彩色多普勒超声引导斜角进针自动肾活检

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声引导斜角进针自动穿刺枪在肾活检中的临床应用。方法对41例彩超引导下斜角进针巴德(BARD)穿刺枪肾活检和35例B超定位手动肾活检进行回顾性对比分析。结果DARD穿刺枪自动肾活检一次成功率97.56%,二次成功率100%,活检标本平均长度(13.1±3.51)mm,肾小球平均数目(15.5±6.5)个,肉眼血尿发生率为2.43%,肾包膜下血肿(≥2.0cm)为0,而B超定位手动法分别为85.71%,60%,(10.8±2.35)mm,(8.5±5.93)个,11.43%,2.86%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义。结论彩色多普勒超声引导活检枪法具有操作简便、成功率高、并发症少等优点,值得广泛推广。     

超声引导与盲穿法肾活检术在临床中的应用分析

目的探讨比较超声引导下经皮肾活检术与超声定位后经皮盲穿法肾活检术在临床应用中的优越性。方法将我院肾脏内科收治的100例肾脏病患者,在彩超引导下行肾活检术,分成A组;同期广元市医院收治的100例肾脏病患者,在彩超定位后使用＂十＂字盲穿法行肾活检术,分成B组。观察分析两组其成功率及并发症。结果 A组患者一针成功取材92例,二针成功取材96例,成功率分别为92%、96%;B组一针成功取材63例,二针成功取材82例,失败2例,成功率分别为63%、82%。A组并发症发生率6%;B组并发症发生率23%。结论用BARD MAGNUM自动穿刺枪经皮超声引导下行肾活检术相比超声定位后经皮盲穿法肾活检术并发症少,风险小,成功率高。     

Bard穿刺枪经皮肾活检效能和并发症研究

目的分析使用Bard自动活检枪肾穿刺获取肾组织质量和患者出现并发症的情况。方法对68例肾穿刺活检病例的穿刺标本质量和临床并发症进行回顾性分析。结果均行两次穿刺,穿刺成功率100％,标本长度平均 (10．2±6．4)mm,肾小球数平均(18±1．7)个。肉眼血尿1例(1．47％);明显腰痛2例(2．94％);镜下血尿31例 (45．59％);轻微肾包膜下血肿1例(1．47％)。结论在B超引导下,采用Bard自动活检枪穿刺获取的肾组织质量好,能满足病理检查需要,并发症发生率低,但穿刺后仍需密切观察至少24 h。     

Short-stay, out-of-hospital, radiologically guided liver biopsy

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, the quality and adequacy of specimens obtained and the cost benefits associated with performing liver biopsy out of hospital, on a short-stay basis, using radiological guidance. DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective study undertaken over a three-year period, from March 1998 to March 2001, in a private radiology practice. PATIENTS AND PROCEDURES: 251 patients (159 men) with stable liver disease participated. Coagulation studies were performed within a two-week period before biopsy, which was carried out under the guidance of ultrasound (143 patients) or computed tomography (108 patients). A disposable, spring-loaded gun with an 18-gauge biopsy needle was used in each case. A repeat ultrasound or CT scan was performed after the procedure to monitor for complications such as haemorrhage. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Complications of liver biopsy; adequacy of specimens for histological examination; cost of out-of-hospital procedures compared with liver biopsies performed in the hospital setting. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty nine patients (91.2%) were discharged 60 minutes after the biopsy. The only post-biopsy complication was pain, either at the biopsy site or in the right shoulder. Pain was severe in three patients and, for one of these patients, a subcapsular hepatic haematoma was found on ultrasound eight days after the biopsy. Sufficient material for histopathological examination was obtained from all patients. The cost of out-of-hospital biopsies was substantially less than the cost of hospital-based, day-stay procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Short-stay, out-of-hospital, radiologically guided liver biopsy is safe for patients who have stable chronic liver disease and acceptable coagulation profiles.     

超声引导自动肾活检临床应用评价

目的　评价超声引导自动肾活检的临床应用价值。方法　对 2 5 6例原发性或继发性肾脏疾病患者于超声引导下进行自动肾活检分析。结果　肾活检成功率为 92 .96% ,获得肾组织长度为 12 .5 0± 4.5 0mm ,肾小球数目为 8.5 5± 5 .79个。并发症为肉眼血尿 (3 .13 % )、肾周血肿 (4 .3 0 % ) ,严重出血 (0 .3 9% ) ;不良反应发生率极低 (5 .0 9% )。结论　超声引导自动肾组织活检是一种理想、安全有效的方法。     

超声导向肾穿刺活检的临床分析

目的 :分析 18G ,16G和 14G穿刺针肾活检的安全性及其对明确肾脏病理诊断的意义。方法 :在实时超声显像的引导下应用自动活检枪对 10 0 6例患者行肾穿刺活检 ,并就穿刺所获取的肾小球数目、穿刺后的病理诊断和并发症的情况进行分析。结果 :14G和 16G穿刺针所获取的肾小球均高于 18G(P <0 .0 1) ;穿刺产生血尿和血肿等并发症比较 ,3组间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :14G ,16G与 18G 3种直径的活检针对肾活检均安全 ,大直径穿刺针能获得更多的肾小球 ,更利于临床诊断。     

