束支传导阻滞对急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者预后的影响

目的探讨束支传导阻滞对急性心肌梗死（AMI）急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PC I）术后患者心功能、恶性心律失常发生率、病死率的影响。方法将AMI并行PCI术的患者分为AM I合并左束支传导阻滞组、AMI合并右束支传导阻滞组、单纯AMI组,术后3个月观察各组心功能、恶性心律失常发生率、病死率。结果与单纯AMI组比较,AMI合并束支传导阻滞组心功能障碍、恶性心律失常发生率、病死率明显升高（P均〈0.05）。AMI合并左束支传导阻滞组心功能障碍、恶性心律失常发生率及病死率较AM I合并右束支传导阻滞组明显升高（P均〈0.05）。结论 AMI患者PCI术后伴发左束支传导阻滞提示临床病情凶险,预后不良,可作为病情恶化的一个预测指标。     

急性心肌梗死伴右束支传导阻滞的临床意义

目的　评价急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者伴发右束支传导阻滞 (RBBB)的临床意义及预后。方法　将我院 5年来收治的AM重患者共 2 4 0例分为AM重伴RBBB组和不伴RBBB组。根据RBBB发生的时间、持续间期以及是否合并左束支分支阻滞将前者分为新发生RBBB、陈旧性RBBB、持续性RBBB、短暂性RBBB、双束支阻滞和单纯性RBBB 6个亚组 ,观察各组的临床经过和住院病死率。结果　AMI伴发RBBB 2 6例 ,占 10 8% ,与不伴RBBB比较 ,其CK峰值、恶性室性心律失常发生率、心功能不全发生率、住院病死率均显著增高 (P <0 0 1)。RBBB组高发的心功能不全发生率和住院病死率并非源自陈旧性RBBB和单纯性RBBB ,而是来源于新发生RBBB和双束支阻滞。新发生的持续性RBBB住院病死率最高 ,为 5 0 % ,短暂性RBBB为 11 1% ,而持续性RBBB的再灌注治疗率较短暂性RBBB明显降低 ( 2 5 %vs88 9% ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　AMI患者伴发RBBB提示预后不良。再灌注治疗可改善预后。     

急性心肌梗死并发右束支传导阻滞的预后

目的　了解伴随急性心肌梗死出现的完全性右束支传导阻滞的临床特点和预后意义。方法　观察有新出现持续性完全性右束支传导阻滞的急性心肌梗死患者 2 0例 (观察组 ) ,同期收治的无右束支传导阻滞的急性心肌梗死患者 184例 (对照组 )的CK峰值、Killip分级、严重心律失常发生率、LVEF和住院病死率等情况。结果　观察组CK峰值15 30± 10 6 9U/L及CK -MB峰值 2 39± 16 5U/L明显高于对照组 95 6± 713U/L及 117 1± 6 0 6U/L ,P <0 0 1。观察组Killip平均级别 (2 5 5± 0 95 )明显高于对照组 (1 71± 0 82 ) ,P <0 0 1。观察组室性恶性心律失常发生率 2 0 % ,明显高于对照组3 8%P均 <0 0 1。观察组的住院病死率 30 %显著高于对照组 7 1% ,P <0 0 1。结论　急性心肌梗死出现持续性完全性右束支传导阻滞提示临床病情危险 ,预后不良     

早期PCI对急性心肌梗塞并发完全性右束支传导阻滞患者预后的影响

目的：探讨早期PCI对急性心肌梗塞（AMI）并发完全性右束支传导阻滞（CRBBB）患者预后的影响。方法：回顾分析AMI并发CRBBB患者36例的临床资料,分为两组,早期行PCI的12例为观察组,未行PCI的24例为对照组,对两组患者的左室射血分数（LVEF）、心功能Killip分级、严重恶性心律失常发生率及住院病死率等临床资料进行对比性分析,并做统计学处理。结果：观察组的心功能Killip分级[（1．7±0．5）级：（2．6±0．5）级]、严重恶性心律失常发生率（8．3％：20．8％）及住院病死率（8．3％：33．3％）均显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）,观察组的LVEF[（56．3±7．1）％：（32．6±4．7）％]显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论：早期PCI可以改善急性心肌梗塞并发完全性右束支传导阻滞患者的预后。     

急性心肌梗死合并新发生完全性右束支传导阻滞的临床意义

目的了解伴随急性心肌梗死出现的完全性右束支传导阻滞的临床特点和预后意义.方法观察有新出现持续性完全性右束支传导阻滞的急性心肌梗死患者45例(观察组),同期收治的无右束支传导阻滞的急性心肌梗死患者90例(对照组)的CK峰值、KilliP分级、严重心律失常发生率、LVEF和住院病死率的情况.结果观察组CK峰值(2498±1369U/L),明显高于对照组(1757±1026U/L)(P＜0.05).观察组Killip平均级别2.5±1.1,非常明显高于对照组(1.7±0.9),(P＜0.01).观察组缓慢型心律失常及室性恶性心律失常发生率(20%、16%),明显高于对照组(4%、4%)(P均＜0.05).观察组的住院病死率(15.6%)显著高于对照组(4.4%)(P＜0.05).结论急性心肌梗死新出现的持续性完全性右束支传导阻滞提示临床病情危险,预后不良.     

