Second-generation cementless total hip arthroplasty in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head

The results of cementless total hip arthroplasties in patients with osteonecrosis have been inferior to those in patients with other diagnoses. Fifty-eight primary total hip arthroplasties with insertion of a femoral stem with a circumferentially proximal porous coating and a cementless acetabular component were followed for a mean of 11.1 years. Fifty-seven (98%) of 58 stems were biologically stable, and one stem was loose. There were acetabular revisions in 18 hips (31%) because of polyethylene wear and osteolysis. One hip (1.7%) underwent revision of both acetabular and femoral components. Osteolysis around the acetabular component was seen on radiographs in 22 hips (37.9%). Femoral osteolysis was seen in 9 hips (15.5%), and there was no osteolysis below the lesser trochanter in any hip. Second-generation femoral prostheses provide excellent fixation in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, a high rate of polyethylene wear and osteolysis in these high-risk patients remains a challenging problem.     

Minimum 10-year results of a tapered cementless hip replacement.

Seventy-one total hip arthroplasties with a cementless, wedge fit, cobalt chrome femoral component were reviewed in 60 patients at a minimum 10-year followup (mean, 11.5 years). For the femoral component, the mechanical failure rate was 5% and the revision rate for aseptic loosening was 0%. The mean Charnley scores for pain, function, and motion changed from preoperative mean values of 3.0, 2.7, and 3.2 to followup mean values of 5.7, 5.5, and 5.2, respectively. The followup mean Harris hip Score was 91. The incidence of thigh pain was 1.4% at 10-year followup. Ninety-five percent of femoral components showed radiologic evidence of stable, bone ingrowth fixation, whereas loosening was seen in 5% of stems. Despite the high incidence of acetabular osteolysis, no osteolysis was seen on the femoral side distal to the lesser trochanter. Nonmodularity of the femoral component led to unavoidable revision of stably fixed femoral components in seven (9.8%) hips during the revision of a loose socket. Design features (collarless, tapered, wedge fit, and circumferentially porous coated) were thought to be crucial to the superlative results with the cobalt chrome femoral component.     

The use of cementless expansion acetabular component and an alumina-polyethylene bearing in total hip arthroplasty for osteonecrosis

We performed 114 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties with a cementless expansion acetabular component in 101 patients for advanced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The mean age of the patients at surgery was 51 years (36 to 62) and the mean length of follow-up was 110 months (84 to 129). The mean pre-operative Harris hip score of 47 points improved to 93 points at final follow-up. The polyethylene liner was exchanged in two hips during this period and one broken acetabular component was revised. The mean linear wear rate of polyethylene was 0.07 mm/year and peri-acetabular osteolysis was seen in two hips (1.9%). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the survival of the acetabular component without revision was 97.8% (95% confidence interval 0.956 to 1.000) at ten years. Our study has shown that the results of THA with a cementless expansion acetabular component and an alumina-polyethylene bearing surface are good.     

Results of porous-coated anatomic total hip arthroplasty without cement at fifteen years: a concise follow-up of a previous report

The purpose of this study was to update the results of a prospective series of primary cementless total hip arthroplasties after a minimum of fifteen years of follow-up. It is one of the first studies of cementless total hip arthroplasties followed for a minimum of fifteen years. One hundred consecutive Porous Coated Anatomic (PCA) total hip replacements were implanted between October 1983 and January 1986. Fifty-five patients (sixty-four hips) that were alive at a minimum of fifteen years postoperatively are the focus of the present study. At this time of follow-up, at an average of 15.6 years (range, fifteen to seventeen years) after the total hip arthroplasty, 17% (seventeen hips) of the entire cohort and 23% (fifteen hips) of the living cohort had undergone revision because of loosening of the acetabular component or osteolysis. Seven percent (seven hips) of the entire cohort and 6% (four hips) of the living cohort had undergone revision for loosening of the femoral component or osteolysis. Only four femoral stems had been revised for isolated loosening (without osteolysis). The PCA femoral component proved to be durable at a minimum of fifteen years postoperatively, while the acetabular component was less durable.     

Revision of a cemented acetabular component to a cementless acetabular component. A ten to fourteen-year follow-up study.

