初发2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平变化及OGTT对其影响

目的　观察初发 2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平变化及糖负荷对瘦素分泌的影响 ,进而探讨瘦素与肥胖、2型糖尿病间的关系。方法　测定 4 0例正常对照者 (肥胖与非肥胖各为 2 0例 )及 5 0例初发 2型糖尿病者(肥胖者 2 0例 ,非肥胖者 30例 )空腹及口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (OGTT)后血清瘦素、胰岛素、血糖水平 ,同时测定糖化血红蛋白、三酰甘油及胆固醇水平。结果　 ( 1)对照组和初发 2型糖尿病组肥胖者血清瘦素水平均高于非肥胖者 (均P <0 .0 0 1) ,但 2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平与对照组差异无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;( 2 )不论是对照组 ,还是 2型糖尿病组 ,糖负荷后血清胰岛素水平升高 ,而瘦素水平呈下降趋势 ,但无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;( 3)相关分析显示 ,空腹血清瘦素水平与性别、体重指数和胰岛素水平具有相关性。结论　初发 2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平无显著变化 ;短期血胰岛素水平升高对血清瘦素水平无明显影响。     

老年2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素、瘦素水平与糖脂代谢异常相关性临床研究

【目的】探讨血清脂联素、瘦素在老年2型糖尿病和2型糖尿病伴肥胖患者的水平及其与糖脂代谢异常的相关性。【方法】对140例居住在天津的被检者采集病史、进行体格检查并留取血清测定其血糖、胰岛素、瘦素、血脂和脂联素的水平。【结果】老年2型糖尿病合并肥胖组与老年2型糖尿病组之间的血浆脂联素水平存在显著性差异,且二者均低于对照组,其瘦素水平显著高于非老年对照组;老年与非老年对照组之间的血浆脂联素水平无显著性差异。简单相关分析提示脂联素与腰围、空腹和餐后1 h和2 h血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数、瘦素负相关,与高密度脂蛋白正相关;采用逐步回归法分析,校正其它参数,腰围、瘦素和空腹血糖为影响脂联素水平的独立因素。【结论】老年2型糖尿病患者的血浆脂联素水平降低,在肥胖、2型糖尿病、瘦素、胰岛素和脂联素之间可能存在互动的相关性。     

老年2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征患者血清抵抗素水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系研究

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征(MS)患者空腹血清抵抗素水平与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法选取老年2型糖尿病患者82例,其中46例合并MS(MS组),36例不合并MS(非MS组),另选取同期30例健康体检者作为对照组。检测3组受试者的空腹血清抵抗素水平,分别计算体质指数(BMI)、腰臀比(WHR)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),并测定相关代谢指标,利用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 MS组及非MS组糖尿病患者血清抵抗素水平及HOMA-IR均显著高于对照组,MS组患者上述两项指标亦显著高于非MS组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,抵抗素受HOMA-IR、WHR影响较大。结论老年2型糖尿病合并MS患者血清空腹抵抗素水平显著升高,且抵抗素水平与HOMA-IR及WHR呈正相关;抵抗素可能在胰岛素抵抗、肥胖和糖尿病中发挥重要作用。     

2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平及相关性分析

目的研究2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平,以及瘦素与临床指标的相关性。方法对80例2型糖尿病患者和155例健康体检者进行了对比,测定受试者的身高、体重、腰围、臀围、收缩压、舒张压,采用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定空腹血糖水平、采用酶法测定甘油三酯等指标,同时采用ELISA测定系统测定受试者的血清瘦素水平,进行t检验和直线相关分析。结果两组间血清瘦素水平没有显著性差异(P>0.05),两组中肥胖者的瘦素水平均明显高于非肥胖者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肥胖2型糖尿病患者血清瘦素水平与BMI、臀围具有相关性(P<0.05),与血压无相关性(P>0.05)。结论血清瘦素水平与肥胖直接相关,提示瘦素参与肥胖过程。     

糖尿病患者瘦素水平与糖尿病视网膜病变不同分期的相关性研究

目的探讨血清瘦素水平与糖尿病视网膜病变的关系。方法收集2008年6月～2009年6月内分泌科住院的2型糖尿病患者80例,将其分为增殖性视网膜病变组23例,非增殖性视网膜病变组30例,糖尿病无视网膜病变组27例,另设健康对照者30例。采用放射免疫法测定血浆瘦素水平,并于生化检验室检验空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇、三酰甘油。结果病例组,包括增殖性视网膜病变组、非增殖性视网膜病变组、糖尿病无视网膜病变组与对照组血浆瘦素分别为(17.41±5.81)ug/L、(13.32±6.78)ug/L、(9.52±4.34)ug/L、(5.1±3.4)ug/L。各病例组与对照组比较均有统计学差异(P<0.01);各病例组组间比较均有统计学差异(P<0.01);血浆瘦素水平与年龄、空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇、三酰甘油等无相关关系。血浆瘦素水平与体重指数呈正相关。结论血浆瘦素是2型糖尿病视网膜病变发病的一种独立危险因子,且增高的幅度与病情的严重程度正相关。     

