显微手术治疗脊髓髓内肿瘤22例

目的 报道应用显微外科手术切除脊髓髓内肿瘤的临床疗效。方法 对22例脊髓髓内肿瘤施行显微手术治疗。采用McCormick临床神经功能分级方法及MRI检查，对患者术前、术后神经功能改变，以及肿瘤切除情况进行评估分析。结果 肿瘤全切除16例，次全切除切除5例，部分切除1例。术后临床神经功能改善8例，保留术前神经功能9例，术后神经功能变差5例。结论 显微外科能提高手术切除脊髓髓内肿瘤的临床疗效，改善患者症状；对髓内室管膜瘤及良性肿瘤全切除效果良好。     

脊髓髓内肿瘤的显微手术治疗及效果分析

目的 探讨脊髓髓内肿瘤显微外科手术治疗的临床疗效.方法 从2004年10月至2010年10月对脊髓髓内肿瘤33例采用显微手术方法治疗,显微镜下切开脊髓后正中沟或最薄弱处,边界清楚者沿界面锐性分离全切肿瘤,边界不清者则瘤内分块切除部分肿瘤,并对临床资料和随访结果进行回顾分析.结果 星形细胞瘤8例,全切除2例,次全切除3例,部分切除3例;室管膜瘤11例,全切除8例,次全切除3例;间变性室管膜瘤3例,全切除1例,次全切除2例;神经鞘瘤4例全切除;皮样或表皮样囊肿3例,全切除1例,次全切除2例;血管母细胞瘤1例和海绵状血管瘤1例均全切除;脂肪瘤2例次全切除.术后3d内神经功能障碍加重18例,好转7例,不变8例.3个月后复查好转26例,不变4例,加重3例.随访12个月以上21例,良性肿瘤全切除患者均无复发.结论 显微外科手术是彻底切除脊髓髓内肿瘤的重要方法,全切除肿瘤的病例预后良好.     

显微外科手术治疗脊髓髓内肿瘤

目的 探讨脊髓髓内肿瘤的显微手术技巧,以求提高疗效。方法 对近5年来用显微手术治疗脊髓髓内肿瘤的19例进行回顾性分析。结果 5例室管膜瘤,全切除4例,次全切除1例;6例星形细胞瘤,只有1例镜下全切;3例神经鞘瘤全切除。术后15例神经系统症状得到不同程度的改善。结论 髓内良性肿瘤应尽可能做到全切除,术前神经系统中度损害的病例,手术效果较好。     

脊髓髓内占位性病变的显微手术治疗

我科自１９９５年１０月～１９９７年６月共收治脊髓内肿瘤５例,占同期椎管内肿瘤患者的１５．６％,全部病例均经ＭＲＩ检查,并采用显微外科技术切除病变,疗效较满意。临床资料一般资料：本组男２例,女３例。年龄１６～３８岁。病程１～２４个月。临床症状：肢体乏力...     

脊髓髓内肿瘤的显微外科手术治疗

目的：探讨脊髓髓内肿瘤显微外科手术治疗的临床疗效。方法：回顾性研究经显微手术治疗的31全 髓髓内肿瘤,对肿瘤病理类型,临床症状、手术时机、手术切除技巧及常见肿瘤的手术方法进行系统分析。结果：全切除肿瘤29例、2例星形细胞瘤次全切,我手术死亡及手术致残者,术后神经系统功能多数得以恢复或改善。结论：显微手术是脊髓髓内肿瘤最有效的治疗方法,用微创性手术技术早期切除肿瘤可获得满意疗效。     

颈髓髓内肿瘤显微手术治疗32例

目的 总结颈髓髓内肿瘤显微外科手术治疗的临床经验.方法 回顾性分析应用显微外科手术切除的32例颈髓髓内肿瘤的临床资料.显微镜下分离蛛网膜,于脊髓最薄弱处或后正中沟锐性切开,肿瘤与脊髓之间有可区分界面者,从肿瘤上、下极锐性分离,整块切除肿瘤;肿瘤与脊髓之间无可区分界面者,瘤内分块部分切除病变.结果 32例颈髓髓内肿瘤中,星形细胞瘤18例,肿瘤全切除3例,次全切除11例,部分切除或活检4例;髓内室管膜瘤13例,肿瘤全切除9例,次全切除4例;血管网织细胞瘤1例,仅行减压.术后无并发症发生.结论 应用显微外科手术切除可提高颈髓髓内肿瘤治疗效果和降低并发症的发生.     