BACKGROUND: Although cementless acetabular components are routinely used in revision hip surgery, few investigators have evaluated the retention and efficacy of these components in the long term. In the current study, the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a series of arthroplasties performed by one surgeon with a cementless acetabular component were assessed at a minimum of ten years. METHODS: From 1986 through 1988, sixty-one consecutive revision total hip arthroplasties were performed in fifty-five patients because of aseptic failure of one or both components of a prosthesis in which both components had been cemented. Twenty-eight patients (thirty-two hips) were alive at a mean of 12.9 years (range, 11.5 to 14.3 years) after the operation. In all of the patients, the acetabular component was revised to a porous-coated Harris-Galante component inserted without cement, and the femoral component was revised to an Iowa component affixed with contemporary cementing techniques. The hips were evaluated clinically and radiographically at a minimum of ten years subsequent to the index revision. No hips were lost to follow-up. RESULTS: None of the acetabular components required revision because of aseptic loosening. Two hips (3%) demonstrated radiographic evidence of aseptic loosening of the acetabular component. The polyethylene liner was exchanged during the follow-up period in eight hips. CONCLUSION: After a minimum of ten years of follow-up, cementless acetabular fixation in revision hip arthroplasty had produced durable results that were markedly better than those reported for acetabular fixation with cement.     

Primary total hip arthroplasty with use of the modular S-ROM prosthesis. Four to seven-year clinical and radiographic results

BACKGROUND: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted to determine the clinical and radiographic results of primary total hip arthroplasty with insertion of the S-ROM modular femoral stem without cement in a series of patients who had been followed for four to seven years. Four centers participated in the study, with one contributing surgeon at each center. METHODS: Two hundred and eight consecutive patients who had a total hip arthroplasty with implantation of the S-ROM femoral prosthesis at one of the four centers during the study period were identified. Twenty-nine patients were lost to follow-up or had incomplete radiographic data, and twenty patients died from causes unrelated to the index arthroplasty. The remaining 159 patients formed the basis of this study. Sixteen of these patients had a bilateral procedure, resulting in 175 hips with complete clinical and radiographic data. The average age of the patients at the time of the index operation was fifty-nine years (range, twenty-two to ninety-three years). The duration of clinical follow-up averaged 5.3 years (range, four to 7.8 years), and the duration of radiographic follow-up averaged 4.9 years (range, four to 7.3 years). RESULTS: One patient (0.6 percent) had a failed femoral component, which was evidenced by progressive subsidence and lack of bone ingrowth. In addition, two patients (1 percent) had a revision of the acetabular component. The average Harris hip score increased from 35 points (range, 10 to 76 points) preoperatively to 91 points (range, 52 to 100 points) at the most recent follow-up examination. The radiographic evaluation revealed that 172 hips (98 percent) had stable bone ingrowth, two hips (1 percent) had stable fibrous ingrowth, and one hip (0.6 percent) had unstable fibrous ingrowth. Periprosthetic osteolytic lesions were noted in twelve hips (7 percent). The lesions were observed in the femur in eight hips, in the acetabulum in two hips, and in both the femur and the acetabulum in two hips. All femoral osteolytic lesions were localized within the greater trochanter or the proximal-medial portion of the femoral neck. No osteolytic lesions were evident distal to the stem-sleeve junction. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the modular S-ROM femoral prosthesis yielded excellent intermediate-term outcomes with respect to standard radiographic and clinical criteria. The issue regarding the theoretical increase in the rate of osteolysis due to metal debris generated at the modular femoral stem-sleeve junction was specifically addressed. We found that the rate of osteolysis in this series was not notably higher than that in other series reported in the orthopaedic literature. Although many possible factors may influence the rate of osteolysis in total hip arthroplasty, this finding suggests that the potential increase in osteolysis theoretically associated with this modular femoral implant was not observed at intermediate-term follow-up. Although longer follow-up is warranted so that the potential for osteolysis can be evaluated fully, no osteolytic lesions were evident distal to the stem-sleeve interface at the time of intermediate-term follow-up. This finding suggests that there is a circumferential seal at the modular junction of the stem that prevents the distal egress of wear debris.     

