顽固性鼻出血的血管内栓塞治疗

目的探讨经导管动脉栓塞治疗顽固性鼻出血的临床价值。方法对21例经前后鼻腔填塞和（或）鼻内镜下止血后无效的鼻出血患者,经血管造影明确责任动脉后行血管内栓塞,所有病例随访30天。结果21例鼻出血患者中,20例成功实施栓塞治疗,技术成功率为95．24％（20121）,1例假性动脉瘤造影时动脉瘤破裂患者死亡;16例栓塞后活动性出血停止,4例仍有少量出血,结合内科治疗后出血渐止,栓塞有效率100％（20／20）。所有病例随访30天内均无再发出血;16例栓塞后无并发症出现,3例术后出现头痛、发热、颌面部胀痛等,1例出现右眼视野缺损。结论对于顽固性鼻出血,经导管动脉栓塞是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

经动脉介入栓塞治疗颅面部创伤性大出血

目的探讨经动脉介入栓塞治疗颅面部创伤致急性、难治性大出血的临床疗效及价值。方法 32例颅面部创伤患者中,颅底骨折致口、鼻、耳道大出血28例,面颅骨骨折致口、鼻大出血4例,所有患者经动脉造影确定出血靶血管及范围后接受经动脉介入栓塞治疗,并评价其疗效。结果 32例均成功止血,未出现严重并发症。结论经动脉介入栓塞治疗颅面部创伤致急性大出血,创伤小、止血迅速、安全有效,可成为临床首选治疗方法。     

经导管动脉栓塞术治疗动脉性上消化道出血

目的评价经导管动脉栓塞术治疗动脉性上消化道出血的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析58例上消化道出血患者的临床资料。对58例动脉性上消化道出血患者行动脉造影,发现出血征象时超选择插管造影,并根据不同出血原因和出血部位采用不同栓塞材料进行栓塞。随访1~3个月,并观察疗效。结果 58例患者中,50例动脉造影表现为对比剂外溢、假性动脉瘤、血管畸形等,栓塞治疗止血有效率为94.00%（47/50）,栓塞后再出血率为4.26%（2/47）,未见严重并发症。结论经导管动脉栓塞术治疗动脉性上消化道出血安全、有效,具有较高临床应用价值。     

Transcatheter arterial embolization in the treatment of facial injury

BACKGROUND: Maxillofacial injuries may be associated with a variety of problems including airway obstruction and hemorrhage. We studied retrospectively the patients who underwent transcatheter arterial embolization for facial hemorrhage. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated medical charts of the 12 patients who underwent transcatheter arterial embolization for facial hemorrhage between January, 2000 and December, 2006. We decided clinical outcome using Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and classified the patients into the favorable outcome group (GR: good recovery, MD: moderate disability), and poor outcome group (D: dead). We compared the two groups regarding blood pressure, pulse rate. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), transufused volume, interval between injury and embolization. RESULTS: From 12 cases reviewed, nine were males and three were females. The mean age was 42 years (20-73 years). Three patients were GR, one patient was MD, and eight patients were D. In the poor outcome group, shock signs were more common, and GCS was lower. The ISS was correlated with the outcome. The mean interval between injury and embolization was 3.5 hours. CONCLUSION: Patients with maxillofacial injuries may be fatal. Airway and breathing maintenance are most important. When pressure and packing fail to control the hemorrhage, prompt transcatheter arterial embolization may be effective.     