急性心肌梗死新出现束支传导阻滞与30天全因病死率的关系

目的:探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者心电图上出现束支传导阻滞的时间和持续时间与其30 d全因病死率之间的关系。方法:采用多元回归的方法分析1000例AMI患者30 d全因病死率与束支传导阻滞出现时间和持续时间之间的关系。结果:260例(26%)有新出现的束支传导阻滞。其中,右束支阻滞170例(17%),左束支阻滞90例(9%)。30 d全因病死率15%(39例)。与右束支阻滞比较,左束支阻滞有更高的共病患病率和病死率(P0.05)。暂时性束支传导阻滞30 d全因病死率更低(P0.05)。结论:AMI患者新出现的持续性束支传导阻滞是30 d全因病死率的独立危险因素。     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗对急性心肌梗死并发右束支传导阻滞患者临床及近期预后的影响

目的:探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)并发右束支传导阻滞患者临床及预后的影响。方法:92例新发右束支传导阻滞的AMI患者被随机分为急诊PCI治疗组(观察组,47例)及静脉溶栓治疗组(对照组,45例)。测定2组肌酸激酶(CK)及CK同工酶(CK-MB)峰值水平,左心室舒张期末容积指数、左心室收缩期末容积指数、左心室射血分数;观察严重心律失常、梗死后心绞痛发生情况、住院期间病死率。结果:与对照组比较,观察组术后CK及CK-MB峰值水平明显减低;术后3个月左心室容积减小,左心室射血分数升高;严重心律失常、梗死后心绞痛发生率、住院期间病死率明显减低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:急诊PCI治疗对改善AMI并发右束支传导阻滞患者预后有积极的影响。     

老年急性心肌梗死伴右束支传导阻滞近期预后分析

目的　研究老年急性心肌梗死 (AMI)伴右束支传导阻滞 (RBBB)患者的临床预后。　 方法　收集本院近 10年收住院老年AMI 2 0 3例患者的临床资料分为 2组 ,观察组 (伴有RBBB) 2 4例 ,对照组 (不伴RBBB) 179例 ,进行一般情况及并发病比较 ,临床经过及住院病死率比较。观察组再分为 3组 ,AMI伴新出现持久性RBBB组 13例 ,与AMI伴新出现短暂性RBBB组 6例及AMI既往有RBBB组 5例进行临床特点及病死率比较。　 结果 　 2组一般情况及并发病比较无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,2组临床经过及住院病死率比较 ,观察组中的休克、恶性心律失常、前壁心肌梗死的发生率、病死率、心功能不全及房室传导阻滞均较对照组显著增高 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 0 1)。观察组中 3组比较 ,新出现持久性RBBB患者的前壁AMI及病死率比新出现短暂RBBB及既往有RBBB患者显著增高 (P <0 .0 5～ 0 0 1)。　 结论　AMI伴新出现持久性RBBB患者临床经过危险 ,预后不良。     

右束支阻滞在急性心肌梗死中的意义

目的　了解伴随急性心肌梗死出现的右束支阻滞的临床和预后意义。　方法　将我院近5年收治的伴有新出现的持续性右束支阻滞的急性心肌梗死共 12例作为观察组 ,梗死部位均累及前间壁或前壁 ,故将同期收治的无束支阻滞的前间壁或前壁急性心肌梗死共 2 0例作为对照组 ,两组急性心肌梗死患者都在症状发生后 2 4h内收入院。分析两组的临床经过、住院病死率和随访 1年的情况。　结果　观察组血清 CK- MB平均峰值为 (2 48.2± 15 4.9) u,明显高于对照组的 (10 8.6± 6 4.2 ) u(P<0 .0 2 )。观察组 5 0 %并发室性心动过速或心室颤动 ,对照组为 2 5 %。观察组心功能受损也更严重 ,Killip平均级别为 2 .45± 0 .6 8,对照组为 (1.2 0± 0 .42 ,P<0 .0 0 5 ) ,左心室舒张末内径在观察组为 (5 6 .8± 11.0 ) mm ,对照组为 (4 7.0± 4.4) mm (P<0 .0 5 ) ,左心室射血分数在观察组为 0 .47± 0 .0 6 ,对照组为 (0 .6 5± 0 .0 9,P<0 .0 0 2 )。观察组的住院病死率为 2 5 % ,1年内因心力衰竭恶化再住院率为 44 %。　结论　伴随急性心肌梗死新出现的持续性右束支阻滞是临床经过凶险和预后不良的标志     

