直肠超声引导下经会阴前列腺穿刺活检615例并发症分析

目的探讨经直肠超声引导下经会阴部前列腺穿刺活检并发症发生的相关因素。方法回顾性分析经直肠超声引导下经会阴前列腺穿刺活检患者615例,分析并发症发生率和相关因素。结果本组615例中,213例（213／615,34．63％）出现并发症,其中肉眼血尿117例（117／213,54．93％）,尿路刺激征40例（40／213,18．78％）,尿潴留27例（27／213,12．68％）,血管迷走神经反射11例（11／213,5．16％）,血尿合并血精8例（8／213,3．76％）,发热6例（6／213,2．82％）,会阴部肿胀伴出血4例（4／213,1．88％）。穿刺针数与并发症发生存在相关性（P=0．007）。结论经直肠超声引导下经会阴前列腺穿刺活检是早期前列腺癌诊断的安全有效的方法。使用16G或18G穿刺针合理穿刺可以有效降低并发症发生率。     

超声引导下经会阴定位模板的前列腺饱和穿刺活检

目的探讨超声引导下经会阴定位模板前列腺饱和穿刺活检的准确性、安全性。方法303例PSA〉4．0ng／ml和（或）DRE异常和（或）前列腺B超、CT或MRI异常者接受经会阴定位模板饱和穿刺活检。年龄35～90岁，平均69．7岁。PSA0．2～3000．0ng／ml，中位数13．7ng／ml。前列腺体积7～190ml，中位数47ml。结果每区活检1～4针，共11～44针，平均23．7针。前列腺癌活检阳性率37．6％（114／303）。PSA0～4．0、4．1～10．0、10．1～20．0、20．1～30．0、30．1～70．0及〉70．0ng／ml者阳性率分别为22．2％（4／18）、8．2％（6／73）、21．6％（22／102）、48．4％（15／31）、68．4％（26／38）及100．0％（41／41）。前列腺体积〈20、20～40、41～60及〉60ml者阳性率分别为68．0％（17／25）、51．4％（54／105）、27．5％（19／69）及23．1％（24／104）。无一例出现严重并发症。结论TRUS引导下经会阴定位模板饱和穿刺活检精确而安全，对于前列腺癌的准确分期有重要意义。     

经直肠超声引导前列腺穿刺活检的并发症

前列腺癌的早期诊断是降低其病死率的关键。一般认为经直肠超声引导前列腺穿刺活检（ＴＲＵＰＢ）是诊断前列腺癌的常规安全检查方法,但随着此方法的临床广泛应用发现也有不少并发症,发生率可高达 ６４％～７８％［１］。常见的并发症有感染、出血、疼痛和血管迷走神经症状。１感染 ＴＲＵＰＢ最严重的并发症是菌血症,发生率为１６％～７３％,而菌尿的发生率为２０％～５３％,预防应用抗生素可降低感染的发生率［２］。Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ等［３］对ＴＲＵＰＢ所用穿刺针针尖及患者血液培养发现,引起感染最常见的细菌为厌氧菌中的杆菌类…     

