上颌窦提升植骨在上颌后牙区种植术的临床应用

目的评价上颌窦提升、植入上颌结节自体骨加Bio-Oss骨粉在上颌后牙种植的方法和效果。方法对5例上颌后牙区垂直骨量不足患者行6侧上颌窦提升,植入上颌结节自体骨加Bio-Oss骨粉,同期种植体植入。结果6个月后X线片显示植骨区改建成新骨,种植体无松动脱落,与周围组织形成良好的骨性结合。结论上颌结节自体骨加Bio-Oss骨粉植入,提升上颌窦拓展了种植的应用范围。     

Bio-Oss骨粉在上颌窦提升牙种植术中的临床应用

目的：评价上颌窦提升，植Bio-Oss骨粉在上颌后牙种植的方法和效果。方法：对11例牙槽骨高度不足的上颌后牙种植进行上颌窦提升，植Bio-Oss骨粉，同期种植7例，延期种植4例。结果：6个月后，X线片显示Bio-Oss骨粉改建形成了新骨，增加了牙槽骨高度，满足了种植要求，7例同期种植可见种植体与Bio-Oss诱导的新骨形成紧密的骨性结合，种植体植入9个月后进行二期修复。结论：Bio-Oss骨粉植入提升上颌窦增加了上颌后牙区的牙槽骨高度，拓展了种植的适应证，免疫除了自体取骨手术，方法简单，值得临床推广。     

同种异体冻干骨颗粒在上颌窦提升牙种植术中的临床应用

目的：探讨同种异体冻干骨颗粒在上颌窦提升延期或同期种植中的效果。方法：18例上颌牙列缺损,上颌窦底骨量不足,需要行上颌窦底提升植骨的临床病例,其中,5例上颌窦底高度小于5 mm,采用上颌窦开放式提升植骨术,术后9～12月进行延期种植体植入术,6个月后进行冠修复负重;3例介于5～8 mm,上颌窦开放式提升后植骨,同期植入种植体,9个月后行冠修复负重;10例高度在8～12 mm的病例采用上颌窦闭合式提升术（冲顶术）植入冻干骨颗粒,同期植入种植体,6个月后冠修复负重;所有病例均没有即刻负重。结果：所有病例在安装上部结构时骨质有轻微吸收,但种植体牢固,安装上部结构顺利。冠修复后观察最长32个月,患者能按时复查,没有种植体松动,脱落情况发生,效果较好。结论：使用同种异体冻干骨作为上颌窦底提升牙种植的植骨材料同样适用,效果好。     

开放式上颌窦底提升术在上颌后牙种植中的临床应用

目的：观察开放式上颌窦提升术同期植入种植体在上颌后牙缺失种植中的临床应用。方法：采用开放式上颌窦提升术同期植入种植体治疗上颌后牙缺失患者。术后12个月、24个月、36个月随访观察种植体有无松动,复查颌骨全景片观察种植体周围骨吸收情况,结果：经12～36个月,平均24个月临床随访观察,临床效果良好。结论：开放性上颌窦提升术同期植入种植体临床效果良好。     

上颌窦提升术在种植修复中的应用及疗效

目的:探讨上颌窦提升术在上颌磨牙缺失种植修复术中应用及疗效情况.方法:对上颌磨牙后区牙槽骨严重吸收导致骨量不足15例患者运用上颌窦提升术,人工骨植入术并同期植入BEGO两段式种植体17颗,其中闭合式上颌窦提升术12例.植入种植体13颗,开放颌窦提升术3例,植入种植体4颗.全部病例术后一周和1,3,6个月拍摄下颌骨全景位片检查种植体稳定性及人工骨与种植体愈合情况.结果:17颗种植体无一颗感染及松动,无上颌窦炎症,术后6个月X线示人工骨粉均已改建成新骨,种植体周围无阴影.结论:上颌窦提升术及同期种植体植入术方法可靠,具有良好疗效,可显著扩大牙种植体植入术适应症     

Bio-Oss骨粉在上颌窦内提升同期牙种植术中的应用

目的：评价上颌窦内提升,Bio-Oss骨粉植入同期牙种植术修复单个上磨牙缺失的方法和效果.方法：对10例上颌第一磨牙缺失剩余牙槽嵴高度不足患者行上颌窦内提升,Bio-Oss骨粉植入同期牙种植术.随诊观察1年.结果：6个月后,x线片显示植入Bio-Oss骨粉均已改建形成新骨,种植体与Bio-Oss骨粉改建形成的新骨形成紧密的骨性结合.种植体植入6个月后行上端修复,修复后随诊1年均达到种植成功标准.结论：上颌窦内提升Bio-Oss骨粉植入同期牙种植术修复单个上后磨牙缺失,操作简单,效果肯定,值得临床推广.     