国产封堵器治疗膜部室间隔缺损并发心律失常的分析及两种防治措施对心律失常转归的影响

目的:探讨国产封堵器治疗膜部室间隔缺损(VSD)并发心律失常的原因及2种防治措施对心律失常转归的影响。方法:入选先天性心脏病膜部VSD并行介入治疗的患者260例,年龄(16.3±12.5)岁,经胸超声检查VSD大小为(6.0±3.2)mm,随机分成两组:A组(130例)介入术后常规静脉滴注地塞米松3~10mg,或后续口服强的松3~7d;B组(130例)介入术后根据是否并发心律失常情况再静脉滴注地塞米松3~10mg或后续口服强的松3~7d。统计分析所有患者术中及术后并发的各种心律失常,并对其处理,随访3~6个月,观察其转归。结果:260例膜部VSD患者介入术中或术后共并发心律失常55例,平均年龄(13.8±11.6)岁;出现时间(3.6±1.4)d。其中A组10例(发生率7.7%):完全性左束支阻滞1例,完全性右束支阻滞3例,不完全性右束支阻滞2例,加速性交界性心动过速伴干扰性房室脱节2例,左前分支阻滞2例;B组45例(发生率34.6%):一过性Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞1例,高度房室传导阻滞1例,完全性左束支阻滞4例,间歇性左右束支传导阻滞3例,完全性右束支阻滞10例,不完全性右束支阻滞11例,左前分支阻滞6例,加速性交界性心动过速伴干扰性房室脱节9例;两组术后心律失常发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);经激素治疗后,B组中1例一过性Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞转为Ⅱ度Ⅰ型房室传导阻滞,随访3~6个月。B组中2例完全性右束支阻滞、2例不完全性右束支阻滞和3例左前分支传导阻滞未恢复,治愈率84.4%;而A组中只有1例完全性右束支阻滞治疗后未完全恢复,转为不完全性右束支阻滞,治愈率90%,两组术后心律失常治愈率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:应用国产封堵器介入治疗VSD比较安全有效,严重并发症极少,主要并发症为各种心律失常,如果及时发现,并给予激素治疗,约90%可以恢复,术后常规给予激素治疗,可减少并发症,加快恢复。     

右束支传导阻滞在急性心肌梗死中的临床意义

目的　评价伴随急性心肌梗死 (AMI)出现的右束支传导阻滞 (RBBB)的临床意义。方法　 2 94例 AMI分为RBBB组和非 RBBB组 ,比较两组患者的年龄、梗死部位、血清磷酸肌酸激酶 (CK)及其同工酶 (CK- MB)水平、心功能状态、严重并发症及住院死亡率。结果　 RBBB组血清 CK、CK- MB平均峰值为 (2 2 82 .0± 6 74.3) u/ L、(2 5 2 .6±137.3) u/ L ,明显高于非 RBBB组的 (192 0 .4± 5 6 9.2 ) u/ L、(114.8± 5 6 .7) u/ L (P<0 .0 0 5和 P<0 .0 1)。 RBBB组killip平均级别为 2 .33± 0 .5 4级 ,非 RBBB组为 1.46± 0 .6 3级 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,RBBB左心室舒张期末内径 (5 3.2± 9.6 m m )大于非 RBBB组 (4 5 .8± 8.2 m m,P<0 .0 5 ) ,左心室射血分数 [(4 8.9± 7.6 ) %]小于非 RBBB组 [(6 7.0± 3.7) %,P<0 .0 1]。 RBBB组心脏并发症发生率和住院死亡率高于非 RBBB组 (分别为 70 .8%和 39.0 %,P<0 .0 1;43.8%和 14.6 %,P<0 .0 1)。结论　 AMI并 RBBB患者梗死面积大 ,严重心脏并发症发生率和住院死亡率高。     

Right bundle branch block in acute myocardial infarction treated by primary coronary angioplasty and stenting