经直肠与经会阴途径穿刺活检诊断前列腺癌的对比分析

目的比较经直肠途径与经会阴途径穿刺活检对前列腺癌(PCa)的检出率。方法回顾性收集128例首次确诊的PCa患者,根据活检途径不同,分为经直肠途径组62例和经会阴途径组66例,比较2种途径诊断不同总前列腺特异性抗原(TPSA)水平PCa及临床意义前列腺癌(CsPCa)检出率的差异。对其中104例(经直肠途径组42例,经会阴途径组62例)在常规超声检查基础上行CEUS,于83例(经直肠途径组28例,经会阴途径组55例)检出阳性病灶后行靶向穿刺,比较2组系统穿刺及靶向穿刺PCa、CsPCa的检出率。结果经直肠途径组PCa检出率为35.48%(22/62),CsPCa检出率为25.81%(16/62);经会阴途径组PCa检出率为42.42%(28/66),CsPCa检出率为28.79%(19/66),差异均无统计学意义(P=0.471、0.676);2组对不同TPSA水平PCa及CsPCa的检出率差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。经直肠途径组与经会阴途径组在系统穿刺中PCa检出率[35.48%(22/62) vs 40.91%(27/66);P=0.587]、阳性针数/总针数[14.25%(106/744) vs 14.52%(115/792);P=0.879]、CsPCa检出率[25.81%(16/62) vs 28.79%(19/66);P=0.676]差异均无统计学意义;靶向穿刺活检PCa检出率[35.71%(10/28) vs 14.55%(8/55);P=0.002]、阳性针数/总针数[30.77%(24/78) vs 6.76%(10/148);P0.001]差异有统计学意义。结论超声引导下前列腺穿刺活检经直肠途径与经会阴途径对PCa及CsPCa检出率无差异。CEUS可引导前列腺靶向穿刺活检,穿刺操作时选择与CEUS相同的患者体位及解剖断面可提高PCa检出率。     

经直肠前列腺穿刺活检并发症分析及其防治

目的探讨经商肠前列腺穿刺活检并发症的发生率、相关因素和处理方法。方法对1995-2004年经直肠前列腺穿刺活检226例进行回顾性分析。由前列腺左右叶分别穿刺3点,中叶穿刺2点。干纱布置入直肠内压迫止血。穿刺前后各应用抗生素3d。结果穿刺后32例患者出现肉眼血尿(14．16％),12例患者直肠出血(5．31％),尿路刺激症状伴有／不伴有发热34例(15．04％),排尿困难29例(12．83％)。上述患者经相关处理后恢复。结论前列腺穿刺活检是诊断前列腺癌的一种安全、简便方法,但在应用中仍有可能发生各种并发症。使用细针穿刺和穿刺前充分的肠道准备是降低并发症发生率的有效手段。     

经直肠前列腺穿刺活检的临床分析

目的 探讨经直肠前列腺穿刺活检诊断前列腺癌的临床价值.方法 194例前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)升高或直肠指诊阳性或经直肠前列腺超声发现可疑结节的患者,行超声引导下经直肠前列腺穿刺活检.结果 194例患者中前列腺癌患者51例,前列腺增生患者87例,前列腺炎患者14例,前列腺上皮内瘤(PIN)患者36例,前列腺梗死患者6例.有38例出现一过性肉眼血尿,血便20例;发热16例;败血症5例;无血精、前列腺脓肿等并发症发生.结论 经直肠前列腺穿刺活检是一种安全的方法,有助于提高前列腺癌的早期诊断及前列腺疾病的鉴别诊断.

Abstract：

Obiectives To explore the clinical value of ultrasound guided transrectal prostate biopsy for diagnosing prostate carcinoma.Methods Systemic biopsy were performed on 194 patients who had normal level of prostate specific antigen (PSA)or who had prostate nodules by digital rectal examination or on ultrasound.Results Prostate carcinoma were detected in 51 cases;Benign prostatic hyperplasia 87 cases;prostatitis 14 cases;Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia 36 cases;Prostatic infarction 6 cases.38 patients had transient gross hematuria,20 patients had hematochezia;fever was seen in 16 patients;5 patients got Sepsis;there were no hematospermia,prostate abscess and other complications occurred.Conclusions Transrectal Ultrasound Prostate Biopsy can increase the cancer early detection and in diffematiul diagnosis with other prostate disease.It is safe and efficacioious.     

基于bpMRI的经会阴与经直肠前列腺认知融合靶向活检的对比研究

目的:比较基于双参数磁共振(bpMRI)的经会阴与经直肠前列腺认知融合靶向活检对前列腺癌和有临床意义前列腺癌(CsPCa)的检出率,以及并发症发生情况。方法:回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年6月于南京医科大学第一附属医院首次行前列腺活检的276例患者的临床资料,276例均行基于bpMRI的认知融合靶向活检和系统活检...     

