强直性脊柱炎患者骨密度、骨代谢指标与中医辨证分型的关系

目的 检测1051例强直性脊柱炎(AS)骨密度(BMD)、骨代谢指标,探讨其与五种中医辨证分型的关系.方法 酶联免疫法、放射免疫法检测1051例AS患者及260例同期健康体检者血清骨钙素、骨碱性磷酸酶、I型胶原羧基端延长肽、I型胶原交联C末端肽及尿脱氧吡啶啉水平.双能X线法检测对照组与AS组腰椎、股骨颈、股骨粗隆BMD.并检测AS组ESR、CRP水平.探讨不同证型AS患者上述指标的异同.结果 五个证型患者的腰椎BMD均显著降低,除湿热伤肾证的股骨颈BMD与对照组相比无明显减低外,其余四个证型的股骨颈、股骨粗隆BMD及湿热伤肾证的股骨粗隆BMD均较对照组显著降低.AS患者邪郁化热证、湿热伤肾证的ESR、CRP高于其他证型,尤高于肾虚督寒、邪及肝肺证.肾虚督寒、邪及肝肺、邪痹肢节证的骨生成指标低于湿热伤肾、邪郁化热证.湿热伤肾、邪郁化热证的骨吸收指标高于其他证型.与对照组比较各证型骨吸收水平均显著增高.结论 AS患者的BMD的降低,是骨质受损的外在表现,与肾督亏虚密切相关.五个证型均存在着肾虚督亏骨质受损的表现,并存在着正气的偏虚、邪气的偏盛.但湿热伤肾、邪郁化热证的邪气更盛,治疗应更注重于驱邪;肾虚督寒、邪及肝肺、邪痹肢节证的正气更虚,治疗应更偏重于扶正.     

尪痹的证治

收集研究历代医家论治尪痹的经验,结合临床实践,总结出尪痹的病因病机（虚、邪、瘀）和证治方案,辨证分为4型：肾虚寒盛证,肾虚标热证,湿热伤肾证,肾虚督寒证。临床应用,取得良好的效果。     

男性强直性脊柱炎患者骨密度与血尿酸水平相关性研究

目的分析强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)男性患者骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)与血尿酸(serum uric acid,SUA)的相关关系。方法回顾性分析2013年9月到2018年9月在中日友好医院确诊的143名男性AS患者,按腰椎、股骨颈、股骨粗隆BMD水平各分为正常骨量组和骨量减少组。比较两组间患者临床基本资料、疾病活动程度指标等的差异;使用多元回归分析评估SUA水平与男性AS患者各部位BMD的关系;使用Logistic回归模型预测SUA与各部位BMD之间的风险概率;构建列线图预测男性AS患者腰椎及股骨粗隆发生骨量减少的风险。结果两组间比较结果显示,身高、腰椎、股骨颈、股骨粗隆BMD比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析提示SUA水平与腰椎、股骨粗隆的BMD呈正相关。Logistic回归分析结果提示,SUA每降低78 mmol/L发生腰椎和股骨粗隆骨量减少的风险分别升高18%和17%。通过构建的列线图可预测男性AS患者发生腰椎及股骨粗隆骨量减少的风险。结论SUA水平低可能会增加男性AS患者腰椎和股骨粗隆骨量减少的风险,SUA具有反映男性AS患者骨量减少风险的潜力。     

石家庄地区强直性脊柱炎证型分布及病情活动度研究

目的:分析石家庄地区强直性脊柱炎中医证型分布特点及病情活动情况.方法:选取石家庄市第三医院风湿免疫科门诊及住院强直性脊柱炎患者,采集病史及相关信息,辨证为肾虚督寒证、肾虚湿热证、瘀血阻络证、邪痹肢节证、邪及肝肺证、邪郁化热证.分析中医证候分布及家族史、潮湿环境接触情况、Bath强直性脊柱炎疾病活动指数(BASDAI)、...     