脊髓髓内肿瘤的显微外科治疗

目的 探讨显微手术治疗脊髓髓内肿瘤临床疗效.方法 回顾分析我院2005年6月至2009年6月显微外科手术切除15例脊髓髓内肿瘤的临床资料.全切除12例,次全切除及部分切除3例.室管膜瘤8例均全切;星形细胞瘤3例,全切除2例,部分切除1例;脂肪瘤2例次全切除;血管母细胞瘤2例全切除.结果 术后随访平均2年,症状消失9例,好转3例,无变化2例,1例星形细胞瘤复发,症状加重.结论 对脊髓髓内病变应早期诊断,显微手术治疗仍可取得较好疗效.     

脊髓髓内血管母细胞瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 探讨脊髓髓内血管母细胞瘤的临床特点和显微手术体会. 方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2011年7月经显微外科手术切除的脊髓髓内血管母细胞瘤16例,占同期脊髓内肿瘤(184例)的8.7％,占中枢神经系统血管母细胞瘤(99例)的16.2％.手术均在手术显微镜下进行,所有手术病例均获目的肿瘤全切除,并均经病理确诊为血管母细胞瘤.术前、术后及随访均采用McCormick分级评估脊髓功能和完善MRI检查进行评价. 结果 本组16例,术后神经功能改善11例(68.7％)、无明显变化4例(25.0％)、恶化1例(6.3％),无手术死亡病例.随访6个月～10年,脊髓功能继续改善13例(81.3％),无明显变化3例(18.7％),未见肿瘤复发. 结论 脊髓髓内血管母细胞瘤好发于中年男性,男女比例约3∶1,颈段脊髓多见,首发症状麻木、疼痛多见;显微外科手术切除是最有效的治疗方法.     

显微手术治疗脊髓髓内占位性病变——附23例报告

目的:探讨显微手术切除脊髓髓内占位性病变的技巧。方法:系统分析经显微手术切除的23例髓内占位性病变(髓内肿瘤21例;髓内炎症性病变2例。)患者手术经过并发症及疗效。结果:髓内肿瘤全切15例,占71.4％;次全切或大部切除6例;炎症性病变2例获全切。全组无手术死亡,术后早期神经系统状态均无恶化。随访1月—3年,神经功能改善者19例,占82.6％。结论:对于绝大多数髓内占位性病变,手术治疗是目前最根本的治疗方法,并应强调对不同病变采用相应的微创性手术技巧,而早期治疗是必要的。     

脊髓髓内肿瘤的诊断及其外科治疗

作者报告１７例脊髓髓内肿瘤的诊断及其外科治疗结果。病史２年以内者居多为７０．５％，２０～４０岁占７６．５％，首发症状主要为肢体麻木无力或（及）感觉异常，特有的临床表现和ＭＲＩ或ＣＴＭ检查为主要的临床诊断依据。病理诊断以颈段、颈胸段及上胸段室管膜瘤多见共９例，其次是星形细胞瘤４例。１７例均经后路手术：肿瘤全部切除９例，其中室管膜瘤７例，大部切除减压５例，脊髓背侧切开减压活检３例。随访６个月～４９．３月，平均１１．８个月，神经机能明显改善者８例，脊髓机能评分提高１１～２０分者５例，１０分以下者３例，病情稳定者４例。本文重点讨论其诊断、手术要点及其应注意事项     