Patients with right bundle branch block (RBBB) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have a significantly higher mortality rate even with the advent of thrombolytic therapy. This study was undertaken to assess the impact of primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stenting on the outcome of patients with RBBB in AMI. A total of 600 patients with AMI who underwent primary PTCA and stenting (rate: 61%) < 12 hours of onset were studied. A 12-lead ECG was obtained at least every 6 hours. Serial creatine kinase was measured, and left ventricular ejection fraction was obtained during the hospital stay. Among 600 patients with AMI, 94 patients (15.7%) had RBBB; it was persistent in 31 (33%) and transient in 63 (67%). In-hospital mortality rate was 7.3% in patients without RBBB, 7.9% in transient RBBB, and 25.8% in persistent RBBB (p < 0.02). The incidence of heart failure was 26.5% in those without RBBB, 34.9% in transient RBBB, and 58.1% in persistent RBBB (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference among these 3 groups in ventricular arrhythmias and complete atrioventricular block. Peak creatine kinase was 3,214+/-2,293 U/L in those without RBBB, 4,558+/-3,316 U/L in transient RBBB (p < 0.001), and 5,635+/-3,920 U/L in persistent RBBB (p < 0.001). Left ventricular ejection fraction was 50+/-11% in those without RBBB, 47+/-11% in transient RBBB (p < 0.05), and 42+/-13% in persistent RBBB (p < 0.001). Patients with AMI treated by primary PTCA and stenting had an increased incidence of transient RBBB, especially following reperfusion therapy, although the clinical outcome was similar to that of those without RBBB. In contrast, there was no satisfactory improvement in clinical outcomes in those with persistent RBBB.     

急性心肌梗塞并发室内传导障碍与近期预后

本文分析127例急性心肌梗塞(AMI)病例,其中无室内传导障碍(NIVCD)91例,并发室内传导障爵(IVCD)36例(28%)。住院期(6～8周)病死率:NIVCD者15.4%,IVCD者33.3%,差异显著(P<0.025),合并IVCD者的病死率高于NIVCD者两倍。     

Prognostic differences between different types of bundle branch block during the early phase of acute myocardial infarction: insights from the Hirulog and Early Reperfusion or Occlusion (HERO)-2 trial.

AIMS: Bundle branch block (BBB) early during acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is often considered high risk for mortality. Little is known about how different BBB types influence prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: The HERO-2 trial recruited 17 073 patients with ischaemic symptoms lasting >30 min and either ST elevation with or without right bundle branch block (RBBB) or presumed-new left bundle branch block (LBBB). Electrocardiograms were performed before and 60 min after the start of fibrinolytic therapy. Using patients with normal intraventricular conduction as a reference, odds ratios (ORs) for 30-day mortality were calculated for different BBB types (LBBB, RBBB with anterior AMI, and RBBB with inferior AMI) present at randomization and/or 60 min, with adjustment for recruitment region, pre-infarction characteristics, time to randomization, hemodynamics, and Killip class. At randomization, the 873 patients (5.11%) with BBB had worse baseline characteristics than patients without BBB. In patients presenting with LBBB (n=300), the ORs for 30-day mortality were 1.90 (95% CI 1.39-2.59) before and 0.68 (0.48-0.99) after adjustment for other prognosticators. In patients presenting with RBBB (n=415) and anterior AMI, the ORs were 3.52 (2.82-4.38) before and 2.48 (1.93-3.19) after adjustment. In patients presenting with RBBB and inferior AMI (n=158), the ORs were 1.74 (1.06-2.86) before and 1.22 (0.71-2.08) after adjustment. Within 60 min, 143 patients (0.92%) developed new BBB. The adjusted ORs for 30-day mortality were 2.97 (1.16-7.57) in the 25 patients with new LBBB, 3.84 (2.38-6.22) in the 100 with new RBBB and anterior AMI, and 2.23 (0.54-9.21) in the 18 with new RBBB and inferior AMI. CONCLUSION: RBBB accompanying anterior AMI at presentation and new BBB (including LBBB) early after fibrinolytic therapy are independent predictors of high 30-day mortality. These electrocardiographic features should be considered in risk stratification to identify high-risk patients.     

急诊PCI对急性心肌梗死合并新发右束支传导阻滞患者左室重构的影响

目的探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）对急性心肌梗死合并新发右束支传导阻滞患者左室重构的影响。方法86例新发右束支传导阻滞的AMI患者随机分为急诊PCI治疗组（45例，观察组）及静脉溶栓治疗组（41例，对照组），分别于人院后24h、I周、1个月及3月行超声心动图检查，测量左心室舒张末期容积指数、左心室收缩末期容积指数和左心室射血分数。结果急诊PCI组与静脉溶栓治疗组于术后1个月及3个月左心室容积均减小，左心室射血分数升高；术后3个月两组左心室舒张期末容积指数[（63．4±5．8）ml／m^2比（67．3±6．4）ml／m^2]、左心室收缩期末容积指数[（30．5±3．4）ml/m^2比（34．6±4．0）ml／m^2]和左心室射血分数[（0．53±0．04）％比（0．50±0．02）％]，差异有统计学意义。结论急诊PCI治疗可明显抑制新发右束支传导阻滞的急性心肌梗死患者左室重构，改善左心室功能。     