Cementless acetabular fixation in patients 50 years and younger at 10 to 18 years of follow-up

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the 10- to 18-year follow-up of cementless acetabular fixation in patients 50 years and younger. We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive group of 118 patients (144 hips) in whom primary total hip arthroplasty had been performed by 2 surgeons using a cementless acetabular component. Two (1.4%) cementless acetabular components were revised because of aseptic loosening. Twenty-four hips (16.7%) were revised for any mechanical failure of the acetabular component mostly related to acetabular liner wear and osteolysis. The average linear wear rate was 0.19 mm per year, which was higher than our previous reports with cemented acetabular fixation. The fiber mesh ingrowth surface of the cementless acetabular component in this study was superior to cemented acetabular components in terms of fixation. However, the high rates of wear and osteolysis have led to poor overall acetabular component construct survivorship.     

Total hip arthroplasty in patients with high dislocation: a concise follow-up, at a minimum of fifteen years, of previous reports

We report the updated results at a minimum of fifteen years after eighty-four consecutive total hip arthroplasties performed in sixty-seven female patients with high dislocation of the hip. Sixty-four arthroplasties were performed in forty-nine patients, between 1976 and 1994, with Charnley low-friction acetabular and femoral components inserted with cement; nineteen arthroplasties were performed in seventeen patients, between 1990 and 1994, with the hybrid technique (acetabular component inserted without cement and femoral component inserted with cement); and one arthroplasty was done in 1991, with cementless acetabular and femoral components. All patients were followed prospectively on the basis of clinical assessment according to the Merle D'Aubigné and Postel scoring system, as modified by Charnley, and with radiographic analysis. At the time of the latest follow-up, twenty-six hips (41%) in the low-friction arthroplasty series, ten hips (53%) in the hybrid series, and the one hip with the cementless components had been revised for various reasons. The primary reason for revision in the low-friction arthroplasty group was aseptic loosening of the components (twenty-four hips), whereas the predominant reason for the revisions in the hybrid series and in the hip with cementless components was progressive polyethylene liner wear (six hips). After the minimal follow-up of fifteen years, twenty-five low-friction hip replacements and eight hybrid-type hip replacements had remained intact for an average of twenty-one years (range, seventeen to thirty-two years) and sixteen years (range, fifteen to nineteen years), respectively. These findings may be used in comparisons of results with newer techniques and designs.     

The influence of technique on fixation of primary total hip arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

This is a prospective, consecutive study of 98 total hip arthroplasties implanted by 1 surgeon in 66 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The mean follow-up time was 7.4 years (range, 2-13 years). All 98 acetabular components were uncemented titanium fiber metal-coated components fixed with multiple screws. Sixty-five hips had bulk or cancellous allograft for protrusio acetabuli. Following a prospective protocol based on patient age, 51 hips had an uncemented femoral component, and 47 hips had a cemented femoral component. Using the Harris Hip Score, 30 hips were rated as excellent; 44, good; 15, fair; and 9, poor. There were no early deep infections. One hybrid hip was removed for late metastatic infection at 7 years. Radiographic evaluation of 98 acetabular components showed 1 case of septic loosening, 2 cases of aseptic loosening (1 patient asymptomatic), and 1 case with severe wear and ischial osteolysis. None of the 47 cemented femoral components subsided, and osteolysis was seen in only 3 femora (7%). Of the 51 uncemented femoral components, subsidence occurred in 7 hips (14%), and osteolysis occurred in 15 hips (30%). Uncemented acetabular components have a high rate of success in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have a total hip arthroplasty. There is a high rate of subsidence and osteolysis, however, with first-generation cementless femoral components.     

Modular cementless total hip arthroplasty for multiple epiphyseal dysplasia

We analyzed a consecutive series of 23 total hip arthroplasties that had been performed using modular cementless prostheses in 13 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia and end-stage osteoarthritis of the hip. The average Harris hip score improved from 40.6 to 93.8 points. Postoperatively, all hips demonstrated favorable alterations in the biomechanical parameters including hip center of rotation, femoral offset, femoral neck length, and limb length. At a mean follow-up of 4.8 years, no hip required revision because of aseptic loosening of the acetabular or femoral component. One patient (1 hip, 4.3%) underwent reoperation for polyethylene wear and osteolysis 8 years after index arthroplasty. This study shows encouraging clinical and radiographic outcomes of modular cementless total hip arthroplasties for this technically difficult condition.     

