Peri-anal allergic contact eczema with dyshidrotic eczema of the hands due to the use of Kathon CG moist toilet wipes

Two cases of dyshidrotic eczema of the hands caused by perianal allergic contact dermatitis due to Kathon CG in moist toilet paper are described.     

Two cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis from a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin in a neat oil: Case Report

Background  

Metal-working fluids contain complex mixtures of chemicals and metal workers constitute a potential risk group for the development of allergic contact dermatitis.     

Sensitization to bovine serum albumin as a possible cause of allergic reactions to vaccines

BackgroundImmediate type hypersensitivity to vaccines containing bovine/porcine excipients, such as the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine is probably due to sensitization to bovine/porcine gelatin. Most patients with such reactions in Sri Lanka have cow's milk (CM) or beef allergy.ObjectivesWe investigated whether those who had beef and CM allergy had a higher incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to vaccines and the possible trigger of such reactions.Material and methodsTwenty patients with immediate type hypersensitivity reactions to vaccines containing bovine/porcine excipients, controls with allergy to beef/pork (n = 11) or CM (n = 11), and 8 non atopic controls were recruited. Total serum IgE, specific IgE to beef, CM, casein, beta lactoglobulin, gelatin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) by Phadia ImmunoCap and IgE to porcine gelatin by Western blot were evaluated.Results11/20, 5/20, 2/20, 2/20, 1/20 and 1/20 patients reported allergic reactions to measles containing, JE, rabies primary chick embryo, pentavalent, diphtheria and tetanus, and adult diphtheria and tetanus vaccines, respectively. Only one patient with allergy to vaccines had gelatin specific IgE, whereas IgE to BSA was seen in 73.3%, 90%, 66.6% and 0 of vaccine, beef or CM allergic and non-atopic controls, respectively. The mean IgE to BSA was higher in patients with allergy to vaccines, although not significant. Specific IgE to BSA was present in 54.7% of children with allergy to CM, of whom 11.8% had high levels (>17.5 kUA/L). In contrast, 66.6% of these children did not have specific IgE to β-lactoglobulin, which is one of the major components of whey protein.Conclusion and clinical relevanceGelatin does not appear to play a major role in Sri Lankan children with allergy to vaccines. In contrast, due to the higher levels of BSA specific IgE, sensitization to BSA is possibly playing a role.     

Tetraethylene glycol diacrylate. A cause of delayed cutaneous irritant reaction and allergic contact dermatitis

A woman who worked as a materials handler in a plant manufacturing acrylated chemicals developed allergic contact allergy to tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TTEGDA). Four co-workers experienced skin irritation 12 to 36 hours after skin contact with TTEGDA but had no immediate reaction at the time of exposure. The chemical sensitized the albino guinea pig in the guinea pig maximization test. By varying parameters such as the administration of Freund's complete adjuvent, the intradermal concentration injected for induction, and the diluent used for the injections, it was possible to alter the apparent sensitization potential of TTEGDA.     

Occupational issues of allergic contact dermatitis

Occupational contact dermatitis is often of multifactorial origin, and it is difficult to determine the relative significance of the various contributing factors. Contact allergies are relevant in 20-50% of recognised occupational contact dermatitis cases. The reported frequency in different studies varies, depending on differences in how occupational diseases are notified and recognised, in types of occupation in a geographical area, and the "quality" of the dermatological examination, including the accuracy of the diagnostic patch-test investigation. However, the clinical relevance of the reported contact allergies is often uncertain. Many occupational contact dermatitis patients with documented contact allergies develop chronic eczema, in spite of work changes and attempted allergen avoidance. Recognition/non-recognition of a notified case may be based on circumstantial evidence, because of difficulties in the establishing of a firm proof of work exposure and subsequent development of skin disease. Reliable quantitative exposure measuring techniques are needed. Methods are developed for the measurement of exposure to allergens such as nickel and acrylates, which makes it possible for exposure-effect relationships to be established with increased certainty. For prevention of allergic contact dermatitis it was a major step forward, with mandatory ingredient labelling of cosmetic products. However, improved labelling of the presence of contact allergens in household and industrial products is needed. For the identification of hazardous contact allergenic compounds, guinea pig or mice assays are still required. The local lymph node assay (LLNA), which is an objective and sensitive mouse assay has now been internationally validated and accepted.     

关于变应性接触性皮炎的诊断

结合工作实践,从密切联系现场情况,斑试试验必须用工人操作时的实际接触物,工业就变性接触性皮 能有IgG 参加3方面总结了变应性接触性皮炎与职业接触的关系。     

小鼠背部变应性接触性皮炎模型的建立

目的建立小鼠背部变应性接触性皮炎(allergic contact dermatitis,ACD)模型.方法用二硝基氟苯(dinitrofluorobenzene,DNFB)分别建立小鼠背部及耳廓ACD模型,比较两种模型在不同时间点皮肤肿胀度及HE染色炎细胞数量变化情况.结果①背部ACD肿胀度大于耳廓ACD肿胀度,配对t检验,t=6.39,P＜0.01,并且两种模型的肿胀度变化呈正相关. ②背部ACD较耳廓ACD单一核细胞数量少,多形核细胞数量多,前者t=8.59,P＜0 .01,后者t=6.05,P＜0.01;两模型的细胞数量变化呈正相关.结论背部ACD模型可以代替耳廓ACD模型用于评价抗炎药物.背部模型肿胀度高,适合肉眼判断皮炎程度.     

Carboxylic acid anhydrides as a cause for occupational allergic respiratory tract diseases in the handling of epoxy resins

Low molecular weight chemicals like anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids, capable of reaction with human serum proteins and of formation of hapten-carrier conjugates, can produce pathogenic immunoreactions. It was proved, that the observed diseases can also be of allergic genesis after the exposure to these noxae of the respiratory tract with mainly irritating effect.