显微手术治疗脊髓室管膜瘤

目的:探讨脊髓室管膜瘤显微手术治疗中的相关问题,并评估其手术疗效及预后.方法:2005年10月至2007年10月我院收治36例脊髓室管膜瘤患者,男性27例.女性9例;年龄16～59岁,平均41.2岁.运动异常28例,感觉障碍20例,神经根性痛和局部疼痛16例,括约肌功能障碍6例.MRI检查病灶呈等信号或略高信号,多无明显强化,边界较清楚,部分伴有空洞.术前McCormick临床功能分级:Ⅰ级16例,Ⅱ级11例,Ⅲ级9例.肿瘤主体位于颈段23例,颈胸交界区6例,胸段4例,腰段3例.均在显微镜下分离切除肿瘤实质部分.结果:肿瘤全切除32例,次全切除4例.次全切患者术后接受放射治疗,无手术死亡.术后发生肺炎5例,脑脊液漏3例,手术切口感染1例,经对症治疗后痊愈.术后病理证实均为室管膜瘤.31例获得为期1年的随访,3例肿瘤次全切除患者1年内复发,再次行手术治疗;肿瘤全切除者无复发.术后McCormick临床功能分级:Ⅰ级23例,Ⅱ级6例,Ⅲ级2例.结论:显微手术是治疗脊髓髓内肿瘤的有效手段.肿瘤能否全切主要取决于肿瘤与脊髓的粘连程度和手术技巧.     

延颈髓肿瘤12例显微外科治疗

目的：探讨不同病理类型的延颈髓肿瘤临床特征和影像学诊断，及手术时机和技巧。方法：回顾性分析12例延颈髓肿瘤的病理类型、临床表现、辅助检查、手术切除程度及临床疗效。结果：12例延颈髓肿瘤中全切除11例，占91．67％，1例纤维坏死组织近全切除，无手术死亡率，全组病例临床表现均得到改善。结论：延颈髓肿瘤可通过MRI检查作出正确诊断，对绝大多数肿瘤可通过显微外科手术切除，对恶性肿瘤应辅以放射治疗。     

Surgery and survival outcomes of 22 patients with epidural spinal cord compression caused by thyroid tumor spinal metastases

Purpose

The aim of this study was to discuss the clinical presentation, imaging findings, treatments received, and outcome of therapies for patients with epidural spinal cord compression caused by thyroid spinal metastases, with the goal of emphasizing the importance of surgery in this setting and discussing therapeutic plan for treating these patients.

Methods

A total of 22 patients with spinal cord compression due to thyroid tumor spinal metastases who received surgery in our department were identified from 2004 to 2011. The series of 22 patients collected from our institution over the past 7 years was used to discuss treatment options for thyroid cancer spinal metastases on the basis of literature review and our own extensive experience.

Results

The mean age of the patients in this study was 57 years (range 37–78 years). The duration of the preoperative symptoms was 1–24 months, with an average of approximately 6 months. All patients attained improvement of at least one level of the Frankel classification after surgery. Two patients received more than one operation at our institution. Two patients died during follow-up, two patients had stable disease, and all other patients maintained a disease-free status during follow-up.

Conclusions

As thyroid tumor spinal metastases have a favorable prognosis, a radical therapeutic attitude should be considered in decision-making. Dorsal spinal decompression through curettage and stabilization can preserve or restore neurological function for most patients. For patients who have more than one metastatic lesion of the spine, surgeries can be sequentially performed based on the urgency of the case. In addition to treatment of primary disease, surgery and bisphosphonate treatment are the most important therapies for these patients.     

Management of intramedullary spinal cord tumors: surgical considerations and results in 45 cases

Background and purpose

Intramedullary spinal cord tumors (IMSCT) are relatively rare neoplasms, accounting for less than 5% of all central nervous system tumors. The optimum management of these tumors still remains controversial. Many decades ago, partial surgical resection followed by radiotherapy was the conventional management for IMSCT. Nowadays, maximal surgical resection of IMSCT without adjuvant therapy is the rule. We discuss the management of our cohort of 45 patients and review retrospectively the surgical outcome and survival.

Methods and results

We reviewed the charts of 45 patients who underwent surgery for IMSCT in our institution since 1990. The study included 23 female and 22 male with a mean age of 28.7 years (range: 18 months-64 years). In 40 patients, the final diagnosis was based on the results of MR imaging. The cervical location of the tumor was the most common (20 cases). Surgical procedures included a gross-total resection in 31 cases, subtotal resection in six cases, partial resection in five cases and a biopsy in three cases. The large majority of patients had histologically-proven low-grade tumors composed essentially of astrocytomas (44,4%) and ependymomas (28,8%). There was no mortality related to surgery. Concerning the functional outcome at six months, we noted that 22.2% of our patients deteriorated, 47.3% stayed the same and 30.5% improved. We found that patients with mild or no preoperative deficits were exceptionally damaged by the surgical procedure.

