胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤临床病理学观察

目的 探讨胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤(serous microcystic adenoma,SMA)的临床与病理学特点.方法 对12例SMA进行临床病理、特殊染色及免疫组化观察并随访.结果 ①临床:12例SMA中,男3例、女9例,35～70岁,平均51.5岁;7例因体检发现,5例因上腹不适或疼痛就诊;肿瘤直径2.0～13 cm,平均6.0 cm,切面均呈蜂窝状,囊内含清亮液体或灰红色液体.②镜下:瘤组织由多量小囊腔构成,囊壁内衬单层立方或扁平上皮,胞浆透亮,富含糖原,部分嗜酸,核小而圆,深染,大小一致,无明显异型性,核分裂像极少或无.③特殊染色:瘤细胞PAS(+),AB-PAS(-).④免疫组化:AEl/AE3及EMA(+),CEA、Vimentin、CgA、Syn、CD34、P53及S-100均(-).10例病人随访12～71个月,均未见复发.结论 SMA为胰腺罕见的肿瘤,临床上多无明显症状,依据其特有的病理组织学形态及免疫组化染色可明确诊断.其具体生物学行为有待进一步研究.     

胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤临床病理学观察

目的 探讨胰腺浆液性微囊性腺瘤(serous microcystic adenoma,SMA)的临床与病理学特点.方法 对12例SMA进行临床病理、特殊染色及免疫组化观察并随访.结果 ①临床:12例SMA中,男3例、女9例,35～70岁,平均51.5岁;7例因体检发现,5例因上腹不适或疼痛就诊;肿瘤直径2.0～13 cm,平均6.0 cm,切面均呈蜂窝状,囊内含清亮液体或灰红色液体.②镜下:瘤组织由多量小囊腔构成,囊壁内衬单层立方或扁平上皮,胞浆透亮,富含糖原,部分嗜酸,核小而圆,深染,大小一致,无明显异型性,核分裂像极少或无.③特殊染色:瘤细胞PAS(+),AB-PAS(-).④免疫组化:AEl/AE3及EMA(+),CEA、Vimentin、CgA、Syn、CD34、P53及S-100均(-).10例病人随访12～71个月,均未见复发.结论 SMA为胰腺罕见的肿瘤,临床上多无明显症状,依据其特有的病理组织学形态及免疫组化染色可明确诊断.其具体生物学行为有待进一步研究.     

胰腺假乳头实体上皮瘤的诊断和治疗

目的　探讨胰腺假乳头实体上皮瘤的诊断和治疗方法。方法　回顾性分析我院自1994年6月至2 0 0 3年6月收治的2 1例胰腺假乳头实体上皮瘤患者的临床资料。结果　本组中13例以腹痛为主要表现,7例可扪及腹块。影像学检查未能明确诊断。12例肿瘤位于胰头,9例位于胰体尾部。肿瘤平均直径9 5 (3～2 0 )cm。1例合并肝转移。12例胰头肿瘤中4例行胰十二指肠切除术,8例行肿块切除术;9例胰体尾部肿瘤均行胰腺体尾部加脾切除术。14例术中冰冻病理诊断明确,另有3例免疫组化染色结果报告为胰岛素瘤或其他恶性肿瘤,最终由病理切片及免疫组化染色结果明确诊断。免疫组化染色报告15例NSE染色中14例阳性,10例Vimentin染色中8例阳性,8例PAS染色中7例阳性,细胞角蛋白、上皮膜抗原及嗜铬颗粒素A均阴性。18例获随访,中位随访时间2 4 (1～6 0 )个月,均无瘤存活。结论　对年轻女性出现的胰腺巨大肿瘤应高度怀疑胰腺假乳头实体上皮瘤。积极的手术治疗能获得良好的预后。     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 总结胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的诊断与治疗经验.方法 回顾性分析天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院2006年1月至2011年10月收治的24例胰腺实性假乳头状瘤患者的临床病理资料.结果 本组患者中男2例、女22例,中位年龄27.5岁(12～51岁).24例患者中11例肿瘤位于胰头,5例位于胰体,4例位于胰尾,3例位于胰体尾,1例位于胰颈体部.肿瘤直径平均为6.4cm(2.0～12.0 cm).该病无特异性临床表现,术前诊断主要依赖于彩超、CT、MR等影像学检查.所有患者均行手术切除治疗,经术后病理证实为胰腺实性假乳头状瘤.术后随访时间为2～55个月,中位随访时间27.2个月,23例患者无瘤生存,l例患者术后复发,带瘤生存. 结论 胰腺实性假乳头状瘤是一种少见的低度恶性胰腺肿瘤,多发于青年女性,完整手术切除可获得较好的预后.     

