球囊扩张支架置入术治疗布加综合征15例分析

目的:探讨经皮球囊成形术和血管内支架治疗布加综合征(BCS)的临床治疗效果。方法:对就诊的15例布加综合征患者进行了球囊扩张及血管内支架植入治疗。结果:14例球囊扩张成功,植入血管内支架10个,1例长段闭塞穿刺未能成功经过比较下腔静脉压力,病灶两端压力差手术后明显低于手术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而下腔直径手术后明显大于手术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),术后1周内临床症状明显改善,无严重并发症发生,疗效满意。结论:与外科手术相比,球囊扩张治疗布加综合征具有创伤小、操作简单、费用低、并发症少的优点,值得临床推广应用。     

球囊扩张支架置入术治疗布加综合征35例护理体会

目的：总结球囊扩张支架置入术治疗布加综合征的护理方法。方法：对35例布加综合征行球囊扩张支架置入术进行护理,强调术前心理护理、饮食护理、改善器官功能以及术后严密观察生命体征的变化、防止并发症的发生。结果：35例均球囊扩张成功,置入血管内支架37个。1例因肺栓塞而死亡,其余34例术后1周内临床症状明显改善,随访6~48个月,疗效满意。结论：加强围手术期的护理有助于提高布加综合征球囊扩张支架置入术治疗的成功率。     

膜性阻塞型Budd-Chiari综合征的介入治疗

目的　评价膜性阻塞型Budd -Chiari综合征的血管内支架成形术的安全性和可靠性。方法　对 1 2例膜性阻塞型Budd -Chiari综合征采用血管内支架治疗 ,其中 9例完全梗阻 ,采用RUPS - 1 0 0穿刺系统开通 ,球囊扩张后再植入支架。结果　 1 2例全部成功 ,平均腔静脉压从术前 3 .3± 1 .2kPa降至术后 1 .2± 0 .6kPa ,超声随访 3～ 6个月未见复发。结论　血管内支架治疗膜性阻塞型Budd Chiari综合征安全有效。     

布加综合征的介入治疗

目的：研究经皮球囊成形术（ＰＴＡ）和血管内支架治疗布加综合征的近期和远期疗效。　方法：对１６ 例布加综合征患者进行了ＰＴＡ及血管内支架植入治疗。　结果：术后临床症状明显改善,下腔静脉压力阶差显著降低,（１４．６±３．１）ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ ｖｓ （１．９±０．５）ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ（Ｐ＜ ０．００１）,右房压力明显升高（４．８±１．６） ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ ｖｓ （１０．７±２．１）ｍ ｍ Ｈｇ（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）,无严重并发症发生。随访１～４２个月（平均１０ 个月）,除３ 例发生不同程度再狭窄外,临床症状均有改善,各项指标仍显著好于术前,近期及中远期疗效满意。　结论：只要掌握好适应证,ＰＴＡ和血管内支架,加上抗凝药物治疗布加综合征具有创伤小、并发症少、死亡率低、安全有效等特点,可望成为外科手术的替代疗法。     

重症布加综合征的治疗

目的探讨重症布加综合征的介入加手术治疗方法及效果。方法对16例以膜型阻塞为主,阻塞远端下腔静脉,合并肝静脉堵塞的布加综合征患者,实施经皮经腔内支架压栓、球囊扩张成形内支架置入术,术后再次行肠腔分流术。术后随访3个月至8.5 a。结果下腔静脉压力由术前的(2.68±0.40)kPa下降至术后的(1.12±0.21)kPa,上腔静脉压力由术前的(0.40±0.15)kPa上升至(0.87±0.26)kPa,术后与术前比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),手术后门静脉压力平均下降(2.27±0.36)kPa。术后无肺栓塞等严重并发症发生。结论对血栓性膜型阻塞性合并肝静脉堵塞型布加综合征,可施行多支架压栓加肠腔分流术治疗。     

布加综合征球囊扩张置入支架介入治疗患者围手术期的护理对策

目的 总结球囊扩张支架置入术治疗布加综合征的护理方法及要点。方法 对20例布加综合征行球囊扩张支架置入术患者进行护理,强调术前心理护理、饮食护理、改善器官功能以及术后严密观察生命体征的变化、防止并发症的发生。结果 其中只有3例患者出现出血、血栓形成、发热反应,余17例无术中及术后的严重并发症发生。结论加强围手术期的护理有助于提高布加综合征球囊扩张支架置入术治疗的成功。     

经上下腔静脉联合介入治疗隔膜型布-加综合征

目的 探讨经上下腔静脉破膜、球囊成形术(perculaneous transluminal angioplasty,PTA)和血管内支架治疗隔膜型布-加综合征的临床价值和疗效.方法 对隔膜型布-加综合征患者21例进行经上下腔静脉破膜、球囊扩张及血管内支架植入治疗.结果 21例均破膜、球囊扩张成功,植入血管内支架21个....     

老年急性冠脉综合征直接冠状动脉支架植入远期疗效观察

目的探讨老年急性冠脉综合征患者直接冠状动脉支架植入后远期临床疗效。方法选择老年急性冠脉综合征患者24例,非经球囊预扩张直接植入冠状动脉支架,随访观察患者远期临床疗效。结果经选择性冠状动脉造影检查,选择符合入选标准的34处病变,成功直接植入冠状动脉支架32个,无急性期并发症。进行(26.29±14.72)个月的随访,术后胸痛发生率8.3%,支架植入后再狭窄率12.5%。结论直接冠状动脉支架植入治疗老年急性冠脉综合征切实可行,并且具有较好的远期临床疗效。     

血管内支架成形术治疗椎动脉起始部狭窄42例分析

目的:探讨椎动脉起始部动脉粥样硬化性狭窄血管内支架成形术治疗的可行性、安全性及并发症。方法:42例椎动脉起始部狭窄患者,术前均行全脑血管造影检查,局部麻醉下共置入椎动脉起始处支架42枚。结果:本组42例手术均成功,置入球囊扩张支架41枚,自膨支架1枚;椎动脉起始处狭窄(76±10.3)%降至术后(7.2±3.2%)%。术后有38例患者临床症状有好转,占90.5%,无临床症状加重者。术中4例有一过性头晕,1例有小脑梗死,1例术后TIA发作,经治疗后症状均缓解。随访40例患者,再狭窄率4.76%。结论:对内科药物治疗无效的椎动脉起始部狭窄的患者,选择血管内支架成形术在技术上是可行的、安全的、有效的,但其远期并发症有待进一步观察。     

胃镜下球囊扩张与植入覆膜支架治疗贲门失弛缓症疗效比较

目的比较经胃镜下球囊扩张术与植入覆膜可回收食管支架治疗贲门失弛缓症的临床疗效及并发症。方法回顾性分析2000年10月—2011年6月贲门失弛缓症行内镜下治疗患者共68例,其中行胃镜下球囊扩张术42例,覆膜支架植入治疗26例,2组患者术前临床症状积分和食管体部直径差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结果球囊扩张组19例需2次扩张治疗,扩张2次病例平均年龄(28.5±6.2)岁,扩张1次病例平均年龄(47.3±12.6)岁,两者差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),穿孔1例。支架组均植入成功,20例有移位,经1～5次重新放置支架,其中5例2～3周取出,21例1个月时取出,无穿孔、出血等并发症。2组治疗后1、3、6个月时有效率及1、6个月时食管最宽体部直径差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),12个月时差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论球囊扩张术是治疗贲门失弛缓症首选方法 ,特别是中老年患者,支架治疗可获长期效果,但有较高的再次内镜介入治疗率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.