强直性脊柱炎睡眠质量与中医证型分析

目的：探讨睡眠质量与强直性脊柱炎（ankylosing spondylitis,AS）患者中医证型的关系,为伴睡眠质量问题AS患者的辨证论治提供参考。方法：选取AS患者110例,进行中医证型辨证,记录患者的一般资料、Bath强直性脊柱炎疾病活动指数（BASDAI）、Bath强直性脊柱炎功能指数（BASFI）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、红细胞沉降率（ESR）。运用睡眠状况自评量表（SRSS）评估睡眠质量。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果：不同证型伴睡眠质量问题程度的分布差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,AS患者肾虚督寒证较肾虚湿热证更易发生睡眠质量问题（P <0.05）。AS患者肾虚督寒证伴睡眠质量问题多表现为轻度睡眠质量问题,在早醒、恶梦夜惊、失眠后反应方面分值均高于肾虚湿热证（P <0.05）,其失眠后反应主要为乏力、疲倦、做事效率低下;AS患者肾虚督寒证伴睡眠质量问题较无睡眠质量问题者ESR及CRP水平高、BASDAI及BASFI分值高（P <0.05）。AS患者肾虚湿热证伴睡眠质量问题多表现为中度睡眠质量问题,在入睡困难方面分值明显高于肾虚督寒证...     

早期强直性脊柱炎骨密度分析

目的探讨早期强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)患者骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)及BMD与其他临床指标的相关性。方法回顾性研究调查2006年3月至2014年12月中日友好医院中医风湿病科确诊为早期AS患者120例,其中女性57例,平均年龄(31.02±5.94)岁;男性63岁,平均年龄(29.79±6.87)岁。健康人107例,其中女性48例,平均年龄(32.97±6.47)岁;男性59例,平均年龄(29.58±6.65)岁。双光能X线法检测腰椎、股骨颈、股骨粗隆的BMD与年龄、病程、疾病活动性指标、影像学指标进行相关分析。结果 (1)早期AS男性患者各部位的BMD均较健康人减低(P0.01),而女性患者则和健康人无统计学差异。(2)早期AS患者骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)6例(5%),骨量减少(osteopenia,OT)36例(21.67%)。其中男性早期AS患者腰椎OP者5例(7.93%),OT者29例(46.03%)。早期AS患者中,男性腰椎部位OP、OT发生率较女性高(P0.05),股骨颈及股骨粗隆部位OP/OT发生率无差异。(3)中、低年龄组中,早期AS患者的腰椎和股骨颈BMD较健康人显著减低,差异有统计学差异(P0.01)。(4)男性早期AS患者腰椎BMD与年龄呈显著负相关(P0.01)。结论早期AS男性患者即可出现显著BMD下降,OP发生率为7.93%,OT发生率为46.03%。其中腰椎部位BMD减低及OT发生率更为突出。早期AS患者BMD的下降与疾病活动指标无关联。对于男性AS患者,在疾病早期即需要重视OT及OP的诊断与防治。     

HLA-B27阳性与阴性强直性脊柱炎患者骨密度的对比分析

目的探讨HLA-B27阳性和阴性AS患者BMD的特点,及两组BMD与其他指标的相关性分析。方法回顾性调查2006年3月至2014年12月中日友好医院中医风湿病科确诊为AS的患者,其中HLA-B27阳性AS患者352例,HLA-B27阴性AS患者99例,双光能X线法检测腰椎、股骨颈、股骨粗隆的BMD,并与年龄、病程、疾病活动性指标、影像学指标、体征进行相关分析。结果 1HLA-B27阳性AS患者各部位BMD较阴性组显著降低;阳性AS患者OP及OT率66.76%,显著高于阴性组OP及OT率41.41%;阳性AS患者腰椎OP发生率、股骨颈、股骨粗隆OT发生率高于阴性组(P0.01、0.01、0.05)。2低年龄组(20~29岁)HLA-B27阳性AS患者的腰椎、股骨颈BMD低于阴性组;高年龄组(40~45岁)HLA-B27阳性AS患者的腰椎BMD显著低于阴性组。病程5年,HLA-B27阳性AS患者的腰椎BMD低于阴性组;5-10年,阳性AS患者各部位BMD显著低于阴性组(P0.05、0.01、0.05、0.01)。3HLA-B27阳性AS患者各部位BMD与年龄、体征具有显著相关性(P0.01)。结论 HLA-B27阳性AS患者OP及OT的发生率较阴性患者高,各部位BMD下降程度更明显,尤其是腰椎BMD;HLA-B27阳性AS患者在青年阶段、发病早中期即可出现骨密度的下降,且随着骨密度的下降,功能活动减退。所以对HLAB27阳性患者更要重视及早进行OP及OT的筛查、预防和诊治,尤其要注重腰椎BMD的检查。     