胰腺恶性间质瘤二例

例1女,69岁,因右上腹间断性疼痛2年余而入院,患者近两年无明显诱因出现右上腹隐痛,偶尔出现呕吐.入院查体:腹部稍膨隆,右上腹肋缘下可触及一鸡蛋大小包块,光滑,活动度好,局部稍有压痛.CT检查提示胰腺头部一球形包块(图1,2),B超检查提示胰腺钩突部实性肿物,中心坏死液化.术中见:胰腺钩突区有一直径约9 cm肿瘤,边缘光滑,无粘连.肝十二指肠韧带内有2枚肿大淋巴结,腹腔无种植转移灶.行胰十二指肠切除术,术中出血约900 ml,术后痊愈出院.病理报告:胰腺低度恶性间质瘤,免疫组化CD117(+)(图3),CD34(-),SMA(+),S-100(-).术后随访8个月无复发.     

胰腺恶性间质瘤二例

例1女,69岁,因右上腹间断性疼痛2年余而入院,患者近两年无明显诱因出现右上腹隐痛,偶尔出现呕吐.入院查体:腹部稍膨隆,右上腹肋缘下可触及一鸡蛋大小包块,光滑,活动度好,局部稍有压痛.CT检查提示胰腺头部一球形包块(图1,2),B超检查提示胰腺钩突部实性肿物,中心坏死液化.术中见:胰腺钩突区有一直径约9 cm肿瘤,边缘光滑,无粘连.肝十二指肠韧带内有2枚肿大淋巴结,腹腔无种植转移灶.行胰十二指肠切除术,术中出血约900 ml,术后痊愈出院.病理报告:胰腺低度恶性间质瘤,免疫组化CD117(+)(图3),CD34(-),SMA(+),S-100(-).术后随访8个月无复发.     

胰腺恶性间质瘤二例

例1女,69岁,因右上腹间断性疼痛2年余而入院,患者近两年无明显诱因出现右上腹隐痛,偶尔出现呕吐.入院查体:腹部稍膨隆,右上腹肋缘下可触及一鸡蛋大小包块,光滑,活动度好,局部稍有压痛.CT检查提示胰腺头部一球形包块(图1,2),B超检查提示胰腺钩突部实性肿物,中心坏死液化.术中见:胰腺钩突区有一直径约9 cm肿瘤,边缘光滑,无粘连.肝十二指肠韧带内有2枚肿大淋巴结,腹腔无种植转移灶.行胰十二指肠切除术,术中出血约900 ml,术后痊愈出院.病理报告:胰腺低度恶性间质瘤,免疫组化CD117(+)(图3),CD34(-),SMA(+),S-100(-).术后随访8个月无复发.     

胰腺体尾部神经鞘瘤一例

患者,女,55岁.因发现上腹部肿块1周入院.查体:腹平软,上腹部可扪及8 cm×8 cm左右大小肿块,质地较硬,边界不清,无明显压痛.实验室检查:血尿淀粉酶、血清肿瘤标志物(甲胎蛋白、CEA、CA125、CA19-9)均在正常范围.CT平扫示胰体尾部不规则形低密度肿块影(图1),增强扫描呈轻度强化,肿瘤血管主要发自脾动脉(图2).术中见肿块大小约16 cm×11 cm×6 cm,来源于胰腺体尾部,表面呈不规则结节状,包膜完整,切面呈实性,色灰白至灰红,质地中等,部分包裹腹腔干及肠系膜上动脉.术后病理:胰体尾部富细胞性神经鞘瘤(图3,4).免疫组化染色:S-100 (+++),GFAP(+),CD117(-),CD34(-),SMA(灶状+),Ki-67(＜ 10％).     

肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊治(附三例报告及文献复习)

目的　提高肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊治水平。　方法　回顾分析 3例肾嗜酸细胞瘤患者的临床资料。临床无特异表现 ,肿瘤大小分别为 7.6cm× 8.5cm× 6 .8cm、10 .0cm× 11.5cm× 9.8cm、10 .0cm× 8.0cm× 6 .8cm ,分别位于左肾下极、右肾上极、右肾下极。CT扫描肿瘤密度均匀一致 ,瘤体中央有星状结构。术前均诊为肾癌而行肾癌根治术。　结果　肉眼观察瘤体边界清楚 ,切面呈棕色或棕褐色 ,均质状 ,无出血及坏死灶。光镜下瘤细胞排列成腺泡状或管状 ,胞质含丰富的嗜酸性颗粒 ,细胞无明显异型性和核分裂相。电镜下胞质内见大量线粒体。免疫组化染色 :Cytokeratin( ) ,EMA( ) ,Vimentin(- )。 3例患者随访 16～ 30个月 ,未见肿瘤复发或转移。　结论　肾嗜酸细胞瘤是一种良性实质性上皮肿瘤 ,临床无特异性 ,诊断需依据病理组织学、免疫组化及电镜特点综合判断。     