Contemporary total hip arthroplasty with and without cement in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a concise follow-up, at an average of seventeen years, of a previous report

We previously evaluated ninety-eight consecutive patients (148 hips) at mean of 9.3 years after total hip arthroplasty; the mean age at the time of the index surgical procedure was 47.3 years. Fifty patients (100 hips) had simultaneous bilateral arthroplasty with a cemented stem in one hip and a cementless stem in the contralateral hip. Forty-eight patients (forty-eight hips) had unilateral hip arthroplasty with a cementless stem. All patients had a cementless acetabular component. In our first report, we found no difference in clinical results, as measured with the Harris hip score and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), between the cementless and cemented stems. One hip (2%) in the hybrid group (a cementless cup and a cemented stem) had revision because of infection and two hips (2%) in the fully cementless group had revision of the femoral component because of a periprosthetic fracture. Between the time of follow-up in that study (at a mean of 9.3 years) and the time of follow-up in the present study (at a mean of 17.3 years), twenty-two revisions of acetabular components were performed, with eight in the hybrid group and fourteen in the fully cementless group. There was no difference in clinical results, as measured with the Harris hip score and the WOMAC, between the hybrid and fully cementless groups. At the time of the present review, forty (83%) of forty-eight acetabular components in the hybrid group and eighty (85%) of ninety-four acetabular components in the fully cementless group were intact. Most of the femoral components (98%) in both groups were intact. Wear and periacetabular osteolysis were the causes of failure in the hips requiring revision.     

Omnifit cementless total hip arthroplasty. A 10-year average followup.

Seventy-six hips in 67 patients were evaluated an average of 119 months (range, 61-150 months) after total hip arthroplasty with porous coated Omnifit femoral and acetabular components. The patients were young (average age, 45 years), and most were male (67%). Two stems and one cup were revised for aseptic loosening, for aseptic revision rates of 2.6% on the femoral side and 1.3% on the acetabular side. Thigh pain was present in three cases, one of which was activity limiting. Twenty-five (35.7%) hips had evidence of osteolysis confined to proximal Gruen Zone 1 or 7 or to the acetabulum (22 proximal femoral, three both). There were no cases of intramedullary osteolysis in surviving stems. Thirteen (17.1%) hips have undergone reoperation for bone grafting of progressive proximal osteolysis without component revision, at an average 93 months after the total hip arthroplasty. At an average 40 months after reoperation, all stems remain well fixed, and there has been no recurrence of osteolysis of grafted femoral lesions. These results suggest that a circumferentially proximally porous coated femoral component in cementless total hip arthroplasty can provide stable fixation for as long as 12 years after implantation and caseal the canal from distal osteolysis. Serious concerns remain about the incidence of proximal femoral osteolysis.     

Acetabular revision after failed total hip arthroplasty in patients with congenital hip dislocation and dysplasia. Results after a mean of 8.6 years