血管内栓塞治疗症状性肺隔离症

正肺隔离症(pulmonary sequestration, PS)是少见的先天性肺发育异常疾病,由异常体循环动脉参与供血,占全部肺发育畸形的0.15%～6.40%[1],其本质为肺组织无功能,多数临床表现为反复肺部感染和/或咯血,甚至危及生命。本研究评价经导管动脉栓塞治疗症状性PS的效果及安全性。1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料回顾性分析2015年1月—2018年10月7例于我院接受经导管动脉栓塞治疗的症状性PS患者,男4例,     

Urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract

We present a retrospective 10 year analysis of 76 patients with urothelial tumours of the upper urinary tract. Patients older than 65 years, and female patients, presented with more advanced stages and had a worse prognosis. The grade and stage of the tumour has the greatest impact on survival. No conclusions can be drawn on the efficacy of various types of surgery, but simple nephrectomy gave a 5-year survival of 68%, with a stump recurrence rate of 15%. We observed that patients with urothelial tumours had 4 fold increased chance of developing gastrointestinal cancer.     

无水乙醇肾动脉栓塞治疗肾癌

目的 减少肾癌术中出血以及提高姑治疗晚期肾癌疗效。方法 采用Ｓｅｌｄｉｎｇｅｒ技术用无水乙醇行２５例吕肾动脉栓塞术。其中行根治性肾切除术２０例,肾切除４例。结果 栓塞术后行肾癌根治术２０例,单纯肾切除术４例,１例未手术。平均出血量２１０ｍｌ,无死亡及严重并发症,但均有不同程度腰痛及发热。结论 无水乙醇行肾动脉栓塞,方法简单,效果显著,副作用轻,是可行的辅助治疗方法。     

Transcatheter arterial embolization for massive abdominal bleeding in post-pancreatoduodenectomy--first report

Transcatheter arteria embolization (TAE) was carried out for 10 cases (14 times) with massive intra-abdominal bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). The results obtained were as follows: 1. The ten patients (carcinoma of the pancreas head 4, carcinoma of the papilla Vater: 3, carcinoma of the bile duct: 2. leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum: 1) included eight men and two women aged 45 to 75, with an average age of 63.7. The time span before TAE was instituted averaged 20.8 days. 2. Infection due to leakage noted in all cases. 3. A good course was noted when manifestation of symptoms related to poor sutures or the onset of intra-abdominal bleeding after PD was delayed and the time from the onset of intra-abdominal bleeding to TAE was short. 4. Bleeding sites could be determined in all cases. Pseudoaneurysm accounted for five and extravasation accounted for nine of the total of 14 bleeding sites. The prognosis was apparently good in cases of pseudoaneurysm as compared with that in cases of extravasation. 5. Bleeding was controlled in all cases. 6. No complication due to TAE occurred. These results indicate the TAE is a safe and effective procedure for the control of massive intra-abdominal bleeding after PD.     

创伤性泌尿系出血的急诊动脉栓塞治疗

目的探讨经导管选择性动脉栓塞在创伤性泌尿系出血急诊治疗中的价值. 方法 1998年1月～2003年6月对27例创伤性泌尿系出血根据损伤出血部位行数字减影血管造影检查,明确出血动脉,明胶海绵颗粒或弹簧钢圈栓塞靶动脉. 结果 23例一次栓塞成功止血,2例2次栓塞后止血,2例栓塞失败改行其他治疗方法.栓塞后不良反应为发热16例,局部疼痛、恶心、呕吐14例,1例髂内动脉栓塞出现一过性臀部疼痛. 结论选择性动脉栓塞是治疗创伤性泌尿系出血的有效措施,具有创伤小、见效快的优点,为进一步治疗创造条件.     

Conservative treatment of upper urinary tract tumours

The conservative management of kidney cancer is widely accepted as a therapeutic option for tumours measuring less than 4 cm or in case of underlying renal disease and solitary kidney. The functional and carcinologic success of this conservative treatment results from a radical resection of the tumour and a careful repair of the collecting system and selective ligature of the vessels. Kidney artery clamping is a key to reach these objectives. The cooling of the kidney preserves from warm ischemia and reperfusion lesions. In this review, we explain the physiological basis of warm ischemia induced kidney lesions due to the kidney artery clamping and the advantage of hypothermia. The surgical technique as described by Novick is detailed. This well standardized technique has the advantage of being reproducible and adaptable to all situations.