腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形手术疗效的评价

目的:为了更有效地提高腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形手术后的疗效。方法:对各种腋部瘢痕进行分类,根据不同的腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形分别采用不同方法进行治疗,并比较其适应证和疗效。结果:五瓣法和肩胛皮瓣岛状转移法疗效稳定,中厚植皮如果术后缺乏持续的功能锻炼,再次挛缩的发生率相对较高。结论:轻度瘢痕挛缩宜采用五瓣法矫正,中、重度的瘢痕挛缩,如果肩胛部局部条件许可宜采用肩胛皮瓣岛状转移修复。     

腋部前后扩张皮瓣修复腋部瘢痕畸形

目的:了解腋部前后扩张皮瓣修复腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形效果。方法:腋部烧伤后遗留瘢痕挛缩畸形16例,我们采用腋部前后扩张皮肤,以形成两前后两扩张皮瓣向腋窝部推进转移,一次性完成修复腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形。结果:转移皮瓣全部成活,均未发生坏死、血肿、扩张囊外露、感染等并发症,功能恢复,效果满意。结论:腋部前后扩张皮瓣是修复腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形的理想方法之一。     

腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形手术疗效的评价

目的：为了更有效地提高腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形手术后的疗效。方法：对各种腋部瘢痕进行分类，根据不同的腋部瘢痕挛缩畸形分别采用不同方法进行治疗。并比较其适应证和疗效。结果：五瓣法和肩胛皮瓣岛状转移法疗效稳定，中厚植皮如果术后缺乏持续的功能锻炼，再次挛缩的发生率相对较高。结论：轻度瘢痕等缩宜采用五瓣法矫正，中、重度的瘢痕挛缩，如果肩胛部局部条件许可宜采用肩胛皮瓣岛状转移修复。     

腘窝瘢痕挛缩畸形的修复

目的:通过总结我院近10年来收治的78例腘窝瘢痕挛缩的诊治经验,为促进该类病人的康复创造条件.方法:根据患者的具体病情,分别采用"Z"成形术、中厚皮片游离移植术、全厚皮片游离移植术、局部皮瓣加全厚皮片移植、邻近轴形皮瓣移植术等不同的手术方法进行治疗并对不同术式疗效进行评价.结果:63例随访病例中,疗效优良率为91.76%.结论:轻度畸形治疗较易,仅作局部皮瓣或"Z"成形术即可达到满意效果;对于中重度畸形,若瘢痕广泛不宜设计局部皮瓣,以全厚皮片移植为优;若瘢痕不广泛,应以皮瓣移植为首选.     

颈部瘢痕挛缩139例的外科治疗

目的　探讨修复颈部瘢痕挛缩畸形的最佳方法。方法　对 1 39例不同程度的颈部瘢痕挛缩 ,分别采用局部皮瓣、邻近皮瓣、皮管转移、中厚皮移植术及配合颈托或热塑性夹板加压、功能锻炼等外科综合治疗。结果　功能及形态恢复良好。 1 39例中优 67例 ,良 62例 ,可 9例 ,差 1例。结论　该方法治疗颈部瘢痕挛缩效果满意 ,术后配合颈托或热塑性夹板加压、功能锻炼对预防再次瘢痕挛缩十分必要     

颈横动脉颈段皮支预扩张皮瓣治疗瘢痕畸形11例

创伤或烧伤所致的面颈部、腋部严重瘢痕挛缩畸形及软组织缺损，游离植皮、局部瘢痕皮瓣转移往往不能较好的解决畸形及缺损问题。我科自1999年应用颈横动脉颈段皮支预扩张皮瓣修复面颈部及腋部瘢痕及软组织缺损11例，效果满意，现报告如下。     

颈横动脉颈段扩张皮瓣治疗面颈部瘢痕畸形14例

烧伤或创伤所致的面颈部、腋部严重瘢痕挛缩畸形及软组织缺损，游离植皮、局部瘢痕皮瓣转移常不能有效的解决畸形及缺损问题。我科自2000年1月至2007年6月应用颈横动脉颈段皮支预扩张皮瓣修复面颈部及腋部瘢痕及软组织缺损14例，效果满意，现报告如下。     

手深度烧伤后瘢痕挛缩畸形的治疗体会

目的:回顾总结我科3年间因手部深度烧伤引发瘢痕增生导致严重手畸形患者的治疗体会。方法:对36例患者全部采用瘢痕松解或切除的手术治疗,应用"Z"字成形、瘢痕切除松解全厚皮移植或邻位皮瓣转移术,皮瓣移植术包括虎口和指蹼成形术。结果:绝大部分患者手术后效果满意,少数病例因就诊时间晚或皮片成活率较低行二次手术。结论:本文对手部深度烧伤后瘢痕挛缩畸形病因、烧伤初期治疗方法选择、瘢痕挛缩手术时间的选择、手术中注意事项、术后要求等方面进行了研究与探讨。     

腋部严重瘢痕挛缩的皮瓣设计与修复

目的探讨腋部严重瘢痕挛缩的治疗方法及临床效果。方法对25例腋部严重瘢痕挛缩、功能重度障碍的患者,通过五瓣成形、z皮瓣联合皮片移植进行修复腋窝,从恢复肩关节功能和形态。结果25例皮瓣全部成活,外观及功能满意。结论运用五瓣成形、z皮瓣联合皮片移植治疗腋部严重瘢痕挛缩是一种操作简单、疗效确切的手术方法。     

小儿颈部瘢痕挛缩的手术治疗

目的:总结小儿颈部瘢痕挛缩手术治疗经验.方法:根据患儿的年龄分别选用全日皮片移植术和扩张皮瓣转移修复术治疗颈部瘢痕挛缩,对颌底部软组织瓣重建颏部与下颌骨下缘以及加深颌颈角的方法进行了改进,并提出颈部皮片分区移植。结果:所有扩张皮瓣与移植皮片均100％成活,术后外形良好,功能满意。结论:以美学理论为指导,结合适当的手术技巧有助于小儿颈部瘢痕挛缩整复术后功能与形态的恢复。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.