BACKGROUND: Revision of a total hip arthroplasty in a patient who has had congenital hip dysplasia or dislocation is often more difficult than a standard revision operation. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and complications of use of a cementless hemispherical acetabular component for revision of an acetabular component of a failed total hip replacement in patients whose initial problem was arthritis secondary to congenital dislocation or dysplasia. The mean duration of follow-up was approximately eight years. METHODS: We reviewed a consecutive series of sixty-one hips in fifty-three patients who underwent a cementless acetabular revision with use of a hemispherical acetabular component, with or without concurrent femoral revision. Data were collected prospectively. The mean age of the patients at the time of the index operation was fifty-six years. A mean of 1.9 ipsilateral hip operations had been performed previously. Thirty-nine hips (64 percent) had a so-called high hip center prior to the index revision. With one exception, the uncemented acetabular component was fixed with screws. Fifty-one acetabular components were placed with so-called line-to-line fit, and ten were oversized by one to three millimeters. In thirty-eight hips, the femoral component was revised as well. Twenty-nine femora were reconstructed with use of a cemented device, and nine were revised with an uncemented patch-porous-coated femoral stem (a stem on which the porous coating appears in patches). RESULTS: Four patients (five hips) died prior to the five-year minimum follow-up interval. With the exception of one hip treated with resection arthroplasty because of deep infection, none of the hips in these deceased patients had been revised or had a loose component. One living patient (one hip) had a resection arthroplasty, and one additional patient (two hips) had both stable acetabular components rerevised at the time of femoral rerevision at another institution because of loosening and osteolysis. One patient refused to return for follow-up, but the components had not been revised. The remaining fifty-two hips in forty-six patients were followed for a mean of 8.6 years (range, 5.0 to 12.7 years). The mean Harris hip score was 80 points (range, 56 to 100 points) at the time of the latest follow-up. No acetabular component had been revised, although two had migrated. No other acetabular component was loose according to our radiographic criteria. Thus, the mechanical failure rate on the acetabular side was 3 percent (two of sixty-one) for the entire series and 4 percent (two of fifty-two) for the patients who had been followed for a mean of 8.6 years. On the femoral side, the mechanical failure rate was 3 percent (one of twenty-nine) for the cemented stems and six of nine for the uncemented patch-porous-coated stems. CONCLUSIONS: Of the approaches used in this difficult series of patients requiring revision, the hybrid arthroplasty (a cementless acetabular component and a cemented femoral component) yielded overall good results after an intermediate duration of follow-up.     

Fate of cementless acetabular components retained during revision total hip arthroplasty

BACKGROUND: Removal of a well-fixed cementless acetabular component can result in increased operative time and postoperative morbidity. The objectives of this retrospective study were to determine whether retention of a well-fixed acetabular component at the time of isolated femoral revision was compatible with long-term socket survival. METHODS: The records of eighty-three consecutive patients (ninety hips) in whom a well-fixed cementless socket had been retained during revision of a femoral component were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 48.7 years at the time of the primary arthroplasty and 54.1 years at the time of femoral revision. The radiographic analysis was based on anteroposterior radiographs and was performed by a single independent reviewer. The intraoperative criterion for stability of the socket was the absence of movement at the bone-implant interface during the application of direct pressure to the edges of the socket in four quadrants with use of a metallic pusher. RESULTS: At the time of the isolated femoral revision, no socket demonstrated a radiolucent line measuring >1 mm in any two zones and forty of the ninety hips had periacetabular osteolysis. The mean size of the osteolytic lesions was 5.71 cm(2) (range, 0.4 to 24.2 cm(2)), and twenty-eight of the forty hips underwent bone-grafting. The mean duration of follow-up was 9.7 years after the isolated femoral revision and 14.9 years after the primary arthroplasty. Five acetabular sockets were revised at a mean of 6.8 years after the femoral revision. Only one of these sockets had failed because of aseptic loosening. With revision of the acetabular component for any reason as the end point, the survival rate was 98.7% at five years and 93.5% at ten years after the femoral revision and 100% at ten years and 93.9% at fifteen years after the primary arthroplasty. No hip showed recurrence or expansion of periacetabular osteolysis. The prevalence of dislocation was 16% (fourteen of ninety). CONCLUSIONS: Revision of a stable, cementless acetabular component solely on the basis of its duration in vivo or the presence of periacetabular osteolysis does not appear to be warranted. Retention of the socket with grafting of larger periacetabular osteolytic lesions appears to be consistent with satisfactory socket longevity.     

Precoated femoral component in total hip arthroplasty. Results of 5- to 9-year followup.

One hundred nineteen consecutive primary hybrid total hip arthroplasties with a precoated femoral component were performed by one surgeon in 100 patients and followed up prospectively. Ninety-eight hips in 82 patients (mean age, 67 years) were evaluated clinically and radiographically at a mean of 6.5 years (range, 5-9 years). The hips were evaluated clinically using the Harris hip score, and radiographs were evaluated for femoral cement grade, loosening, and osteolysis. Ninety-five hips remained in place at the most recent followup. Two femoral components were revised for definite loosening, and one well fixed femoral component was removed because of late hematogenous infection. Excluding the three hips that were revised, the clinical result was excellent or good in 79 hips (83%), fair in 12 hips (13%), and poor in four hips (4%). All other femoral components were well fixed. There were defects of the cement mantles (C1 and C2) in 90 hips. No femoral component had a stem and cement radiolucent line. Focal femoral osteolysis was seen in only two hips. One acetabular component was removed at 5 years because of late hematogenous infection. One acetabular component had asymptomatic migration. The remaining 96 acetabular components were well fixed. Focal acetabular osteolysis was present in four hips. The mean linear polyethylene wear rate was 0.06 (+/- 0.05) mm per year. In contrast to other reports of early failure and osteolysis, the use of a precoated femoral component in this study did not adversely affect the fixation of hybrid total hip arthroplasty, with definite failure of only 2% (two of 98) of the femoral components.     