男性肾混合性上皮间质肿瘤1例报告

男性肾混合性上皮间质肿瘤(MESTK)十分罕见。本文报道1例。患者体检时偶然发现肾脏占位性病变并行腹腔镜下根治性左肾切除术。术后病理结果为MESTK, 免疫组化染色为ER(+), PR(+), SMA(+)。术后随访4个月, 患者无手术相关并发症, 无肿瘤复发征象。     

胰腺浆液性囊腺肿瘤的临床诊断及治疗方法分析

目的研究分析胰腺浆液性囊腺肿瘤的临床诊断和治疗方法,以提高诊断率和治疗水平。方法选取我院从1997年10月至2013年1月收治的60例经病理证实的胰腺浆液性囊腺肿瘤患者作为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 60例患者中,男性患者14例,占23.33%,女性患者46例,占76.67%;患者年龄24岁至88岁,平均年龄57.88±3.52岁。术前无明显临床症状患者20例,占33.33%。所有患者行B超检查,提示胰腺有囊性或囊实性占位者50例(83.33%),14例确诊为浆液性囊腺瘤(23.33%)。52例患者行CT检查,确诊浆液性囊腺瘤38例,诊断符合率为73.08%。所研究患者均采用手术治疗,其中行胰十二指肠切除术18例(30.00%),胰腺远端切除术40例(66.66%),肿瘤剥除术1例(1.67%),胃空肠,胆管空肠吻合术1例(1.67%)。术后有6例患者出现并发症(占10.00%),主要并发症有胰瘘,内出血,幽门梗阻,胰腺假性囊肿合并肠瘘及不同程度的胸腔积液。术后随访1至15年,除1例浆液性囊腺癌患者于术后14个月死亡外,其余预后良好,术后无复发。术后对肿瘤进行病理分型,分为微囊型浆液性囊腺瘤52例(占86.67%),寡囊型浆液性囊腺瘤8例(占13.33%),包括微囊型浆液性囊腺癌1例。寡囊型患者的术后平均住院日为(20.11±0.87)d大于微囊型(17.12±6.77)d,差异有统计学意义(P=0.030)。按肿瘤大小分为两组,直径≥4 cm组和直径4 cm组。肿瘤直径≥4 cm组患者临床症状发生率为76.56%高于直径-4 cm组临床症状发生率23.10%(P=0.021),其余临床指标经统计学处理无显著差异。结论胰腺浆液性囊腺瘤好发于中老年女性,无特异性临床表现。B超检查适用于初步诊断和筛查,CT诊断准确率较高,有重要临床诊断价值。肿瘤多发于胰体尾部,胰体尾切除术为主要手术方式。术后主要并发症为胰瘘。经手术治疗后,患者症状得到改善,远期预后较好。     

Serous Adenoma of the Pancreas With Multiple Microcysts Communicating With the Pancreatic Duct

The rare neoplastic cystic adenomas of the pancreas form two groups of tumors: macrocystic mucinous and microcystic serous adenomas. Both entities show specific radiologic and histologic features. Several recent case reports, however, suggest some diversity within the group of microcystic serous adenomas. We present the case of a young man operated because of epigastric pain for 12 months and a palpable microcystic tumor of the pancreatic head. Multiple cysts communicating with branches of the pancreatic duct in an alveolar-like pattern were demonstrated on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Histologic examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a serous adenoma of the pancreas. The tumor morphology in this case may suggest a ductal origin of microcystic serous adenomas.     

Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas: a new entity?

Microcystic cystadenoma of the pancreas is a well-recognized although rare pathological entity. All previously reported examples of this tumor have been uniformly benign in behavior. In this case report, we present a primary tumor of the pancreas that was histologically indistinguishable from microcystic adenoma, but which behaved in a malignant fashion. Metastases were found in the stomach and liver. We believe that this case represents a new entity, which we have termed "serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas."     