无机骨材料对上颌窦提升术后骨再生的影响

目的：研究兔上颌窦提升术后扩增区域内新生骨的改建过程和破骨细胞的分布情况,探讨无机骨颗粒对上颌窦提升术后骨再生的影响。方法：对8只日本大耳白兔施行上颌窦提升术。实验组扩增区植入无机骨颗粒,对照组仅使血凝块充满扩增区,不填充移植材料。结果：术后4周,对照组扩增区近窦黏膜处的新生骨表面可见大量破骨细胞。组织形态测量学分析表明,术后4周至8周实验组窦底提升高度显著大于对照组;术后8周时实验组新生骨面积较对照组明显增加。结论：上颌窦内存在的空气压力可导致上颌窦提升术后新生骨发生吸收。在上颌窦提升术中使用无机骨填充材料可抵抗上颌窦内的空气压力,并具有良好的骨重建效果。     

无机骨材料对上颌窦提升术后骨再生的影响

目的：研究兔上颌窦提升术后扩增区域内新生骨的改建过程和破骨细胞的分布情况,探讨无机骨颗粒对上颌窦提升术后骨再生的影响。方法：对8只日本大耳白兔施行上颌窦提升术。实验组扩增区植入无机骨颗粒,对照组仅使血凝块充满扩增区,不填充移植材料。结果：术后4周,对照组扩增区近窦黏膜处的新生骨表面可见大量破骨细胞。组织形态测量学分析表明,术后4周至8周实验组窦底提升高度显著大于对照组;术后8周时实验组新生骨面积较对照组明显增加。结论：上颌窦内存在的空气压力可导致上颌窦提升术后新生骨发生吸收。在上颌窦提升术中使用无机骨填充材料可抵抗上颌窦内的空气压力,并具有良好的骨重建效果。     

冲顶式上颌窦提升的临床评价及相关问题探讨

目的:评价经牙槽嵴顶入路行冲顶式上颌窦提升同期植入牙种植体的临床疗效及相关影响因素.方法:25例上颌后牙缺失的患者接受冲顶式上颌窦提升术同期植骨并植入牙种植体,共植入种植体51颗,采用自体骨和人工骨的混合骨粉作为植骨材料,术后随访1-3年.结果:原牙槽嵴高度为4-8.9mm,术后提升上颌窦底高度2～6mm,平均提升高度3.98mm.种植体长度在8-13mm之间,平均11.5mm.有一例术后24 h有轻微鼻腔出血,所有病例均未发生上颌窦穿孔.三颗种植体在二期修复前松动,拔除后有两颗重新植入获得良好的骨整合效果.所有病例均在术后6-18个月行固定义齿修复,在随访期内未发现种植体或上部结构松动.结论:冲顶式上颌窦底提升同期牙种植体植入术较开窗式上颌窦提升创伤小,操作步骤简单,避免了二次手术,节约了患者的时间和费用,可以广泛应用于垂直骨量相对不足的上颌后牙区.     

闭合式上颌窦提升术同期种植体植入临床报告

目的：采用闭合式上颌窦提升术进行上颌窦底提升及同期种植体植入。方法：对76例患者共127枚种植体应用骨挤压技术经牙槽嵴顶入路行闭合式上颌窦提升术及同期种植体植入术。结果：全部患者均在术后6个月完成义齿修复。随访时间8个月～2年，平均14个月，未发现有鼻腔出血或上颌窦炎症；义齿修复后种植体无松动及脱落。X线片检查种植区窦底高度较术前提升约4mm，种植体周围无阴影，形成良好的骨结合。结论：闭合式上颌窦底提升术较传统的开放式上颌窦提升术简化了手术步骤，缩短了手术时间，减轻了患者术后反应，是一种简单有效的窦底提升技术，值得临床推广应用。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节特征的锥形束CT研究

目的:采用锥形束CT(CBCT)研究替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节的影像学特征,探讨Ⅲ类功能状态下,颞下颌关节的生长、改建机制。方法:从就诊于昆明医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科的患者中选取符合纳入标准的替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者及骨性Ⅰ类错牙合患者各20名,使用NNT viewer 5.3图像处理软件进行三维重建及线距和角度的测量,并进行统计学分析。结果:替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者组和替牙期骨性Ⅰ类错牙合患者组对比结果为:矢状面双侧关节前间隙偏小、双侧关节上间隙偏小、双侧关节结节斜度偏小;冠状面双侧关节内间隙偏小,双侧关节上间隙偏小,双侧关节外间隙偏小,右侧髁状突角度偏小;横截面右侧髁状突前后径偏小。结论:替牙期骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节发育不充分,呈现髁状突,关节窝深度,关节结节斜度;冠状面关节内、外间隙均较小的特征。骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者髁状突在关节窝中处于前置近关节窝顶位置。骨性Ⅲ类错牙合患者颞下颌关节影像学特征与其功能状态相适应。