Alumina-on-alumina total hip arthroplasty: a minimum 18.5-year follow-up study.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this retrospective study was to report the results, after a minimum of 18.5 years of follow-up, in a consecutive series of total hip arthroplasties performed with an alumina-on-alumina combination. METHODS: One hundred and eighteen consecutive total hip arthroplasties were performed in 106 patients between 1979 and 1980. The prostheses combined a 32-mm alumina head and an all-alumina socket. Both components were cemented in eighty-five hips, both components were implanted without cement in twenty-nine, and only the stem was cemented in four. The mean age of the patients at the time of the index arthroplasty was 62.2 years (range, thirty-two to eighty-nine years). RESULTS: At the 18.5 to 20.5-year follow-up evaluation, forty-five patients (fifty-one hips) were alive and had not had a revision, twenty-five patients (twenty-five hips) had undergone revision of one or both components, twenty-seven patients (thirty hips) had died, and nine patients (twelve hips) had been lost to follow-up. The mean Merle d'Aubigné hip score (and standard deviation) was 16.2 +/- 1.8 points at the latest follow-up evaluation. The rate of survival at twenty years, with revision for any reason as the end-point, was 85.6% for the cementless cups compared with 61.2% for the cemented cups and 84.9% for the cementless stems compared with 87.3% for the cemented stems. Wear of the prosthetic components was undetectable on plain radiographs. Periprosthetic cystic or scalloped lesions requiring the use of allograft bone during revision were present in three of the twenty-five revised hips. In addition, seven hips had moderate acetabular osteolysis treated with a 4-mm-larger cup. No fracture of the alumina socket or head was recorded. The mean acetabular wear rate in this series was <0.025 mm/yr. CONCLUSION: With the alumina-on-alumina total hip arthroplasty, minimal wear rates and limited osteolysis can be expected up to twenty years after the operation, provided that sound acetabular component fixation is obtained.     

Hybrid total hip arthroplasty with a precoated offset stem. Four to nine-year results

BACKGROUND: Use of modern cementing techniques for fixation of femoral components in total hip arthroplasty has had excellent clinical and radiographic results in most patients. However, several authors have described early loosening of femoral components with roughened and precoated finishes. The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the precoated Iowa stem, which has increased offset, and to compare the results with those of another cemented precoated femoral component with standard offset used at our institution. METHODS: We carried out a prospective analysis of 102 primary hybrid total hip arthroplasties (a cementless acetabular component and a cemented femoral component) performed with use of the Iowa femoral component in ninety-five patients at our institution. The Iowa stem was used in hips that required greater offset than is available with standard stems as determined by preoperative templating. The average age of the patients at the time of the index procedure was sixty-nine years. Sixteen patients (seventeen hips) died before the forty-eight-month minimum follow-up period had elapsed. Two patients were lost to follow-up, and radiographic follow-up was incomplete for one. The mean duration of clinical and radiographic follow-up of the remaining eighty-two hips in the seventy-six surviving patients was sixty-five months (range, forty-eight to 104 months). RESULTS: The average preoperative Harris hip score of 47 points (range, 16 to 69 points) improved to an average of 87 points (range, 24 to 100 points) at the time of the review. Two hips underwent femoral component revision. Four femoral stems were radiographically loose at an average of thirty-four months. Femoral osteolysis was seen in five hips (6 percent) at an average of fifty-four months postoperatively. No acetabular component was revised because of aseptic loosening. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the seven-year survival rate, with an end point of femoral revision, osteolysis, or stem debonding, was 90.6 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 0.87 to 0.94). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of revision, osteolysis, and loosening after total hip arthroplasty with the Iowa femoral component at our institution was higher than that seen in our series of Harris Precoat stems, which had a survival rate of 98.4 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 0.97 to 1.00) at ten years with the same end points. The design of the Iowa stem may make it difficult to achieve a good cement mantle, and, in combination with the geometry and increased offset of the stem, may compromise the long-term survival of this cemented femoral component.     

