前侧入路MIPPO技术与髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效比较

目的比较前侧入路微创经皮钢板内固定技术(MIPPO)与髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的临床效果。方法回顾性分析自2009-05—2013-08分别采用MIPPO技术、顺行髓内钉内固定与逆行髓内钉内固定治疗的肱骨干骨折54例,MIPPO组21例,顺行髓内钉组18例,逆行髓内钉组15例。比较3组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合情况、功能恢复情况、术后并发症。结果 3组术中出血量(F=72.040,P0.001)、骨折愈合时间(F=9.351,P0.001)比较差异无统计学意义,但MIPPO组手术时间较顺行髓内钉组和逆行髓内钉组短,差异有统计学意义(F=84.783,P=0.058)。54例均获得平均18.9(11~39)个月随访。MIPPO组疗效优良率明显高于顺行髓内钉组和逆行髓内钉组,并发症发生率明显低于顺行髓内钉组和逆行髓内钉组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用前侧入路MIPPO技术治疗肱骨干骨折避免了传统切开复位钢板内固定的缺点,也避免了髓内钉内固定术后的并发症,而且操作简单,学习曲线较短。     

Comparative study between intramedullary interlocking nailing and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for distal tibia extra-articular fractures

PurposeTreatment of distal tibia fractures poses significant challenge to orthopedic surgeon because of poor blood supply and paucity of soft tissue coverage. There is considerable controversy regarding the superior option of treatment for distal tibia fracture between the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) technique and intramedullary interlocking (IMIL) nailing for extra-articular distal tibia fractures. The aim of our study is to compare the functional outcome between the two treatment methods.MethodsThis was the prospective comparative study of 100 patients with distal third tibia fractures divided into two groups. The first group of patients were treated with MIPPO technique while the second group of patients were managed by IMIL nailing. Patients were followed up in outpatient department to assess the functional outcomes, malunion, delayed union, nonunion, superficial and deep infection between the two groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software (version 16.0).ResultsAverage malunion (degrees) in the MIPPO group was 5 (3–7) ± 1.41 vs. 10.22 (8–14) ± 2.04 in the IMIL group (p = 0.001). Similarly postoperative knee pain in the IMIL group was 10% vs. 2% in the MIPPO group (p = 0.001). In terms of superficial infection and nonunion, the results were 8% vs. 4% and 2% vs. 6% for the MIPPO and IMIL group, respectively (p = 0.001).ConclusionBoth procedures have shown the reliable method of fixation for distal extra-articular tibia fractures preserving the soft tissue, bony vascularity and fracture hematoma that provide a favourable biological environment for fracture healing. Considering the results of the study, we have slightly more preference for the MIPPO technique.     

胫腓骨骨折带锁髓内钉与微创经皮钢板治疗的比较

目的观察带锁髓内钉与微创经皮钢板治疗胫腓骨骨折的效果，比较两种方法的特点及临床适应证的选择。方法2000年6月～2004年6月采用带锁髓内钉与微创经皮钢板两种内固定方法闭合复位治疗胫腓骨骨折患者126例，比较胫腓骨骨折中使用带锁髓内钉组与微创经皮钢板组术中及术后的一般情况。结果两组患者在手术时间、出血量、切口大小、完全负重时间等方面差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），但在骨折愈合时间、X线暴露次数、Johner—Wruhs评价、并发症的发生等方面差异并无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论两种方法都具有手术不剥离骨膜、创伤小等优点，带锁髓内钉适合胫骨干及胫骨多段骨折，微创经皮钢板对胫骨干或远端的骨折都适合。     

Locked intramedullary nailing for displaced tibial shaft fractures

We analysed the results of 93 tibial shaft fractures treated with the Grosse-Kempf locked nail. Twenty-six fractures were comminuted, 19 were open grade I to II, and 54 were located outside the middle third of the tibia. The deep infection rate was 3.2%. There were only two poor results. The use of this method is recommended and discussed.     

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using posterolateral approach for distal tibial and tibial shaft fractures

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the posterolateral minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) method for managing distal tibial or tibial shaft fractures with severe anterior and medial soft tissue injuries.Materials and methodsFive consecutive patients with three distal tibial and two tibial shaft fractures (three open fractures) at a level-1 trauma and tertiary referral center were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were definitively treated and followed to bone union. Main outcome was measured by American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle–hindfoot score, complications, and bone union on radiographs.ResultsThe average follow-up period was 15.8 months (range, 12–24 months). The average AOFAS score was 88.2 (range, 81–90). There were no complications, such as incision breakdown, deep infection, or impingement of the flexor hallucis longus tendon. Bone union was achieved in all cases.ConclusionsPosterolateral MIPO is a feasible option when treating these fractures, especially in cases with severe anterior and medial soft tissue injuries.     