Conclusions

The gold-standard treatment of IMSCT remains maximal microsurgical resection without adjuvant therapy. For malignant or rapidly recurrent IMSCT, the optimum management is still controversial. Determinant predictors for a good outcome after surgery of IMSCT are histological type of lesion, total removal of the tumor and a satisfactory neurological status before surgery.     

脊髓内胆脂瘤的诊断和手术治疗

目的提高脊髓内胆脂瘤的诊断水平及选择治疗方法。方法总结１９７８～１９９５年收治的经手术和病理证实的１０例脊髓内胆脂瘤的经验。结果患者临床表现无特异性。本组ＣＴ检查８例，显示肿瘤呈现均匀低密度影像，边界清楚，强化扫描多无增强。ＭＲ检查４例，肿瘤呈现信号强度变化不定的特点，边界清楚。１０例患者均行手术治疗，肿瘤全切除１例，次全切除９例。８例术后得以随访，无复发。结论肿瘤全切是治疗本病的最好选择。     

脊髓室管膜瘤的诊断与治疗

目的：探讨脊髓髓内室管膜瘤的诊断和治疗方法。方法：总结分析16例脊髓髓内室管膜瘤患者的MRI表现特点,应用显微外科手术治疗,评价手术前,后神经功能状态。结果：肿瘤位于颈髓（包括颈延髓）7例,颈胸髓5例,胸髓1例,圆锥3例,肿瘤长度2．5－18cm,肿瘤一端或两端有囊肿者14例,11例合并脊髓空洞,手术全切除15次,次全切除1例,无手术死亡,随访6－38个月未见肿瘤复发,2例术前McComick分级IV级者术后神经功能无恢复。结论：MRI是诊断脊髓室管膜瘤的可靠方法,早期显微外科全切除是治疗髓内室管膜瘤有效的措施,术前神经功能状态与预后有密切关系。     

Somatosensory-evoked potentials in spinal cord injuries

Short-latency somatosensory-evoked potentials after peroneal nerve stimulation were recorded in 25 patients with long-standing incomplete spinal cord injuries. The results were correlated with the patient's ability to walk. Nine patients had normal latencies, and four of these patients had no useful function in their lower limbs. Sixteen patients had prolonged latencies, and eight of these had useful ambulation. It is concluded that the scalp-recorded somatosensory-evoked potentials from peroneal nerve stimulation does not reliably predict function after spinal cord trauma.     

Giant bipolar intramedullary nondysraphic spinal cord lipoma: A case report

Introduction

Intramedullary spinal cord lipomas (IMSCL) are a rare entity, accounting for less than 1% of spinal tumors. Most cases are associated with lumbosacral dysraphism and occur predominantly in the pediatric population.

Surgery of intramedullary spinal cord tumors

The diagnosis and management of intramedullary spinal cord tumors have been significantly influenced by new diagnostic and surgical tools such as MRI, ultrasonic aspiration, intraoperative ultrasound, and evoked potential monitoring. In this study we compared the surgical results of our earlier cases using conventional methods with more recent cases using these new methods. We report our experience based on 44 adult cases. Histologic diagnosis revealed ependymoma (20 cases), astrocytoma (15 cases), glioblastoma multiforme (1 case), and other histologic diagnoses (8 cases). We performed 20 gross total resections, 19 partial resections, and 5 biopsies. The mean follow-up period was 25.8 months (3 months-10 years). Surgical results were improvement in 11 patients (25%), stabilization in 24 (54%), and deterioration in 9 (20%). The first 28 cases (group A) were diagnosed using conventional ventional myelography and CT myelography. The more recent 16 cases (group B) were diagnosed with MRI and operated on using techniques such as ultrasonic aspiration, intraoperative monitoring and ultrasound imaging. Radical surgery (total excison) was performed in 36% (n=10) of group A, while it was possible in 62% (n=10) of group B. Deterioration after operation was noted in 28% (n=8) of group A, but only 6.2% (n=1) of group B. These results stress the importance of a preoperative MRI scan and the positive effects of intraoperative ultrasound imaging, ultrasonic aspiration, and evoked potential monitoring on surgical results. With the help of these tools, most intramedullary spinal cord tumors may be diagnosed and treated surgically with significantly decreased risk. Radical surgery was possible in as many as 62% of our more recent patients. Partial resection with radiotherapy should be confined to patients with high-grade astrocytomas.