心力衰竭高敏C反应蛋白和脑钠肽变化及其与心功能的关系

目的探讨心力衰竭高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和脑钠肽(BNP)变化及其与心功能的关系。方法选取2012年12月至2014年12月都江堰市医疗中心治疗的69例慢性心力衰竭患者,根据纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能分级标准分成NYHAⅡ级组、NYHAⅢ级组以及NYHAⅣ级组,各23例。另外选取同期20例入院检查正常人作为对照组,比较患者的BNP、hs-CRP、左心室射血分数(LVEF)以及左心室舒张末期内径(LVDD)水平,以及治疗后指标的变化情况。结果 1心力衰竭组的BNP、hs-CRP以及LVDD水平显著高于对照组[(481±18)ng/L比(35±15)ng/L,(12.2±2.3)mg/L比(3.2±1.4)mg/L,(59.7±2.2)mm比(43.2±2.5)mm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);NYHAⅢ级组和Ⅳ级组BNP、CRP以及LVDD高于NYHAⅡ级组患者,且NYHAⅣ级组上述各指标高于NYHAⅢ级组(P<0.05)。心力衰竭组的LVEF水平显著低于对照组[(51±4)%比(65±5)%],NYHAⅢ级组和Ⅳ级组LVEF显著低于NYHAⅡ级组患者,且NYHAⅣ级组显著低于NYHAⅢ级组(P<0.05);2慢性心力衰竭患者的BNP水平与患者的心功能分级和LVDD水平均呈正相关(r=0.746,0.735,P<0.05),而与慢性心力衰竭患者的LVEF水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.832,P<0.05);3慢性心力衰竭患者已发生心血管事件(心血管事件组)12例,未发生心血管事件(未发生心血管事件组)57例,心血管事件组BNP、hs-CRP以及LVDD显著高于未发生心血管事件组[(723±36)ng/L比(316±15)ng/L,(7.1±2.4)mg/L比(2.0±0.5)mg/L,(59.2±2.8)mm比(46.4±2.0)mm],而LVEF水平显著低于未发生心血管事件组[(51±5)%比(60±7)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论联合检测BNP、CRP、LVEF以及LVDD水平是诊断慢性心力衰竭患者灵敏、稳定的标志物,可以诊断慢性心力衰竭的病理具有重要临床价值,还可以对慢性心力衰竭患者进行分级,为临床治疗提供有效的参考。     

脑钠肽在心力衰竭诊断和疗效监测中的价值

目的探讨脑钠肽(BNP)在心力衰竭诊断和疗效监测中的价值。方法回顾性分析2009年6月至2013年6月在武汉大学人民医院住院治疗的100例老年心力衰竭患者的临床资料,其中纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)Ⅰ级患者32例、Ⅱ级27例、Ⅲ级23例、Ⅳ级18例,左心室射血分数(LVEF)>40%42例、LVEF≤40%58例,左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)≤55 mm 46例、LVEDD>55 mm54例。另选择同期健康体检者50例作为对照组。观察不同心功能的患者和对照组血浆BNP和LVEF水平,不同心功能分级患者治疗前后血浆BNP水平变化,以及不同LVEF和LVEDD患者血浆BNP水平。结果 NYHAⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级组患者血浆BNP水平分别为(90±16)ng/L、(203±22)ng/L、(382±17)ng/L、(1088±30)ng/L,均高于对照组的(72±19)ng/L,且NYHAⅡ、Ⅲ以及Ⅳ级组BNP的水平均高于NYHAⅠ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);NYHAⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级组患者的LVEF分别为(62±7)%、(48±5)%、(41±3)%和(34±3)%,对照组为(62±7)%,对照组与NYHAⅠ级组的LVEF均高于NYHAⅡ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);LVEF>40%组患者血浆BNP水平低于LVEF≤40%组[(140±14)ng/L比(455±31)ng/L],LVEDD≤55 mm组高于LVEDD>55 mm组[(515±45)ng/L比(158±19)ng/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);NYHAⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级组患者治疗后血浆BNP分别为(59±6)ng/L、(66±5)ng/L、(71±6)ng/L及(79±4)ng/L,与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 BNP在心力衰竭患者的临床诊断中具有较高的诊断价值,且可为临床治疗心力衰竭提供一定的依据。     

血浆B型脑钠肽对充血性心力衰竭的诊断价值

目的 探讨血浆B型脑钠肽(B-type natriuretic peptide,BNP)的浓度变化对充血性心力衰竭(congestire heart failure,CHF)的诊断价值.方法 采用酶联免疫法检测90例充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者(NYHAⅡ～Ⅳ级)和40名健康体检者的血浆B型脑钠肽(BNP)的浓度,同时采用美国纽约心脏病学会(NYHA)标准对心功能进行分级和用超声心动图检查评定患者的心功能状态.结果 充血性心力衰竭(CHF)组血浆B型脑钠肽(BNP)浓度为(1896.6±685.8)ng/L,对照组血浆B型脑钠肽(BNP)浓度为(90.2±52.3)ng/L,两组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).BNP浓度心功能Ⅱ级为(589.4±298.5)ng/L,Ⅲ级为(1287.8±544.6)ng/L,Ⅳ级为(3578.8±987.6)ng/L,两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).左心室射血分数(LVEF)>40%的CHF患者BNP浓度为(1078.8±603.7)ng/L,LVEF<40%的CHF患者BNP浓度为(2398.6±707.8)ng/L,两组CHF患者血浆BNP浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 血浆BNP对CHF的诊断具有很高的准确性,BNP与超声心动图反映的血流动力学指标LVEF及NYHA分级具有较好的相关性,可以作为充血性心力衰竭分级的一个良好的诊断指标.     