微创经皮插入钢板治疗胫骨中下段骨折

2004年8月～2009年1月,我科采用经皮微创钢板内固定术治疗胫骨中下段骨折32例,疗效满意.1 材料与方法1.1 病例资料 本组32例,男18例,女14例,年龄22～58岁.骨折AO分型:A型20例,B型9例,C型3例;开放性骨折8例,按Gustilo分型:Ⅰ型5例,Ⅱ型3例;余24例为闭合性骨折.合并腓骨骨折10例.内固定材料选用胫骨中下段内侧解剖型锁定加压钢板.     

经皮微创锁定钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的 探讨经皮微创锁定钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的临床疗效.方法 对15例胫骨远端骨折患者采用经皮微创技术结合锁定钢板治疗.结果 15例均获随访,时间5～16(10±3.5)个月.骨折均愈合,愈合时间4.5～13.3(6.4±3.8)个月.按Johner-Wruhs评分标准:优9例,良4例,中2例.结论 经皮微创技术结合锁定钢板是治疗胫骨近端骨折的理想方法.     

微创经皮插入接骨板内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的 介绍经皮插入接骨板内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折,并观察其效果。方法 采用闭合复位经皮插入接骨板内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折25例。AO分型：43A型15例(A2型6例,A3型9例),43B型6例,43C型4例。术后不辅以其他外固定,第2天即开始不负重关节功能锻炼。结果 随访25例,所有病例伤口一期愈合。骨折无延迟愈合,无畸形愈合,平均临床愈合时间15周。根据Mazur的踝关节功能评分．优良率95％。结论 微创经皮插入接骨板内固定术是治疗胫骨远端骨折的有效方法。     

经皮微创接骨板技术与髓内钉固定治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效比较

目的 比较经皮微创接骨板(MIPO)技术与髓内钉(IMN)固定技术治疗肱骨干骨折的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2007年3月至2009年1月收治的52例肱骨干中下段骨折患者临床资料,分别采用闭合复位MIPO内固定(MIPO组)与顺行IMN固定(IMN组).MIPO组27例,男15例,女12例;年龄18～65岁,平均36.7岁;IMN组25例,男16例,女9例;年龄25～63岁,平均39.4岁.记录两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、并发症、肘关节Mayo评分及肩关节Constant评分.结果 所有患者获16～36个月(平均17.8个月)随访.两组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、住院天数、骨折愈合时间及肘关节Mayo评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).MIPO组术后无骨不连与桡神经麻痹等并发症发生;IMN组术后4例发生骨不连,2例出现桡神经麻痹,1例出现内翻畸形,但功能良好.MIPO组患者骨不连发生率低于IMN组,肩关节Constant评分高于IMN组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 MIPO微创内固定技术治疗肱骨干骨折具有创伤小、术中出血量少、骨性愈合快、肩肘功能恢复好等优点,同时能减少医源性桡神经损伤的风险.

Abstract：

Objective To compare clinical outcomes of minimally invasive plating osteosynthesis (MIPO) and intramedullary nail stabilization in treatment of acute humeral shaft fractures. Methods From March 2007 to January 2009, 52 patients were treated in our department for acute fractures of middle and lower humeral shaft. Twenty-seven were treated with MIPO technique (group A) and 25 with intramedullary nail (group B) . In group A, there were 15 men and 12 women, aged from 18 to 65 years (average, 36. 7 years); in group B, there were 16 men and 9 women, aged from 25 to 63 years (average,39. 4 years). Operation time, amount of blood transfusion, hospital stay, time for union, complications, Mayo scores of the elbow and Constant scores of the shoulder were recorded in both groups and compared statistically. Results The mean follow-up time was 17. 8 months (range, 16 to 36 months) . There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in operation time, amount of blood transfusion, hospital stay, time for union, and Mayo scores of the elbow ( P > 0. 05) . There was no case of postoperative iatrogenic radial nerve palsy or non-union in group A, but there were 4 cases of non-union, 2 cases of iatrogenic radial nerve palsy and one case of varus malunion in group B. Compared with group B, group A showed significant advantages in rate of postoperative non-union and Constant scores of the shoulder functional recovery ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusion In treatment of humeral shaft fractures, MIPO technique has advantages of less operative invasion, quick bone union, satisfactory shoulder functional recovery and low risk of postoperative palsy of the iatrogenic radial nerve.     