经直肠前列腺穿刺活检并发症分析

目的 :探讨前列腺穿刺活检并发症的情况。　方法 :回顾性分析 1997年 5月～ 2 0 0 1年 5月的前列腺穿刺活检病例 2 2 0例 ,分析活检并发症的构成及处理经验。　结果 :2 2 0例中 ,93例出现轻微并发症 ,15例出现严重并发症。　结论 :使用细针经直肠前列腺穿刺活检简便准确 ,取材满意 ,术前灌肠和使用抗生素 ,可减少严重并发症     

经会阴行前列腺穿刺活检的现状分析

经直肠行前列腺穿刺活检是目前诊断前列腺癌主流的穿刺活检方式,然而经直肠途径穿刺活检存在弊端,有穿刺盲区,有较高的假阴性率和感染发生率。而经会阴途径穿刺活检具有较高的穿刺阳性率和较低的感染率的优势。随着对经会阴途径穿刺活检方式的改进、穿刺针数的增加、麻醉方法的改良,并与影像学技术相结合,经会阴行前列腺穿刺活检进一步提高了穿刺活检的阳性率,这种穿刺活检方式在将来有可能成为主流的穿刺方式。     

经会阴及经直肠前列腺穿刺活检术的临床应用分析

目的:比较经直肠及经会阴两种前列腺穿刺活检术的阳性率及并发症。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年1月间156例前列腺穿刺活检病例,其中经直肠径路97例,经会阴径路59例。结果:经直肠径路组穿刺阳性率为48.4%,经会阴径路组为44.1%。根据不同的PSA水平分层,两种径路穿刺活检的阳性率无显著性差异(P0.05)。穿刺后经直肠径路组与经会阴径路组血尿发生率分别为54.6%、42.4%,尿频尿急尿痛发生率分别为17.5%、22.0%,排尿困难发生率分别为9.3%、6.8%,急性尿潴留发生率分别为7.2%、6.8%,上述并发症发生率在两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);发热发生率分别为15.5%、3.4%,血便发生率分别为50.5%、3.4%,经直肠径路组要显著高于经会阴径路组(P0.05及P0.01);会阴肿胀发生率分别为3.1%、13.6%,经会阴径路组显著性增高(P0.05)。结论:超声引导下经直肠和经会阴前列腺穿刺活检术都是诊断前列腺癌的有效方法。两种方式的穿刺阳性率无显著性差异,但并发症发生率各有特点,具体方式选择应根据患者情况决定。     

The results of transperineal versus transrectal prostate biopsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This systematic review was performed to compare the efficacy and complications of transperineal (TP) vs. transrectal (TR) prostate biopsy. A systematic research of PUBMED, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was performed to identify all clinical controlled trials on prostate cancer (PCa) detection rate and complications achieved by TP and TR biopsies. Prostate biopsies included sextant, extensive and saturation biopsy procedures. All patients were assigned to a TR group and a TP group. Subgroup analysis was performed according to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and digital rectal examination (DRE) findings. The Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.1 software was used for the meta-analysis. A total of seven trials, including three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and four case-control studies (CCS), met our inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in the cancer detection rate between the sextant TR and TP groups (risk difference (RD), -0.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.08-0.03; P=0.34). Meta-analysis for RCTs combined with CCS showed that there was no difference in the cancer detection rate between the extensive TR and TP group (RD, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.05-0.04; P=0.81). There was no significant difference in PCa detection rate between the saturation TR and TP approaches (31.4% vs. 25.7%, respectively; P=0.3). There were also no significant differences in cancer detection between the TR and TP groups in each subgroup. Although the data on complications were not pooled for the meta-analysis, no significant difference was found when comparing TR and TP studies. TR and TP biopsies were equivalent in terms of efficiency and related complications. TP prostate biopsy should be an available and alternative procedure for use by urologists.     