金天格胶囊对老年高血压患者骨密度、骨代谢及骨硬化蛋白水平的影响

目的探索老年高血压并骨质疏松患者口服金天格胶囊对骨密度及骨代谢指标的影响。方法选择2013年7月至2015年9月我院老年高血压并骨质疏松患者144例为研究对象,随机、双盲分为治疗组(n=72)和对照组(n=72)。治疗组患者口服金天格胶囊+钙剂,对照组口服钙剂。两组观察12个月,测定治疗前及治疗后12个月的血清骨钙素(OC)、血清Ⅰ型胶原C末端肽(s-CTX)、血清骨源性碱性磷酸酶(BAP)、血清骨硬化蛋白(SCL)和骨密度值(腰椎正位、股骨颈、前臂、股骨粗隆)。结果两组骨密度及骨代谢指标参数基线值比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后12个月后,两组OC、BAP及腰椎正位、股骨颈、前臂、股骨粗隆的BMD显著增大,且s-CTX、SCL水平显著降低(P0.05);而治疗组治疗后OC、BAP、sCTX、SCL及腰椎正位、股骨颈、前臂、股骨粗隆的BMD改变显著优于对照组(P0.05)。结论口服金天格胶囊可以通过改变骨代谢和抑制SCL表达而提高高血压合并骨质疏松患者的骨密度。     

强直性脊柱炎中医证型的优化及临床指标相关性研究

目的：探索以“寒热辨证为纲要”,用“主证+一个或多个兼证”概括强直性脊柱炎中医证型的可行性,并讨论中医证型与临床指标的联系。方法：随机收集符合纳入标准的强直性脊柱炎患者临床中医证候资料,对其进行中医证型分类,并评估患者中医证型与炎症指标、骨代谢指标、疾病活动度的相关性。结果：共收集121例患者,强直性脊柱炎主证分为肾虚督寒证、阴虚督亏证,兼证分为寒湿证、湿热证、痰瘀证。运用“寒热辨证为纲要”理论进行辨证可行率为94.21%。阴虚督亏证的红细胞沉降率（ESR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平均比肾虚督寒证高,差异有统计学意义（P <0.01）;兼证与主证之间,兼证的ESR、CRP水平均比主证高（P <0.01）。兼证中,湿热证ESR、CRP最高,其次痰瘀证,寒湿证最低（P <0.01）。骨代谢方面,随着25-羟维生素D水平减少、HLA-B27阳性、病程变长,骨密度减少越明显（P <0.05）。结论：以寒热辨证为纲要,用“主证+一个或多个兼证”概括强直性脊柱炎中医证型具有一定的可行性;且不同中医证型强直性脊柱炎患者的临床指标是有差异的。     