胫骨多向锁定髓内针与胫骨远端钢板治疗胫骨远端骨折的疗效比较

[目的]比较分析胫骨多向锁定带锁髓内针(TTMLIIN)与经皮微创胫骨远端钢板固定(MIPPO)治疗胫骨远端骨折的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析本院2010年11月~2014年12月收治的胫骨远端骨折患者45例,根据AO骨折分型标准:43A型21例,43B型12例,43C型8例。23例采取胫骨多向锁定带锁髓内针固定,其中3例为Ⅱ度以上开放性骨折;18例采用经皮微创胫骨远端钢板固定,其中9例为Ⅱ度以上开放性骨折。术后进行临床随访,采用门诊定期预约随访的方法,对患者的功能恢复和并发症发生情况等进行随访和记录。观察两组手术相关情况,包括手术时间和术中出血量以及骨折愈合时间与完全负重时间。应用Johner-Wruhs胫骨骨折评分系统评价患肢功能,并进行膝关节HSS评分和踝关节AOFAS评分。观察两组的并发症发生情况。[结果]MIPO组的手术时间显著长于TMLIIN组,术中出血量显著大于TMLIIN组(P0.05)。但两组骨折愈合时间与完全负重时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。经Johner-Wruhs评分系统评价患肢功能,MIPO组:优9例,良6例,可1例,差2例。TMLIIN组:优17例,良6例,可0例,差0例,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后12个月,两组膝关节HSS评分和踝关节AOFAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后MIPO组有2例皮肤坏死,1例伤口感染,1例骨折不愈合,1例骨折延迟愈合;TMLIIN组有1例水泡结痂后皮肤破溃坏死骨外露,两组患者并发症发生率比较差异有统计学意义,MIPO组显著高于TMLIIN组,P0.05。[结论]胫骨远端骨折实施胫骨多向锁定带锁髓内针与胫骨远端钢板治疗均能够获得理想的固定和骨折愈合效果,经皮微创胫骨远端钢板固定的并发症相对较少。     

微创经皮钛板植入治疗胫骨骨折46例

目的 探讨微创经皮钛板植入法治疗胫骨中远段骨折的临床疗效。方法 对46例胫骨中远段骨折患者随机分两组,微创经皮钛板植入法24例,传统切开法22例。结果 46例均获随访,时间6～24个月,平均18个月。与传统切开组比较,微创经皮钛板植入组术后疼痛轻,炎性反应小。发热期平均2．4d,住院时间平均6．8d,骨折临床愈合时间平均12周,无骨延迟愈合及骨不连,无感染及内固定失败等并发症。结论 微创经皮钛板植入治疗胫骨中远段骨折具有损伤小、恢复快、无骨延迟愈合及骨不连优点,符合生物学固定理念及美学要求。     

经皮微创接骨板技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨经皮微创接骨板(MIPO)技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的的手术方法及疗效.方法 2006年3月至2010年2月采用MIPO技术治疗22例胫骨远端骨折患者,男8例,女14例;年龄24～75岁,平均45.3岁.术后定期复查X线片,观察骨折愈合情况,应用Johne-Wruhs方法评估患肢功能和骨折愈合情况.结果 所有患者术后获6～33个月(平均14个月)随访.全部患者骨折均获愈合,愈合时间为15～24周,平均18.6周,1例出现软组织损伤.按照Johner-Wruhs评分评定疗效:优12例,良9例,可1例,优良率为95.5%.结论应用MIPO技术治疗胫骨远端骨折,可有效提高骨折愈合率,获得良好功能,并能减少并发症的发生.

Abstract：

Objective To report the efficacy of treatment of distal tibial fractures with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO). Methods From March 2006 to January 2010, 22 cases of distal tibial fractures were treated with close reduction and the MIPO technique. They were 8 men and 14 women,with an average age of 45. 3 years (range, 24 to 75 years). The fracture healing was observed through regular follow-up radiography. Functional recovery of affected lower extremity was evaluated according to Johner-Wruhs scoring system. Results All the patients were followed up for an average of 14 months (range,6 to 33 months). All the fractures were healed after an average time of 18. 6 weeks (range, 15 to 24 weeks). Soft tissue problem occurred in only one case. According to Johner-Wruhs scoring, 12 cases were excellent, 9 good and one fair. The total excellent to good rate was 95. 5%. Conclusion In treatment of distal tibial fractures, MIPO technique can improve fracture healing and functional recovery through decreasing postoperative complications.     