2型糖尿病患者血清ApoB100水平与代谢综合征的关系

目的:比较2型糖尿病无代谢综合征患者与2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征患者的血清ApoB100水平,了解ApoB100与代谢综合征的关系。方法:将146例2型糖尿病患者分成两组:无合并代谢综合征组以及合并代谢综合征组,测定ApoB100水平;同时采用Pearson多元相关分析ApoB100与代谢综合征各组分的相关性,根据患者伴发的代谢综合征组分数目分为1～3组,并对组间ApoB100水平进行统计分析。结果:2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征组患者的ApoB100水平比2型糖尿病无代谢综合征组患者的ApoB100水平高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),血清中ApoB100水平随着伴发的代谢综合征组分数目的增加而增加;2型糖尿病患者ApoB100水平与腰围、体重指数、甘油三酯、总胆固醇呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、ApoA-I呈负相关(P<0.01),与血压、空腹血糖无明显相关性。结论:2型糖尿病患者血清ApoB100水平与代谢综合征关系密切。     

老年高血压患者血清瘦素水平的临床研究

目的：探讨老年高血压患者血清瘦素（Leptin)水平变化及意义。方法：采用放射免疫测定41例老年高血压患者和25例老年非高血压患者血清瘦素与正常人对照。结果：老年高血压组血清瘦素明显高于正常对照组（P＜0．01），也高于老年非高血压组（P＜0．05）。结论：老年高血压患者血清瘦素较非高血压者高，提示血清瘦素与高血压有显著的相关性。     

2型糖尿病患者血清尿酸水平与代谢综合征和慢性肾病的相关性分析

目的 分析2型糖尿病患者血清尿酸水平,并探讨血清尿酸水平与代谢综合征和慢性肾病的相关性.方法 选取2019年10月至2020年10月北京积水潭医院收治的120例2型糖尿病患者,根据血清尿酸水平将患者分为高尿酸组与正常尿酸组,检测两组代谢综合征和慢性肾病相关指标,血清尿酸水平与代谢综合征和慢性肾病的相关性采用logistic回归分析.结果 120例患者的血清尿酸检测值为(363.79±88.13)μmol/L,其中高尿酸组44例(36.7％),正常尿酸组76例(63.3％);两组TG[(2.73±0.23) mmol/L比(2.05±0.17) mmol/L]、HDL-C [(1.17±0.12)mmol/L比(1.04±0.09) mmol/L]、SCr[(79.27±12.79) μmol/L比(63.06±10.15) μmol/L]、肾小球滤过率[(63.34±15.82)ml/(min· 1.73 m2)比(74.10±18.34)ml/(min· 1.73 m2)]和蛋白尿发生率(20.5％比7.9％)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Logistic回归分析显示,血清尿酸水平与TG、HDL-C、SCr和蛋白尿发生率均呈正相关性,与肾小球滤过率呈负相关性.结论 2型糖尿病患者血清尿酸水平呈高表达状态,且其水平与代谢综合征和慢性肾病存在一定相关性.     

女性2型糖尿病病人血清瘦素水平及其与代谢因素的关系

①目的　观察初诊女姓 2型糖尿病 (DM )病人血清瘦素 (LPT)水平 ,探讨其与年龄、体质量指数、糖代谢、脂代谢、尿酸代谢及其他激素的关系。②方法　采用放射免疫分析法 (RIA)和酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)测定初诊未经治疗 1 1 1例 2型糖尿病病人 (男 5 6例 ,女 5 5例 )及 96例正常人 (男 4 8例 ,女 4 8例 )空腹血清LPT、睾酮(TT)、雌二醇 (E2 )、真胰岛素、血糖、血清胆固醇、三酰甘油和尿酸水平。③结果　女性DM组血清瘦素水平明显低于女性对照组 (F =1 7.985 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ;DM组及对照组中 ,女性血清瘦素水平明显高于男性 (F =34.6 0 8、5 3.72 1 ,P <0 .0 1 ) ;绝经后女性DM组与绝经前女性DM组瘦素水平比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;女性DM组血清瘦素水平与体质量指数、胰岛素浓度、腰臀围比值及尿酸水平呈正相关 (t =4 .0 75～ 1 1 .72 5 ,P <0 .0 1、0 .0 5 ) ,与空腹血糖及血清睾酮水平呈负相关 (t=- 3.94 6、- 2 .30 5 ,P <0 .0 5 )。④结论　女性 2型糖尿病病人血清瘦素水平较正常女性明显降低 ;女性 2型糖尿病病人血清瘦素水平与体质量指数、脂肪分布、胰岛素浓度、睾酮、血糖及血尿酸相关 ;雌激素不是影响瘦素的主要因素 ;瘦素参与了女性 2型糖尿病病人的糖代谢及尿酸代谢     

2型糖尿病血清尿酸与血糖、血脂关系的探讨

目的了解2型糖尿病患者的血清尿酸与血糖、血脂的关系。方法设立2型糖尿病组和非糖尿病对照组,2型糖尿病组132例,非糖尿病对照组120例,对两组的血清尿酸水平与血糖、血脂的关系进行检测分析。结果2型糖尿病组血清尿酸的水平较非糖尿病对照组降低(P<0.01),2型糖尿病患者血清尿酸水平与血糖呈负相关(r=-0.235,P<0.05)。2型糖尿病组的血脂代谢异常的检出率较非糖尿病对照组高。结论提示2型糖尿病患者血清尿酸水平降低可能与高血糖的高渗性利尿作用有关,高血糖的渗透性利尿使尿酸的排泄增加,高尿酸血症本身可能不是长期糖尿病患者动脉硬化的独立危险因素。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.