Calidad de vida sexual de las mujeres ribereñas: análisis de las prácticas y actitudes sexuales

ObjectiveTo analyse the sexual practices, attitudes, and sexual quality of life of Riparian woman and associated factors.MethodA cross-sectional analytical study conducted among Riparian women using the Study of Sexual Behaviour questionnaire. A bivariate analysis and binary logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with sexual quality of life.ResultsA total of 138 women participated in the study (n = 138). Of the women, 34.1% and 33.3% reported pain and loss of interest during or after sex, respectively. In terms of practices during sex, women reported kissing (85.5%), cuddling (89.1%), mutual masturbation (37.2%), oral sex (34.8%), and anal sex (23.9%). However, the majority reported not using condoms during sex (63.0%). In terms of sexual quality of life, 39.9% of the women rated it as good. Higher education and early sexual initiation increase the chances of a “good” sexual quality of life.ConclusionBecause Riparian women engage in some risky sexual behaviours, such as not using condoms, educational strategies on the prevention of sexually transmitted infections should be reinforced and incorporated in this population. This may help improve these women's sexual quality of life.     

Experiencias de vivir con cáncer para los adolescentes,adultos jóvenes y sus familias: revisión narrativa y síntesis

IntroductionAdolescence is a critical life stage marked by significant physical, psychological, and social change. Cancer diagnosis during adolescence profoundly affects this experience for adolescents and young adults (AYA) and their families with an impact that continues throughout life. It is important to understand these experiences to ensure delivery of appropriate and high-quality supportive care. This narrative review critically appraised and synthesised qualitative literature that explored the experiences of AYAs and their families living with cancer.MethodNarrative review and synthesis of qualitative research of AYAs’ and their families’ experiences of cancer. MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched between February 2000 and September 2019 using search terms including «adolescent», «young people», «young adult», «cancer», «family», and «qualitative». Literature was appraised and synthesised using Popay et al.¹ framework.Results3016 articles were retrieved (Medline n = 1298, CINAHL n = 1632, PsycINFO n = 86). Of these, 151 duplicates were removed. 2865 papers were screened with 121 abstracts considered for eligibility for inclusion. Eighteen papers met the inclusion criteria. Three inter-related themes were identified: being diagnosed with cancer; uncertainty - holding on to life and gaps in care delivery.Discussion and recommendationsFew studies discuss the impact of cancer on the families of AYA living with cancer. Future research should explore this experience. By doing so the relational impact of cancer will be better understood as the basis of supportive family-centred care.PROSPERO Registration: CRD42017084148.     

Conocimiento y cumplimiento de las medidas de bioseguridad y accidentes biológicos de los estudiantes de enfermería en las prácticas clínicas

ObjectiveTo identify the degree of knowledge and performance of bio-safety measures by nursing students and knowing the type of biological accidents suffered during their clinical practice.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted on the students of three Nursing courses held in May of 2008. Data was collected by an anonymous self-administered questionnaire, with a return of 54%.ResultsA total of 97% of students seemed to know the standard biosafety measures, and all of them (100%) stated that those measures must be applied to every patient. However, the reality of clinical practice shows that biosafety measures are only partially applied..An average of 60.2% implement the personal hygiene measures, 66.1% use physical barriers, and 44% use sharp materials safely.Around 32.25% of the students have suffered some biological accident, with a greater incidence in the second year: administering injections (24%), drawing blood samples with Venojet^® needles (18%) and recapping used needles (17%).ConclusionsThe high level of knowledge shown by the students on standard precautions is not always shown in clinical practice. There are significant deficiencies in student safety practices: recapping of used needles continues to be one of the most common risk practices carried out.     

Uso profiláctico de apósitos de silicona para minimizar las lesiones por presión: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

ObjectivePreventing hospital-acquired pressure injuries (PI) in critically ill patients remains a significant clinical challenge because of its associated high risk for comorbid conditions. We assessed the preventive effectiveness of silicone dressings among patients admitted in intensive care units and non-intensive care units settings.MethodsA literature search was conducted across 3 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central) from inception through December 2021. Studies assessing the effectiveness of silicone dressing on the incidence of PI on the sacral area were included. evaluations were reported as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval, and analysis was performed using a random-effects model.ResultsOf the 1,056 articles retrieved from the initial search, 11 studies were included in the final analysis. Silicone dressings significantly reduced the incidence of PI compared to usual care (RR: 0.30, 95%CI: 0.19-0.45, P < 0.01). We found no significant difference between results of studies conducted in intensive care settings (RR = 0.25, 95%CI: 0.15-0.43, P < 0.01) and non-intensive care settings (RR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.17-0.83, P = 0.01) (P-interaction: 0.39). Silicone dressings reduced the risk of developing PI among patients using five-layer foam Border dressing (Mepilex® Sacrum) (RR: 0.31, 95%CI: 0.20-0.48, P < 0.01), and dressing Allevyn Gentle Border® (RR: 0.10, 95%CI: 0.01-0.73, P = 0.02) with no significant difference upon subgroup analysis (P-interaction: 0.27).ConclusionThe present meta-analysis suggests that silicone dressings consistently reduce the incidence of PI in intensive as well as in non-intensive care settings, regardless of the type of dressing used.     