微创经皮钢板内固定技术治疗胫骨近端骨折

目的探讨微创经皮钢板内固定（MIPPO）治疗胫骨近端骨折的方法和临床疗效。方法对15例胫骨近端骨折患者采用间接复位技术和MIPPO技术治疗。结果所有患者术后随访4-12个月;骨折均临床愈合,愈合时间3—7个月,无畸形愈合、感染及钢板断裂。功能采用Johner—Wruhs评分标准：优10例,良4例,中1例。结论MIPPO是治疗胫骨近端骨折的理想方法之一。     

经皮锁定板微创治疗胫骨远段骨折

目的探讨应用锁定板经皮内固定治疗胫骨远段骨折的疗效。方法采用小切口经皮插入胫骨远段内侧锁定板治疗29例胫骨远段骨折。结果 25例获得随访,时间12-28个月。骨折临床愈合时间12-20周。1例开放性骨折者发生皮肤坏死,换药后愈合。5例切口线结反应,取出线结后愈合。5例骨折延迟愈合（3例为27周,2例33周）,无内固定断裂与松动。按Johnor-Wruhs胫骨骨折临床效果评分法：优15例,良7例,中2例,差1例。结论锁定板经皮微创治疗胫骨远段骨折,创伤小、恢复快、骨折愈合率高,疗效较好。     

微创经皮钢板内固定治疗胫骨干C型骨折

目的 探讨微创经皮钢板内固定(MIPPO)治疗胫骨FC型骨折的临床疗效。方法采用间J接复位和MIPPO治疗12例胫骨C型骨折。结果平均随访9个月,临床愈合时间3～5个月,无畸形愈合、感染、钢板断裂。采用Johm-Wruhs评分标准,结果：优9例,良3例。结论对于胫骨于C型复杂骨折微创经皮钢钢板内固定是一种较好的方法,可以减少骨折端血供的破坏,促进骨折的愈合,减少并发症。     

Staged minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of proximal tibial fractures with acute compartment syndrome

PurposeHigh-energy proximal tibial fractures often accompany compartment syndrome and are usually treated by fasciotomy with external fixation followed by secondary plating. However, the initial soft tissue injury may affect bony union, the fasciotomy incision or external fixator pin sites may lead to postoperative wound infections, and the staged procedure itself may adversely affect lower limb function. We assess the results of staged minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for proximal tibial fractures with acute compartment syndrome.MethodsTwenty-eight patients with proximal tibial fractures accompanied by acute compartment syndrome who underwent staged MIPO and had a minimum of 12 months follow-up were enrolled. According to the AO/OTA classification, 6 were 41-A, 15 were 41-C, 2 were 42-A and 5 were 42-C fractures; this included 6 cases of open fractures. Immediate fasciotomy was performed once compartment syndrome was diagnosed and stabilization of the fracture followed using external fixation. After the soft tissue condition normalized, internal conversion with MIPO was done on an average of 37 days (range, 9–158) after index trauma. At the time of internal conversion, the external fixator pin site grades were 0 in 3 cases, 1 in 12 cases, 2 in 10 cases and 3 in 3 cases, as described by Dahl. Radiographic assessment of bony union and alignment and a functional assessment using the Knee Society Score and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score were carried out.ResultsTwenty-six cases achieved primary bony union at an average of 18.5 weeks. Two cases of nonunion healed after autogenous bone grafting. The mean Knee Society Score and the AOFAS score were 95 and 95.3 respectively, at last follow-up. Complications included 1 case of osteomyelitis in a patient with a grade IIIC open fracture and 1 case of malunion caused by delayed MIPO due to poor wound conditions. Duration of external fixation and the external fixator pin site grade were not related to the occurrence of infection.ConclusionsStaged MIPO for proximal tibial fractures with acute compartment syndrome may achieve satisfactory bony union and functional results, while decreasing deep infections and soft tissue complications.     

Locking internal fixator with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for the proximal and distal tibial fractures

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of the locking internal fixator (LIF), which includes the locking compression plate (LCP) and the less invasive stable system (LISS), in the proximal and distal tibial fractures. Methods: We did a retrospective study on a total of 98 patients with either proximal or distal tibial fractures from January 2003 to January 2007, who had received the operation with LIF by the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique. The data consisted of 43 proximal tibial fractures (type AO41C3) and 55 distal tibial fractures (type AO43C3). Results: No complications were observed in all patients after operation. The mean healing time was 8.4 months (range 5-14 months). Only two cases of delayed union occurred at postoperative 10 months. No infections were reported after the definitive surgery even in the cases of open fractures. All patients reached a full range of motion at postoperative 6 to 9 months and regained the normal functions of knee and ankle joints. Conclusion: Using LIF in MIPO technique is a reliable approach towards the proximal and distal tibial fractures that are not suitable for intramedullary nailing.