心力衰竭患者脑钠素浓度与左室功能的关系及临床意义

目的 探讨心力衰竭患者快速检测血浆脑钠素(BNP)水平与左室功能的关系及对心衰诊断的临床意义.方法 对住院有气急和呼吸困难患者80例分为心源性呼吸困难组40例和肺源性呼吸困难组40例.均经干式快速免疫荧光法定量分析检测血浆BNP.超声心动图检查左室舒张期末内径(LVEDD)和左室射血分数(LVEF).结果 心功能Ⅱ级,LVEF≤50%的8例患者血浆BNP浓度为(281.70±163.45)ng/L,心功能Ⅲ级,LVEF≤45%的20例患者血浆BNP浓度为(580.30±210.12)ng/L,心功能Ⅳ级,LVEF≤30%的12例患者血浆BNP浓度为(1486.65±651.34)ng/L. LVEDD≥60mm组18例的血浆BNP浓度(918.418±450.21)ng/L,显著高于LVEDD＜60mm组22例的血浆BNP浓度(298.58±160.51)ng/L(P＜0.01),而LVEDD＜60mm组血浆BNP浓度比左、右室舒张期末内径正常的肺源性呼吸困难组血浆BNP浓度(31.4±26.51)ng/L显著增高(P＜0.01),心源性呼吸困难组血浆BNP浓度(741.63±453.15)ng/L,明显高于肺源性呼吸困难组(31.4±26.51)ng/L(P＜0.01).结论 血浆BNP的释放与左心室容积增大有关,心衰患者血浆BNP的浓度水平与左心室功能障碍严重程度密切相关,快速检测血浆BNP浓度对鉴别呼吸困难是心源性或肺源性具有重要临床意义.     

肺炎合并心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽和心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的变化及临床意义

目的探讨肺炎合并心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽(BNP)和心肌肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)的变化及临床意义。方法选取于2013年7月至2015年2月北京市第六医院收治的55例肺炎合并心力衰竭患者作为观察组,另选取同时期来本院体检的正常健康志愿者30例作为对照组,比较其心率、左心室射血分数(LVEF)和左心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)值,以及BNP和c Tn I水平。结果观察组心功能Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级患者c Tn I和BNP水平[(0.26±0.05)μg/L、(1438±145)ng/L;(0.42±0.11)μg/L、(2093±257)ng/L]均显著高于心功能Ⅱ级[(0.14±0.03)μg/L、(519±126)ng/L],观察组心功能Ⅳ级c Tn I和BNP水平均显著高于心功能Ⅲ级(P<0.05)。观察组心力衰竭恢复期c Tn I和BNP低于心力衰竭期[(0.39±0.09)μg/L比(0.20±0.04)μg/L;(1290±431)ng/L比(652±138)ng/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组患者心率显著高于对照组[(82±14)次/min比(70±8)次/min],LVEF和LVFS显著低于对照组[(48.4±2.5)%比(70.9±3.1)%,(29.2±1.4)%比(34.8±1.6)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论肺炎合并心力衰竭患者血浆内c Tn I和BNP均有显著升高,BNP可作为监测心力衰竭的一项指标,c Tn I则是诊断心肌梗死的标志物,便于医师早期进行风险评估,改善心脏功能,临床意义较高。     

血浆N端脑钠肽前体水平与舒张性心力衰竭的相关性研究

目的研究血浆N端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)水平与舒张性心力衰竭的相关性。方法入选2013年1月至2014年12月牡丹江医学院红旗医院收治的无心力衰竭症状和体征,左心室射血分数(LVEF)>50%,组织多普勒二尖瓣舒张早期血流峰值与二尖瓣环运动速度之比(E/E')>15,纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)分级为Ⅰ级,诊断为无症状舒张功能障碍患者60例,作为无症状舒张功能障碍组;有心力衰竭症状和体征,LVEF>50%,组织多普勒E/E'>15,NYHA分级为Ⅱ级以上,作为舒张性心力衰竭组80例。同期选择来本院就诊的无心力衰竭症状和体征,LVEF>50%,无节段性室壁运动及左心室舒张功能异常的其他疾病患者80例,作为心功能正常组。测定受试者NT-pro BNP水平,比较不同心功能状况下NT-pro BNP水平的差异。结果舒张性心力衰竭组NT-pro BNP水平显著高于无症状舒张功能障碍组和心功能正常组[(479±62)ng/L比(217±35)ng/L、(63±16)ng/L,P<0.05]。无症状舒张功能障碍组NT-pro BNP水平显著高于心功能正常组(P<0.05)。舒张性心力衰竭患者NYHA分级与NT-pro BNP水平呈正相关(r=0.775,P<0.05)。结论 NT-pro BNP在舒张性心力衰竭患者中有不同程度的升高,升高的程度与舒张性心力衰竭的严重程度呈正相关,可以作为舒张性心力衰竭NT-pro BNP早期的诊断指标。     