胰腺浆液性小囊性腺瘤临床与病理分析:附四例

目的 分析胰腺浆液性小囊性腺瘤(serous microcystic adenoma,sMA)的临床、病理特点及治疗.方法 回顾性分析4例sMA的临床表现、病理特征及治疗结果 .行PAS染色及CK7、CK20、AE1/AE3、EMA、CA19-9、CEA、34βE12、P63、SMA、Vim、S-100、CgA、Syn、NSE、ER、PR等免疫组织化学检测.结果 病人平均年龄66岁,因体检发现肿块或因其它疾病人院.巨检肿块呈蜂窝状,镜下见大小不等囊腔,囊内衬单层立方或扁平上皮,胞质透亮或嗜酸性.小囊间为胶原纤维分隔.肿瘤无包膜.上皮PAS染色及CK7、EMA、AE1/AE3均全部弥漫阳性.病人均出现手术并发症.结论 胰腺sMA好发于老年人,多为偶然发现.肉眼观呈蜂窝状,镜下小囊内衬一致性富于糖原的上皮,无包膜.免疫组化检测CK7、EMA、AE1/AE3全部阳性.肿块局部彻底切除是最佳治疗方案,但对于无症状的手术耐受力差的病人建议明确诊断后行保守治疗.     

Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas with liver metastases

Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas is a rare entity. We report a primary tumor of the pancreas in a 56-year-old woman that was histologically indistinguishable from microcystic adenoma, but which behaved in a malignant fashion. Metastatic lesions were found in the liver at the time of the initial operation. Nine years after the initial operation, new metastatic liver nodules were found, and the histologic characteristics of these lesions were quite similar to those of the pancreatic neoplasm. This is a very rare case which may support the existence of the entity, serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Received for publication on Mar. 27, 1998; accepted on May 6, 1998     

Carcinoma ex microcystic adenoma of the pancreas: a report of a novel form of malignancy in serous neoplasms

Serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are generally considered benign lesions. Malignant counterparts have been occasionally described, and the diagnosis of malignancy is based solely on the presence of synchronous or metachronous metastases to the lymph nodes or liver, direct tumor invasion into adjacent organs, or vascular invasion. However, these malignant serous cystic tumors are lined by benign-appearing glycogen-rich cuboidal cells, which have been morphologically indistinguishable from benign microcystic serous cystadenoma in all the cases reported so far. We report a unique case of microcystic serous cystadenoma giving rise to carcinoma with distinctive histologic features including signet ring-like cells and solid nests. We believe that this case represents the first case of a cytologically malignant neoplasm arising from a benign serous cystadenoma (carcinoma ex microcystic serous cystadenoma).     

胰腺囊性肿瘤的诊断与治疗

自１９６５～１９９４年，作者收治了１６例胰腺囊性肿瘤病人。男性４例，女性１２例，平均年龄５０９岁。１６例中浆液性囊腺瘤２例，良性的粘液性囊腺瘤７例，粘液性囊腺癌４例，乳头状囊腺癌１例，低分化腺癌１例，未分化癌１例。Ｂ超和ＣＴ检查对于肿物的检出、浆液性囊腺瘤内多发小囊的分辨，以及肿物周边钙化的显示具有一定价值。囊肿壁不完全的活组织检查可导致冰冻甚至石腊切片的误诊。除了个别已被确诊的无症状的浆液性囊腺瘤可进行观察，其余各种类型的病变均要行手术切除。本文对各种类型囊性肿瘤的特征、囊性肿瘤与假性囊肿的鉴别诊断以及各类手术方式进行了讨论。     

A giant pancreatic serous microcystic adenoma with 20 years follow-up

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There is only little information about the spontaneous course of large pancreatic serous tumours. We followed up a white woman with a giant serous microcystic adenoma over more than 20 years. CASE REPORT: At first clinical presentation, in 1986, the tumour measured 4.5 cm in diameter. Two years later, it measured 6 cm and was considered as non-resectable at laparotomy. A biopsy was obtained, and the tumour was diagnosed as lymphangioma, based on hematoxylin and eosin-staining. During the follow-up, the tumour progressively increased in size, measuring 12 cm in diameter in 1993 and 17 cm in 2000. Thus, an average growth rate of 0.83 cm per year was calculated. Unspecific abdominal discomfort and pain were the leading clinical symptoms. A colonic resection was necessary because of compression by the tumour in 1993. Portal hypertension was detected at laparotomy. Finally, the initial biopsy specimen was re-evaluated, using immunohistochemistry, and the final diagnosis of a serous microcystic adenoma was made. CONCLUSION: This unique case demonstrates that the spontaneous course of serous microcystic adenoma of the pancreas may be favourable even with huge tumour size and that immunohistochemistry may prove a valuable tool for differential diagnosis of cystic pancreatic lesions. Due to their size and progressive, space-occupying growth, these biologically benign tumours may cause injury to adjacent organs and thus clinical symptoms. For this reason, curative surgical resection is the treatment of choice for this tumour entity except for small, asymptomatic lesions, which do not require intervention. When radical resection is impossible, palliative surgery may improve the quality of life for several years. The risk of malignant transformation seems to be low even in the long-term course.