The effect of ultraviolet radiation on the electrical conductivity of human bone.

The electrical conductivity of intact bone, collagen and apatite mineral was determined in the region of moderately high fields. After exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation the conductivity of the specimens was redetermined. Following exposure marked decreases in electrical conductivity occurred in all specimens. The possible modes of interaction of UV radiation with bone are discussed. It is suggested that protonic conduction may be an important mode of charge transport in bone.     

An ultraviolet spectrophotometric procedure for the routine determination of naproxen.

1. A procedure for the routine assay of Naproxen in serum by ultraviolet spectrophotometry is presented. The absorption coefficient (A1 1% cm) of Naproxen in methanol at 261 nm was found to be 216. 2. The Naproxen procedure appears to be relatively free from interferences of commonly coadministered medications. Salicylate interference is eliminated by a modified procedure. 3. Concentrations of Naproxen in a limited number (40) of clinical samples ranged from non-detected to 12.5 mg/dl. The therapeutic concentration appears to be 4 to 6 mg/dl (174-260 mumol/L).     

紫外线灯管辐照强度监测方法及使用寿命的临床研究

目的探讨紫外线灯管的使用寿命及更换灯管依据,以保证紫外线灯管辐照强度监测的准确性。方法采用移动式紫外线强度监测柜对40w和20w的紫外线灯管进行辐照强度监测作为实验组I和实验组Ⅱ,采用实地拉杆式垂直监测和生物安全柜内垂直监测的数据作为对照组I和对照组Ⅱ,比较两种监测方法紫外线灯管辐照强度变化;将正在使用中的紫外线灯管,累计使用时间〉1000h的设为实验组Ⅲ,累计使用时间〈1000h的设为对照组Ⅲ,在标准状态下并在紫外线强度监测柜中检测,分别记录每只灯管的累计使用时间及辐照强度和合格率;选取同一房间的所有紫外线灯管都〉1000h且无更换记录的作为实验组IV,〈1000h且无更换记录的房间为对照组Ⅳ,进行紫外线消毒前后空气采样,分别记录检测的细菌菌落总数,观察两组灯管紫外线消毒效果。结果实验组I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组辐照强度与对照组I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组灯管合格率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;实验组Ⅳ紫外线消毒后细菌平均杀灭率为86．4％,对照组Ⅳ的平均杀灭率为85．7％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论使用紫外线强度监测柜监测紫外线辐照强度准确、实用。不能将累计使用时间〉1000h作为判断紫外线灯管的使用寿命而更换灯管的依据,应定期监测紫外线灯管的辐照强度,不合格者作为更换灯管的依据。     

光量子血液疗法对血小板的影响

目的 探讨光量子血液疗法对血小板的影响。方法 血液光量子前后进行血小板计数和血浆α颗粒膜蛋白－140（GMP－140）测定，并对光量子前后的血小板形态进行电镜观察。结果 与光量子化前相比，量子化后，血液的血小板数有所下降（P＜0．05），血浆中的GMP－140含量显著升高（P＜0．01），电镜结果显示量子化后血小板伪足形成增多，并伴有血小板碎片。结论 在本试验条件下紫外线照射对血液中的血小板有激活和形态损害作用。     

Enzyme-coupled ultraviolet determination of alpha-amylase activity with the GEMSAEC centrifugal analyzer.

We evaluated the Harleco alpha-glucosidase/hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-coupled alpha-amylase method, bu use of the GEMSAEC centrifugal analyzer. Performance evaluation included kinetic studies of substrate and maltose hydrolysis as well as effects of endogenous glucose and fructose. The reagent was found to give a linear response with alpha-amylase activity to greater than 1200 U/liter. Within-run precision resulted in coefficients of variation (CV) of 0.9 to 3.2% over the range studied. Day-to-day precision corresponded to CV's of 2.4 to 4.4% over the same range of alpha-amylase procedure was found to be good (r = 0.997) for patients' sera examined.     

Complications in ultraviolet irradiation of the blood

2380 sessions of ultraviolet blood irradiation have been analysed. A DRB-8 lamp was used as a source of irradiation. The complications observed were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 comprised complications associated with the technical performance of the manipulation, their rate being 1.3%. Group II comprised complications developed in ultraviolet blood irradiation. The complications observed in group II were as follows: rigor in 4 cases, hypotension in 2 cases, nasal bleeding in 3 cases, hypoglycemia in 1 patient, bronchospasm in 1 patient and urticaria in 1 patient. To prevent the onset of complications medical care and the oral intake of carbohydrates are recommended for 1.5-2 h after the session. Intramuscular injections are to be avoided for 1.5 h for fear of the appearance of hematomas.     

Enhanced membrane binding of autoantibodies to cultured keratinocytes of systemic lupus erythematosus patients after ultraviolet B/ultraviolet A irradiation.