急性心肌梗死近期并发症与血清肌钙蛋白I水平变化的关系

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)近期并发症与血清心肌肌钙蛋白I变化的关系。方法用固相免疫层析技术检测AMI患者发病第1、3、5和7天的血清心肌肌钙蛋白I水平。根据结果将106例AMI患者分为血清心肌肌钙蛋白I强阳性组、阳性组和弱阳性组,分析并比较三组患者住院期间的心力衰竭、心律失常、缺血性胸痛、心源性休克和心脏性死亡的发生情况。结果血清心肌肌钙蛋白I强阳性组和阳性组的心力衰竭、缺血性胸痛和心脏性死亡的发生率明显高于血清心肌肌钙蛋白I弱阳性组(P<0.01),但前两组之间的发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),心律失常和心源性休克的发生率三组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血清心肌肌钙蛋白I水平的变化情况可做为估计AMI近期并发症的发生和预后过程的重要参考依据。     

Characteristics and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction in relation to occurrence of congestive heart failure

Congestive heart failure is one of the major symptoms accompanyingacute myocardial infarction (AMI). The study aimed to describethe occurrence, characteristics and prognosis of congestiveheart failure in AMI and to compare post-MI patients with andwithout congestive heart failure. The methods used includedbaseline characteristics, initial symptoms, electrocardiogram(ECG), mortality during hospitalization and one year follow-upin consecutive patients with AMI admitted to Sahlgrenska Hospital,Göteborg, Sweden. Congestive heart failure was observed in 51% of the cases. Patientswith congestive heart failure were older, more frequently hada history of previous cardiovascular disease, and, less frequentlyhad chest pain on admission to hospital. They had a higher occurrenceof life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias during initial hospitalization,and their mortality during one year follow-up was 39% as comparedto 17% in patients without congestive heart failure (P<0.001).This difference remained significant when correcting for differencesat baseline. Patients with severe congestive heart failure hada one year mortality of 47% vs 31% in patients with moderatecongestive heart failure (P<0.01). Signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure occur in everysecond patient admitted to hospital due to AMI, and indicatea bad prognosis, which is directly related to the severity ofcongestive heart failure.     

Prognostic Factors in Right Bundle-Branch Block Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction

Summary: Seventy patients with right bundle-branch block (RBBB), comprising 6% of 1083 patients with acute myocardial infarction, were admitted to our coronary care unit (CCU) over a five-year period. Thirty-eight of them died in hospital. Their prognosis was not altered significantly by the presence of complete heart block (CHB), bilateral bundle-branch block or the site of infarction and serum enzyme levels. Hospital mortality was lower ( p <0.015) among eight patients with transient RBBB of whom one died. The high mortality appeared to be due mainly to extensive infarction.
All 32 survivors were followed from two to 50 months and 15 have died. Four patients who had had bilateral bundle-branch block or CHB died suddenly. Although no sudden deaths occurred in those with RBBB alone the mortality at six, 12 and 18 months did not differ significantly from patients with bilateral bundle-branch block.
Of the 17 patients still alive eleven have persistent RBBB, one has bilateral bundle-branch block, one has required permanent pacing for Stokes-Adams attacks and four have a QRS complex of normal duration.
The late sudden deaths suggest that permanent pacing may have a place in the management of patients with bilateral bundle-branch block surviving infarction.     

急性心肌梗死伴新发右束支阻滞的临床意义

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）合并新发右束支阻滞（RBBB）的临床特征及意义.方法 回顾性分析同期住院的AMI伴新发RBBB（观察组）与同期住院的无新发RBBB患者（对照组）,比较两组的基线资料、心电图、冠状动脉造影（CAG）、肌钙蛋白（cTNI）滴度、血清肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）峰值、心功能及院内主要不良心脏事件（MACE）.结果 观察组新发RBBB多继发于急性前侧壁心肌梗死,梗死相关动脉（IRA）以左冠状动脉前降支（LAD）近端多见;观察组cTNI滴度、（CK-MB）峰值、Killip平均分级、住院期间MACE发生率均明显高于对照组,而左室射血分数（LVEF）则低于对照组.结论 AMI合并新发RBBB提示心梗面积大,病情凶险,预后不良,应尽早行再灌注治疗.