Outcome of primary total hip arthroplasty in Charnley Class C patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case series

The outcome and complications of 37 primary total hip arthroplasties by one surgeon in 24 patients with Charnley Class C juvenile idiopathic arthritis with up to 19.6 years follow-up are reported. Twenty-six femoral components were cementless; all acetabular components were cementless with screws. Age at operation averaged 22.6 years. Two patients (3 hips) have died. Twelve hips in 9 patients have failed. Six cementless acetabular components with conventional polyethylene were revised because of osteolysis after 5.5 to 14.5 years. All 3 cementless C2 femoral stems with minimal porous coating failed. One of eight cemented AML Bantam stems loosened at 3.5 years; 2 of 23 cementless AML Bantam stems loosened at 9.5 and 19.6 years. Pain relief and functional improvement are dramatic after total hip arthroplasty in juvenile idiopathic arthritis; however, the long-term outcome is guarded.     

Total hip arthroplasty with a cemented, polished, collared femoral stem and a cementless acetabular component. A follow-up study at a minimum of ten years

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have suggested that cemented femoral components with a polished surface may provide superior long-term fixation when compared with femoral components with a roughened surface. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of total hip arthroplasty with a cemented femoral component with a polished surface finish and compare them with the results of total hip arthroplasty performed with a similar design of cemented femoral component with a rougher surface finish. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive group of 132 patients (149 hips) in whom primary total hip arthroplasty had been performed by one surgeon using a cemented collared femoral component with a polished (0.1-microm Ra) surface finish and a cementless acetabular component. Ninety-eight patients (115 hips) were followed for a minimum of ten years. We compared the survivorship of this prosthesis with that of a femoral component of similar design but with rougher surfaces (matte or grit-blasted). RESULTS: No polished stems were revised because of aseptic loosening or demonstrated radiographic evidence of loosening; however, eight hips (5.4%) with a polished stem demonstrated osteolysis distal to the greater or lesser tro-chanter. In contrast, six stems (2.0%) with a matte surface finish of 0.8-microm Ra were revised because of aseptic loosening, and an additional five stems were seen to be loose radiographically. Eleven stems (9.2%) with a grit-blasted surface finish of 2.1-microm Ra were revised because of aseptic loosening, and an additional four stems were seen to be loose radiographically. The difference in the prevalence of revision due to aseptic loosening between the group with the 0.1-microm Ra surface and the group with the 2.1-microm Ra surface was significant (p = 0.001), as was the difference between the prevalence of revision due to aseptic loosening between the group with the 0.8-microm Ra surface and the group with the 2.1-microm Ra surface (p = 0.001). No cups were revised because of aseptic loosening, and one hip had radiographic signs of acetabular loosening. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated excellent durability of a prosthesis consisting of a cemented, collared, polished femoral component and a cementless acetabular component. While no hips were revised because of aseptic loosening, distal femoral osteolysis was observed in eight hips (5.4%), a higher prevalence than has been reported by others after similar durations of follow-up of tapered, collarless, polished femoral components.     

A second-generation cementless total hip arthroplasty mean 9-year results

Two hundred fifty-eight primary total hip arthroplasties in 231 patients were implanted using a circumferentially, proximally porous-coated, collared femoral component and a cementless, hemispherical, porous-coated acetabular component and followed up for a mean of 9 years (5-14 years). Four femoral components were revised (2 stems for infection and 2 stems for aseptic loosening). One additional femoral component was radiographically loose at last follow-up. Nine hips underwent acetabular revision (4 for instability, 2 for infection, 2 for loosening, and 1 for osteolysis). Ten-year survivorship with revision or loosening of any component as the end point was 92%; with femoral component aseptic loosening as end point, survivorship was 98%; with acetabular aseptic loosening as the end point, survivorship was 99%. Osteolysis was identified in 26 hips (13%).