男女强直性脊柱炎骨密度对比分析

目的探讨男性和女性强直性脊柱炎(Ankylosing Spondylitis,AS)患者骨密度（Bone mineral density,BMD)及BMD与其 他临床指标的相关性。方法回顾性调查2006年3月至2014年12月中日友好医院中医风湿病科确诊为AS的患者,其中女 性168例,男性587例,年龄在20岁~45岁,双光能X线法检测腰椎、股骨颈、股骨粗隆的BMD,并与年龄、病程、疾病活动性 指标、影像学指标进行相关分析。结果①男性AS患者腰椎BMD较女性腰椎BMD显著减低（P < 0. 01);男性AS患者骨质 疏松（Osteoporosis,OP)及骨量减少（Osteopenia,OT)总发生率为"71. 04%,显著高于女性AS患者的42. 86% ( P < 0. 05),且在 腰椎、股骨颈、股骨粗隆部位的OP、OT发生率均显著高于女性AS患者(P <0. 01);②中年龄组(30 ~ 39岁）及高年龄组(40? 45岁）的AS患者中男性腰椎丽D较女性显著降低（P < 0. 01);高年龄组AS患者中男性股骨颈丽D较女性显著降低（P < 0. 01);病程5 ~ 10年及大于10年的AS患者中男性腰椎、股骨颈丽D较女性显著降低（P <0. 01、P <0. 01、P <0. 01、尸<05)③相关性分析显示男性与女性AS患者BMD与疾病活动指标ESR、CRP,体征、骶髂关节炎分级等有相关性,而男性AS 患者丽D与年龄、病程尚呈显著负相关(P <0. 05)。结论男女AS患者均有较高的OT、OP的发生率,且男性OT及OP的较 之女性更为显著,特别是腰椎BMD男性AS患者减低更为突出。此外年龄越大、病程越长的男性AS患者BMD减低程度越明 显。男性与女性AS患者丽D的下降均与疾病程度、病情的活动性、肢体活动功能、HLA427相关联。对于男性AS患者更需 要重视OT及OP的诊断与防治。     

葛根素对绝经后骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢、骨密度及骨生物力学的影响

目的研究葛根素对绝经后骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢、骨密度及骨生物力学的影响,探讨中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)的作用机制。方法48只大鼠随机分为正常组、去卵巢组、骨化三醇组和葛根素组,12只/组,构建绝经后骨质疏松大鼠动物模型并给予不同药物干预8周,正常组和去卵巢组:5 mL/kg 0.9%NaCl,ih,qd;葛根素组:葛根素35 mg/kg,ih,qd;骨化三醇组:骨化三醇0.25μg,po,qd,连续给药6周。检测各组大鼠血清骨代谢指标、骨组织(BMD、BMC)和骨生物力学指标,SP法检测各组骨组织ER表达,HE观察骨组织形态学变化。结果去卵巢组大鼠血清骨代谢指标、腰椎和股骨BMD和BMC、股骨骨生物力学指标较正常组显著降低(P<0.05),骨化三醇组和葛根素组上述指标较去卵巢组均显著增高(P<0.05),葛根素组上述指标较骨化三醇组均增高(P<0.05)。去卵巢组大鼠骨组织ER蛋白表达较正常组显著降低(P<0.05),骨化三醇组和葛根素组ER蛋白表达较去卵巢组均显著增高(P<0.05),葛根素组ER蛋白表达较骨化三醇组均增高(P<0.05)。去卵巢组骨皮质明显变薄,骨小梁稀疏纤细或断裂,排列紊乱,髓腔明显扩大,造血细胞明显减少。葛根素组骨皮质结构较完整,骨小梁数目增多,致密均匀粗壮,连接成网状,髓腔变小,造血细胞增多。结论葛根素通过提高绝经后骨质疏松大鼠雌激素水平,调节骨代谢,提高骨量和骨密度,改善骨生物力学性能和骨形态学结构,起到抗PMOP的疗效和骨保护作用。     

Two doses of sclerostin antibody in cynomolgus monkeys increases bone formation,bone mineral density,and bone strength