Ítem único para valorar la preocupación por el cáncer: evidencias iniciales de validez y confiabilidad

ObjectiveTo translate into Spanish and evaluate the evidence of content validity, construct validity and reliability of the Cancer Worry Chart as a single item measure of worry for cancer.MethodThe Spanish translation of the Cancer Worry Chart was done with the back-translation procedure. The participants were 165 healthy people with a family history of cancer who responded to the Cancer Worry Chart and the Cancer Worry Scale (CWS).ResultsTranslation back-translation allows a Spanish version of the Cancer Worry Chart whose content is clear, coherent and relevant (V ˃ .70). Evidence of construct validity is reported based on 3 criteria: a) an adequate adjustment of the one-dimensional model formed by the Cancer Worry Chart and the items of the CWS performed with the structural equations method (χ²_S-B = 23.38; df = 14; χ²_S-B/df = 1.67; CFI = .988; RMSEA = .064); b) a significant correlation between the Cancer Worry Chart and the CWS (r= .76 [IC95%: .68-.90]); c) ascending averages in the CWS score as the groups formed by each response option of the Cancer Worry Chart express a greater degree of worry (F = 55.72; P = .000; ω² = .57). The reliability of the Cancer Worry Chart is above what is recommended (α_{single item} = .84).ConclusionThe Spanish version of the Cancer Worry Chart showed satisfactory evidence of content validity, construct validity and reliability to measure, briefly, quickly and generally, the worry for cancer in healthy people with a family history of cancer.     

Cuidados de enfermería en el paciente con cáncer de cabeza y cuello tratado con radioterapia

Radiotherapy is one of the mainstays of the treatment of half of all oncological patients. The field of administration of radiation includes the tumoral volume, the lymph nodes that drain the area and the healthy tissues adjacent to the tumor. For this reason, the effects of radiotherapy also appear in healthy tissues and are more marked in those with a high cell turnover rate, such as the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa and bone marrow. The present article aims to review the possible effects of radiotherapy on healthy tissues in the treatment of head and neck cancer and proposes measures to prevent or reduce toxicity. Aspects related to nursing care and treatment measures for the local adverse effects of radiotherapy are also discussed.     

Uso de eSalud para promover la actividad física en los supervivientes de neoplasias torácicas: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

BackgroundSurvival rates for many forms of thoracic malignancies have improved over the past few decades, however, many survivors are coping with the side effects of cancer treatment for longer. Physical activity (PA) has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy to combat the effects of treatment in cancer survivors and eHealth could be a good way to encourage patients to practice it.ObjectiveTo explore the effects of eHealth in the promotion of PA among thoracic malignancies.MethodsSuitable articles were searched using PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases using a combination of medical subject headings.ResultsIn total, 4781 articles were identified, of which ten met eligibility criteria. Different eHealth interventions were described in these studies: mobile application (app) (n = 3), website (n = 2), email (n = 2), web and mobile application (n = 1), telephone counseling (n = 1) and online sheet (n = 1). All studies reported improvements in PA, with 8/10 studies reporting statistically significant changes.ConclusionOur results show that eHealth programs are useful to promote PA in malignancy thoracic survivors, compared to no intervention, conventional treatment or a dietary approach. Moreover, the meta-analysis also revealed eHealth is a good way to improve the level of PA in thoracic malignancies survivors.     

“Es más difícil”: experiencias de las enfermeras sobre el cuidado del paciente con recidiva de cáncer

ObjectiveTo examine the experiences and responses of nurses caring for patients with recurrence of cancer.Material and methodsA qualitative cross-sectional study based on grounded theory. Data was collected, based on semi-structured interviews carried out in four cancer units of two hospitals in Navarra, after obtaining ethical approval. The sample consisted of 14 nurses.ResultsProviding care during cancer recurrence is described as a difficult situation, even more than in the first diagnosis of cancer. This is because nurses have to deal with the loss of patient hope in treatment and the fear of the possibility of the patient's death. To deal with this reality, nurses try to do their best to meet the emotional needs of the patient, at the same time as managing barriers including lack of time, workload, and inadequate training in psycho-oncology.ConclusionsThe data show the difficulty nurses have in dealing with the emotional care of patients with recurrence. If the Health Service commitment is to offer holistic care to cancer patients and their families, there should be a corresponding commitment towards improving nursing training in psychosocial issues.