The role of a standardized 36 core template-assisted transperineal prostate biopsy technique in patients with previously negative transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsies

Study Type – Diagnostic (exploratory cohort) Level of Evidence 2b What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Template assisted transperineal biopsy of the prostate has become increasingly popular over the past decade. Several studies have demonstrated that transperineal prostate biopsy (TPB) is associated with an increased rate of cancer detection, increased histological concordance with final prostatectomy samples and an increase in anterior and apical prostate cancers than standard TRUS biopsy. However, interpretation of the literature is difficult due to considerable variation between studies in terms of technique and equipment. We examined a small cohort (n= 40) of patients using a standardized 36 core template assisted TPB technique. We show that utilising this technique is associated with high cancer (68%) detection rate in patients with two previous negative TRUS biopsies. Of patients were found to have anterior gland tumours which would not have been detected by standard TRUS guided biopsy.

OBJECTIVE

? To determine the efficacy and safety of a standardized 36 core template‐assisted transperineal biopsy technique for detecting prostate cancer in patients with previously negative transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsies and elevated prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

? Between April 2008 to September 2010, a total of 40 patients with a mean (range) age of 63 (49–73) years, a mean (range) elevated PSA level of 21.9 (4.7–87) ng/mL and two previous sets of negative TRUS‐guided prostate biopsies underwent standardized 36 core template‐assisted transperineal prostate biopsies under general anaesthetic as a day case procedure. ? The cancer detection rate and complications for all cases were evaluated.

RESULTS

? In total, 27 of 40 (68%) patients were found to have adenocarcinoma of the prostate, two patients (5.0%) had atypical small acinar proliferation, one had high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (2.5%), four (10%) had chronic active inflammation and six (15%) had benign histology. ? Gleason scores were in the range 6–9, with a median Gleason score of 7. ? There were no cases of urosepsis, urinary tract infections or haematuria. A single patient experienced acute urinary retention, with a subsequent succesful trial without a catheter, and haematospermia was common, although minor.

CONCLUSIONS

? Our standardized 36 core template‐assisted transperineal prostate biopsy technique is safe and associated with a high detection rate of prostate cancer. ? This technique should be considered in patients with elevated PSA levels and previously negative TRUS‐guided prostate biopsies.     

Significance of lateral biopsy specimens during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies in Japanese men

OBJECTIVES: Lateral biopsies are thought to have a better cancer detection rate compared with standard sextant biopsies. This study aimed to determine whether lateral peripheral zone biopsies in Japanese men who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies provided a significantly higher cancer detection rate than sextant biopsies. METHODS: Between 1999 and 2004, data were collected from 461 men who underwent prostate biopsy and had enough data regarding the performance of lateral biopsies for statistical analysis. There were two categories in this study: (i) patients who underwent sextant prostate biopsies; and (ii) patients who underwent sextant biopsies plus lateral biopsies. RESULTS: Prostate cancer was detected in 141 (30.6%) of 461 patients. It was detected in 24 (22.2%) of 108 patients who underwent sextant biopsies and 117 (33.1%) of 353 patients who underwent sextant plus lateral biopsies. Lateral biopsies were not associated with a statistically higher rate of positive biopsy findings; however, we found a significantly higher ratio of patients with positive findings in those with prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels 10 ng/mL (one of 71, 1.4%) among those who had positive cores only in lateral biopsy samples (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Lateral biopsies did not show a significantly higher detection ratio of prostate cancer compared to sextant biopsies. However, lateral biopsies were more effective than sextant biopsies in patients with lower PSA levels. Our findings might be useful for the establishment of biopsy strategies to detect prostate cancer, especially in patients with lower PSA levels.     