The development of bone‐rebuilding anabolic agents for treating bone‐related conditions has been a long‐standing goal. Genetic studies in humans and mice have shown that the secreted protein sclerostin is a key negative regulator of bone formation. More recently, administration of sclerostin‐neutralizing monoclonal antibodies in rodent studies has shown that pharmacologic inhibition of sclerostin results in increased bone formation, bone mass, and bone strength. To explore the effects of sclerostin inhibition in primates, we administered a humanized sclerostin‐neutralizing monoclonal antibody (Scl‐AbIV) to gonad‐intact female cynomolgus monkeys. Two once‐monthly subcutaneous injections of Scl‐AbIV were administered at three dose levels (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg), with study termination at 2 months. Scl‐AbIV treatment had clear anabolic effects, with marked dose‐dependent increases in bone formation on trabecular, periosteal, endocortical, and intracortical surfaces. Bone densitometry showed that the increases in bone formation with Scl‐AbIV treatment resulted in significant increases in bone mineral content (BMC) and/or bone mineral density (BMD) at several skeletal sites (ie, femoral neck, radial metaphysis, and tibial metaphysis). These increases, expressed as percent changes from baseline were 11 to 29 percentage points higher than those found in the vehicle‐treated group. Additionally, significant increases in trabecular thickness and bone strength were found at the lumbar vertebrae in the highest‐dose group. Taken together, the marked bone‐building effects achieved in this short‐term monkey study suggest that sclerostin inhibition represents a promising new therapeutic approach for medical conditions where increases in bone formation might be desirable, such as in fracture healing and osteoporosis. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research     

Effects of genistein on vertebral trabecular bone microstructure,bone mineral density,microcracks, osteocyte density,and bone strength in ovariectomized rats

Until now, the effects of phytoestrogen on bone in both women and ovarian hormone-deficient animal models of osteoporosis have remained uncertain. We have aimed here to investigate the effect of genistein (GEN) on trabecular bone quality in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty 7-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: OVX, sham-operated (SHAM), treated with 17beta-estradiol (EST, 10 microg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), and GEN (5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)). At 15 weeks postoperation, the compressive test was performed on the L5 vertebral body; additionally, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) assessment was performed to estimate the bone mineral density (BMD) and microstructure parameters of the L6 vertebral body. After fatigue damage testing, the L6 vertebral body was bulk-stained in 1% basic fuchsin and embedded in methylmethacrylate. The L4 vertebral body was embedded in methylmethacrylate for dynamic histomorphometry analysis without staining. Mounted bone slices were used to measure microcrack parameters, empty osteocyte lacuna density (e.Lc.Dn), and osteocyte density (Ot.N/T.Ar). Maximum loading (ML) and Ot.N/T.Ar were significantly lower in the OVX group than in the other groups. E.Lc.Dn was significantly decreased in GEN and EST groups compared to the OVX group. ML was significantly decreased in the GEN group compared to the SHAM group. Microcrack density, microcrack surface density, and microcrack length were significantly increased in the OVX group compared to the other groups. Mineral apposition rate was significantly decreased in the OVX group compared to the SHAM and GEN groups. Bone formation rate was significantly decreased in the OVX group compared to other groups. There were no significant differences with regard to mineralizing surface among the four groups. Volumetric BMD at organ was significantly lower in OVX, EST, and GEN groups than in the SHAM group. Bone mineral content was significantly lower in the OVX group than in the SHAM group. Bone volume fraction and trabecular number were significantly decreased in OVX, EST, and GEN groups compared to the SHAM group. Structure model index was significantly lower in the SHAM group than in OVX, EST, and GEN groups. Trabecular separation was significantly increased in the OVX group compared to SHAM and EST groups. There were no significant differences with regard to the trabecular thickness (Tb,Th) between SHAM, GEN, and OVX groups. Tb.Th was significantly lower in the EST group than in the SHAM group. Connectivity density (Conn.D) was significantly lower in the OVX group than in SHAM and GEN groups, and Conn. D was significantly lower in the EST group than in GEN. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that GEN preserved the biomechanical quality of the trabecular bone regardless of the microstructure and BMD.     