Although sunlight is known to induce skin lesions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to exacerbate systemic manifestations, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We report experiments that show enhanced binding of IgG autoantibodies to the cell surface membrane of ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiated (200-1,600 J/m2) cultured SLE keratinocytes in 10 out of 12 such cell strains. The autoantibody probes showing increased binding were directed against the soluble intracellular antigens, Sm, RNP, SSA/Ro, SSB/La, whereas serum with anti-dsDNA activity did not demonstrate such binding. Control keratinocytes from several sources shared low level binding of autoantibodies after ultraviolet light exposure. In addition, 4/6 UVB-sensitive SLE strains showed increased autoantibody binding to the surface of SLE keratinocytes after UVA exposure (50-150 kJ/m2), but of lower magnitude. When UVB-sensitive nonirradiated SLE strains were exposed to autologous serum, 3/8 sera demonstrated a striking increase in IgG binding, which increased further after UVB exposure. Enhanced expression of saline-soluble intracellular antigens on the cell surface membrane of patient, but not control, keratinocytes may, in part, explain the photosensitivity of patients with SLE.     

The tumor-rejection antigens of the 1591 ultraviolet fibrosarcoma. Potential origin and evolutionary implications

Previously, we cloned and sequenced the three novel MHC class I genes expressed by the C3H UV fibrosarcoma, 1591. We have extended the analysis of the polymorphic nature of these genes relative to the C3H strain. Scattered nucleotide differences among the tumor genes as compared with the C3H H-2 and Qa sequences make it highly unlikely that the novel tumor genes were generated by recombination between endogenous C3H sequences. Given that two of the tumor clones, A149 and A166, are remarkably similar in amino acid and DNA sequence to H-2Lq and H-2Dq, respectively, we also examined the 1591 RP2 and GUS loci for evidence of polymorphism. Compared with C3H and B10.AKM, 1591 appears to be heterozygous at each of these loci, consistent with an H-2q origin for the two novel 1591 class I genes. Interestingly, the third tumor gene, designated A216, shares certain characteristics with the H-2Ks antigen, reminiscent of the naturally occurring combination of H-2Ks, H-2Dq, and H-2Lq antigens found in some Swiss mouse strains. As a result, we propose that the non-C3H/HeN characteristics displayed by the 1591 tumor point to a non-C3H origin for the novel tumor class I genes of 1591.     

Effects of ultraviolet radiation

Ultraviolet radiation from high-intensity sources has well-known acute effects on the eye and skin, consisting primarily of photokeratoconjunctivitis and sunburn, which are enhanced in the presence of photosensitizing agents. Long-term elevated exposure to low-level ultraviolet radiation is also responsible for an increased risk of squamous- and basal-cell carcinomas; probably responsible for an increased risk of cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts, pterygium, and cutaneous melanoma and intraocular melanoma and possibly responsible for immunologic effects of clinical significance.     

雌激素对长波紫外线辐射人皮肤成纤维细胞的影响

目的 探讨雌激素对定量长波紫外线(ultraviolet A,UVA)辐射的人皮肤成纤维细胞增殖、衰老和氧化损伤的影响及其作用机制.方法 对数期人皮肤成纤维细胞分为6组,分别为对照组、10-1、10-6、10-5、10-4、10-3 mol/L雌激素组,分别采用0、10-7、10-6、10-5、10-4、10-3 mol/L雌激素处理,6组细胞均以5 J/cm2 UVA辐射,作用24、48、72 h后,6组采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝法检测成纤维细胞增殖活性,采用β-半乳糖苷酶染色法观察细胞衰老情况,采用比色法检测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)水平及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、还原型谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(cat alase,CAT)活性.结果 作用48 h时10-6、10-7 mol/L组细胞增殖率((17.60±0.02)、(15.80±0.04)％))明显高于对照组(0) (P＜0.05);10-6、10-7 mol/L组作用48 h时衰老细胞数((59.13±1.25)/1 000个、(65.39±2.34)/1 000个)、MDA水平((0.208 4±0.116 8)、(0.205 3±0.137 6)nmol/L)明显低于对照组((97.25±1.12)/1 000个、(0.254 7±0.109 8)nmol/L) (P＜0.05),SOD((22.245±1.924)、(23.547±1.637)u/mL)、CAT((9.88±0.78)、(10.74±0.52) u/mL)、GSH Px((47.74±1.96)、(49.58±2.83) u/mL)活性明显高于对照组((18.606±1.803)、(7.29±1.24)、(35.78±5.37)u/mL)(P＜0.05).结论 低浓度(10-6、10-7 mol/L)雌激素通过增强人皮肤成纤维细胞的生物活性及抗氧化能力,抑制由UVA引起的光损伤.