慢性心力衰竭患者外周BNP的水平与心功能相关性的分析

目的 :分析慢性心力衰竭患者外周脑钠肽的水平与其心功能的相关性,评价BNP指标在评估慢性心力衰竭患者心功能方面的临床价值。方法 :将我院心内科收治的60例慢性心力衰竭患者作为心衰组,将60例同期在我院进行体检的健康人设为健康组,采用化学发光法测定两组受试者血浆BNP的水平,采用心脏彩色超声测定慢性心力衰竭患者的左室射血分数(LVEF),并与其血浆BNP水平进行相关性分析。结果 :心衰组患者血浆BNP的平均水平为(960.45±219.80)ng/L,健康组受试者血浆BNP的平均水平为(64.45±19.80)ng/L,心衰组患者血浆BNP的平均水平明显高于健康组受试者,差异显著(P<0.01),有统计学意义。心衰组患者血浆BNP的水平可随着其心功能NYHA分级的增加而增高,呈正相关。心衰组患者中心功能NYHA分级为Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级患者血浆BNP的水平相比较差异显著(r=0.72,P<0.05),有统计学意义。心衰组患者左室射血的分数可随着其心功能NYHA分级的增加而下降,呈负相关。心衰组患者中心功能NYHA分级为Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级患者左室射血的分数相比较差异显著(r=-0.56,P<0.05),有统计学意义。结论 :血浆BNP检测的方法简便、可重复性好,可用于评估慢性心力衰竭患者的病情及心功能分级,预测其预后,值得在临床上推广应用。     

慢性心力衰竭260例红细胞分布宽度及其相关性研究

目的:探讨慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者的红细胞分布宽度(RDW)与心功能的相关性。方法:选择260例慢性心力衰竭患者,分析RDW与美国纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)心功能分级级数、左室射血分数(LVEF)、氨基末端B型钠尿肽原(BNP)的关系结果:①RDW随NYHA心功能分级级数的增高而显著升高,各组间比较均有极显著性差异(P<0.01);②RDW与LVEF呈负正相关(r=-0.730 P<0.01);③RDW与BNP呈正相关(r=0.725,P<0.001)。结论:RDW增高与CHF患者的心功能程度有关。     

慢性心力衰竭患者血脑钠肽水平的变化

目的探讨慢性心力衰竭患者钠肽(BNP)浓度变化的临床价值。方法将69例慢性心力衰竭患者依据NYHA心功能分级,分为A组(心功能Ⅰ、Ⅱ级)、B组(心功能Ⅲ级)及C组(心功能Ⅳ级),采用ELISA法于入院时、治疗15d后进行血浆BNP水平检测,超声心动图测定左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF),并和30例健康成人对照组作比较。结果各心功能不全组患者血浆BNP水平均高于对照组(P<0.01);且各心功能不全组间也有显著差异(P<0.01);治疗前后血浆BNP水平比较具有显著性差异(P<0.05);当LVEDD≥60mm时的BNP与LVEDD<60mm时比较差异有显著性(P<0.01);当LVEF<40%时的BNP与LVEF≥40%时比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论慢性心力衰竭患者血脑钠肽水平的升高,BNP水平变化可能是导致慢性心力衰竭的原因之一。     

B型钠尿肽检测对急诊呼吸困难患者病因及心脏受累情况的评估价值

目的探讨B型钠尿肽(BNP)检测在急诊呼吸困难患者病因诊断及心功能评估中的临床意义。方法将2010年9月至2012年8月期间唐都医院急诊科收治的168例呼吸困难患者,根据相关检查结果分为心源性呼吸困难组(心源性组)与肺源性呼吸困难组(肺源性组),均进行超声心动图检查及血浆BNP检测,并进行对比分析。结果心源性组BNP显著高于肺源性组[(813.6±201.4)ng/L vs(234.5±189.8)ng/L,P<0.01],同时左心室射血分数显著低于肺源性组[(44.6±9.2)%vs(62.3±8.8)%,P<0.01];心功能Ⅱ级的心源性呼吸困难患者BNP显著低于Ⅲ级以及Ⅳ级患者[(398.7±215.8)ng/L vs(846.6±224.3)ng/L vs(1086.9±231.4)ng/L,P<0.01],同时心功能Ⅲ级患者BNP显著低于Ⅳ级患者(P<0.01)。结论 BNP可用于急诊呼吸困难患者病因鉴别诊断及其心脏受累程度的评估。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.