之间以及OC和RANKL/OPG对数比之间呈正相关(分别为P = 0.017;P = 0.005)、OC和OPG之间呈负相关(P= 0.027)。结论 长期华法林抗凝治疗可显著降低OC水平,但不影响其它骨代谢指标或BMD。此次研究结果还表明,长期使用华法林治疗可能会减轻绝经后妇女的骨吸收。