去卵巢对大鼠皮质骨微结构、骨密度及生物力学的影响

目的 应用显微CT和四点弯曲实验观察去卵巢对大鼠股骨皮质骨骨密度、微结构及生物力学性能的影响.方法 24只7月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为去卵巢(OVX)组和假手术(Sham)组,于手术后3周、15周各处死6只,显微CT扫描左侧股骨中段.右侧股骨行四点弯曲试验.结果 去卵巢3周至15周,OVX组股骨皮质骨内径周长、外径周长、皮质骨面积、骨髓腔面积、截面总面积骨密度、最大力、弹性模量、断裂强度与Sham组相比无明显差异(P＞0.05).OVX组15周弹性模量比3周低36％ (P ＜0.05).结论 去卵巢15周内大鼠股骨中段皮质骨微结构及其骨密度和股骨力学性能无明显变化,但去卵巢组股骨生物力学性能减退较快.     

黄芪多糖治疗对去卵巢诱导骨质疏松大鼠骨密度、骨量和骨代谢的影响

目的探索黄芪多糖对去卵巢大鼠骨量和骨代谢以及BMP-2/Smads信号通路的影响。方法30只雌性SD大鼠进行去卵巢手术或假手术。正常饲养12周后被分为黄芪多糖组(ASNT组)、对照组(CON组)和去卵巢组(OVX组),其中黄芪多糖组每天给予400 mg/kg黄芪多糖治疗。通过骨密度、骨代谢指标、Micro-CT以及WB检测评估ASNT对骨质疏松症大鼠骨量、骨代谢以及BMP-2/Smads信号通路的影响。结果经过12周治疗,ASNT组大鼠骨密度较OVX组显著增加(P<0.05);ASNT治疗12周可以降低血清ALP和OC水平,增加血钙含量,增加股骨骨密度。经过12周治疗,ASNT组大鼠骨体积分数(BV/TV)、表面积体积分数(BS/TV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁数目(Tb.N)较OVX组显著增加;而骨小梁间隙(Tb.Sp)较OVX组显著降低,差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。WB结果表明OVX大鼠骨组织的BMP-2/Smsds信号通路受到抑制;ASNT可以通过上调BMP-2、p-Smad1和p-Smad5的表达显著激活BMP-2/Smsds信号通路传导。结论研究表明ASNT对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和骨量具有保护作用,可能和激活BMP-2/Smads信号通路有关。     

Bone repair techniques, bone graft, and bone graft substitutes

This paper reviews the techniques and materials (bone graft and bone graft substitutes) that currently are used to treat nonunions and bone defects. The techniques reviewed are intramedullary nailing, plating, distraction osteogenesis, and electric stimulation. Bone graft and bone graft substitutes reviewed are as follows: vascularized bone transfers; autogenous bone graft; autogenous bone marrow; dimineralized bone matrix; growth factors; calcium sulphate; calcium phosphates; and allograft. The goal of management of fractures, nonunions, and segmental bony defects, is the return of function as quickly and completely as possible. Techniques and management strategies constantly are evolving to accomplish this goal. This paper reviews the history, indications, and limitations of bone repair techniques, methods of bone grafting, and materials available as bone graft substitutes.     

龟地散与钙剂对去放巢大鼠骨重,骨密度,骨强度的影响

使用补肾健骨中药龟地散对切除卵巢的雌性大鼠进行不同剂量的药物治疗,并与模型对照组和钙剂组进行比较。实验结果表明：龟地散显提高模型对照组大鼬有密度值（Ｐ〈０．０５）和骨矿含量（Ｐ〈０．０５）,从而抑制骨矿溶解和丢失。与模型对照组相比,龟地散明显增加骨质疏松大鼠的骨重（Ｐ〈０．０１）,并且对大鼠的骨长、骨直径、骨面积和体重也有一定的影响。龟地散还具有显提高大鼠骨强度（Ｐ〈０．０１）等方面的作用。单