Intracranial tuberculoma

Six patients with cerebral tuberculoma seen over a 2 year period are reported. Their clinical presentations, the result of investigations including radiological findings and their response to medical treatment are discussed and correlated with other reports in the literature. Eighty five percent of the patients were above the age of 30 years. All patients had negative past history of tuberculosis and both chest x-ray and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were within normal limits. Five patients presented with symptoms and signs of space occupying lesions but none had papilloedema. Two patients showed paradoxical enlargement or development of new tuberculous lesions during antituberculous therapy. The diagnosis was established by brain magnetic resonance imaging in 3 patients, and was further confirmed by brain biopsy in the other 3. All patients received antituberculous treatment for 12 months, except one who continued medication for 2 years. Four patients normalized with medical treatment. Intracranial tuberculoma must be included in the differential diagnosis of a space occupying lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging is a sensitive, non-invasive method to diagnose cerebral tuberculoma. Paradoxical enlargement or development of new tuberculomas during antituberculous therapy is a documented phenomenon which can be overcome by continuation of antituberculous treatment. Twelve months of antituberculous treatment is considered to be adequate to resolve intracranial tuberculoma.     

颅内血肿术后颅内压监测的临床应用分析

目的 对颅内血肿术后颅内压监测的临床应用进行研究,以期为颅内血肿术后治疗提供一定的参考依据.方法 方便选取2010年2月—2016年6月该院接受治疗的42例颅内血肿术后患者为研究对象,对其实施持续动态颅内压监测,以监测结果为依据,对临床治疗进行指导,并对其临床治疗效果进行记录与分析.结果 术后12 h恢复正常的有9例,其ICP为(10±3.0)mmHg;表现为轻度增高的有23例,其ICP为(15±1.0)mmHg;表现为中度增高的有8例,其ICP为(25±1.5)mmHg;表现为重度增高的有2例,ICP均超过42 mmHg.24 h后所有患者的颅内压均出现不同程度增高情况.42例患者在颅内压监测结果的指导下,32例正常或轻度增高者通过减少脱水剂用量进行治疗,10例中重度增高者则及时采取了加大脱水剂或再次手术等处理,均取得良好的临床治疗效果.患者治疗前的格拉斯哥昏迷评分为(6.07±1.01)分,经过治疗后,患者的格拉斯哥昏迷评分为(11.67±2.78)分,患者治疗后的格拉斯哥昏迷评分明显高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).脱水治疗甘露醇使用剂量为(496.98±42.72)mL,无患者未出现颅内感染情况.结论 持续动态ICP监测在颅内血肿术后的临床处理上有重要指导意义,具有较高的临床应用价值及推广价值.