The continuing importance of transrectal ultrasound identification of prostatic lesions

PURPOSE: In light of a recent tendency toward systematic nontargeted biopsy we reassessed whether identification and biopsy of ultrasonographically suspicious lesions contribute to the detection of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed prospectively gathered data on 7,426 transrectal ultrasound directed prostatic biopsies performed at our institution between June 16, 2000 and September 1, 2005. Patients underwent systematic biopsy (6 to 10 cores on initial biopsy and 13 to 15 on rebiopsy) with additional sampling of visible suspicious lesions. The RR for finding cancer in transrectal ultrasound positive and negative patients was calculated for likely independent prognostic variables. RESULTS: A total of 3,828 biopsies (51.5%) were transrectal ultrasound negative and 3,598 (48.5%) were transrectal ultrasound positive. Prostate cancer was detected in 3,258 biopsies (43.9%). For each independent variable the RR for prostate cancer was higher if a sonographic lesion was present. A lesion increased the likelihood of cancer detection (57.8% vs 30.8%, RR 1.8). Biopsies from lesions identified by transrectal ultrasound had a greater median percent of the core involved with cancer (50% vs 10%, p <0.001) and they were more likely to have Gleason score 7 or greater (69.3% vs 28.3%, p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Biopsies taken when a prostatic lesion is identified by transrectal ultrasound are almost twice as likely to show cancer than when no lesion is visible. These cancers are of higher grade and volume and, therefore, they are more clinically significant. The search for and targeted biopsy of suspicious lesions seen on transrectal ultrasound remains important for prostate cancer diagnosis.     

经直肠超声定位前列腺穿刺术后感染并发症的临床分析

目的:研究经直肠超声定位前列腺穿刺术(TRUSPB)术后感染并发症的特点、危险因素及其预防措施。方法:回顾性分析我院2010年1月~2013年6月行TRUSPB术的571例患者术后并发感染35例的临床资料并文献复习。结果:前列腺体积(45ml)可作为TRUSPB术后感染的独立的预测因素,而年龄、前列腺特异抗原(PSA)与感染并发症无明显统计学关联。结论:穿刺术前应评估危险因素,对于前列腺体积较大患者要告知感染风险,并积极预防对症处理,TRUSPB仍是临床首选的安全性较好的诊断前列腺癌的方法之一。     

经会阴前列腺穿刺与经直肠前列腺穿刺活检在前列腺癌诊断的初探

目的 对比经会阴与经直肠前列腺穿刺活检在前列腺癌诊断中的阳性率及并发症。方法 回顾分析2017年1月到2019年12月行前列腺穿刺活检的病例,经直肠组187例,经会阴组68例。结果 经直肠组阳性穿刺率为34.7%,经会阴组阳性穿刺率为29.4%,两组无统计学差异（P>0.05）。穿刺后经直肠组和经会阴组的血尿发生率分别为40.1%、42.6%,尿潴留发生率分别为6.9%、7.3%,直肠出血发生率分别为1.1%、0%,差别无统计学意义（P>0.05）。穿刺后经直肠组和经会阴组的会阴肿胀的发生率分别为2.6%、13.2%,两组有统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论 超声引导下经直肠、经会阴前列腺穿刺活检均为前列腺癌诊断的有效方法。两者穿刺阳性率无明显差异,但并发症各有特点。     

Pelvic hematoma following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate needle biopsy: A case report and literature review

Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate (TRUS-P) needle biopsy is a common procedure for detection of prostate cancer. Complications associated with TRUS-P biopsy are almost always minor and do not require hospitalization. Pelvic hematoma following TRUS-P biopsy is an extremely rare complication. Only a few cases have been reported in the past. Here we report the case of a 67-year-old man diagnosed with pelvic hematoma following TRUS-P biopsy who presented with tenderness in the lower abdomen and ecchymosis in the paraumbilical region, lower abdomen, and scrotum. To our knowledge, no other case has been reported in Taiwan. Therefore, we discuss this case report and review the literature associated with complication of TRUS-P biopsies.