超声引导下肾组织自动活检术成功率及安全性因素分析

目的探讨影响B超引导下肾组织自动活检术的成功率、并发症及安全性的相关因素。方法选择肾下极近外缘皮质较厚部位,在B超引导、监视下进行肾组织活检术,并对常见的相关影响因素进行分析。结果224例肾活检术中,一针穿刺成功215例,有9例恐肾小球数不足而穿刺二针,均取出肾组织,平均肾小球数10～24个,总体成功率100％,满足三镜检查的需要并作出完整的病理诊断;发生肉眼血尿21例（9．4％）,肾周血肿11例（4．9％）,尿潴留14例（6．3％）,腰部不适16例（7．1％）,术前伴有高血压症状、肾功能不全、患者配合不熟练的并发症发生率较高（P〈0．05）。结论超声引导下肾组织自动活检术是一种成功率高而且并发症少的方法,术前医患双方良好沟通、控制血压、强化屏气训练等,可降低并发症发生的危险性。     

超声引导经皮肾活检的临床应用

目的:探讨超声引导下活检术在经皮肾活检中的应用.方法:在超声引导下用Tru-cut手动式活检针和长射程内槽切割式自动活检枪及相应活检针经皮对肾脏进行活检术.结果:299例共穿刺574针,取出组织条563条,长度0.5～1.8 cm,均有病理结果.299例中具有不同程度不良反应者67人,占22.41%.结论:经皮肾活检的成功与否,超声引导是关键,超声引导下经皮肾活检术安全,可靠,副作用少.     

彩超引导下经皮肾穿活检对弥漫性肾脏疾病的临床价值

目的：探讨彩超引导下经皮肾组织穿刺活检术对弥漫性肾脏疾病的应用价值。方法：在彩超引导下对76例弥漫性肾病患者经皮快速自动肾穿刺活检。结果：肾活检成功率100%,取材长度0.6~1.8cm,均有病理结果。术后4例有肉眼血尿,1例出现肾周血肿。结论：彩超引导下经皮肾组织穿刺活检术,安全可靠,操作简单,对肾脏疾病的早期诊断与治疗有重要意义。     

经皮肾穿刺活检术对肾脏小肿瘤的诊断

对2006年4月至2010年12月间,因≤4．0cm肾脏小肿瘤在彩色超声（彩超）或CT指导下应用经皮肾穿刺针对肾脏活检的86例患者的临床资料行回顾性分析。80例穿刺组织可用于确诊,6例因获取组织量不足（出血或组织坏死）无法确诊肿物的病理性质;确诊的80例中,65％（52／80）为恶性肿瘤,35％（28／80）为良性肿瘤。5例患者出现穿刺并发症,47例行手术治疗患者的术后病理检查结果和穿刺检查结果均一致。在影像学指导下对肾脏小肿瘤行针刺活检准确性高,穿刺并发症少,可帮助提供组织学诊断。     

CT导引下活检枪行肾穿刺的临床应用

目的探讨CT导引下活检枪在肾穿刺中的应用。方法在CT定位下,用活检枪对14例肾病患者进行肾穿刺活检。活检枪用18-16G自动Tru-Cut针,针芯凹槽以20mm长度最佳。选择肾下极为穿刺目标。结果14例经皮肾穿刺均穿刺成功,所取组织均获得足量的病理组织块,所获肾小球最少5个,最高20个,平均12.5个。无一例发生严重并发症。结论CT作为新的导向设备,对于腹膜后腔器官显示清晰,而活检枪所取组织块较多,且并发症较少,二者结合可作为较理想的肾穿刺方法。     

超声引导经皮肾脏穿刺组织活检的临床应用

目的 探讨超声引导经皮肾脏穿刺组织活检的注意事项及对肾脏疾病的临床应用价值.方法 对320例肾脏疾病患者在超声引导经皮肾脏穿刺组织活检的成功率、不良反应及临床应用价值进行分析与评价.结果 320例肾脏活检取材670条,取材成功率99.0％,均能达到临床病理检查要求,在穿刺初期有4例出现血肿,穿刺后有16例肉眼血尿,总并发症发生率为6.3％,均无明显感染、大出血、肾周脏器损害等严重并发症发生.结论 超声引导经皮肾脏穿刺组织活检对了解肾脏疾病的病理类型,指导临床治疗及判断疾病预后有重要意义,超声引导是穿刺成功的关键.     

高频彩超引导下甲状腺穿刺活检术在甲状腺疾病中的应用研究

目的：研究高频彩超引导下甲状腺穿刺活检术在诊断并指导治疗甲状腺疾病中的临床应用价值。方法：使用Bard自动活检枪配套活检针,实时高频彩超引导下对116例甲状腺疾病患者进行经皮穿刺甲状腺活检术,每个病灶取材2-4次,标本送组织病理学检查。结果：穿刺116例患者,穿刺成功率为100．00％。穿刺活检结果与术后病理符合率为96．55％,无1例出现严重并发症。结论：高频彩超引导下甲状腺穿刺活检术,取材成功率高,与手术切除后病理诊断作比较,符合率高,无明显并发症,操作简便,价格经济便宜,患者容易接受,在诊断并指导治疗甲状腺疾病中具有重要的临床应用价值。     

经皮肾穿刺活检的超声引导技巧研究（附846例分析）

目的探讨经皮肾穿刺活检术的超声引导技巧,提高肾穿刺活检成功率,降低并发症。方法回顾分析我院846例应用自动活检枪在超声实时引导下行肾穿活检患者的临床资料,对肾穿刺针数、穿刺肾别、获取的肾小球数目及并发症的情况进行统计分析。结果846例患者1次2针穿刺成功825例（97．52％）,1次3针穿刺成功21例（2．48％）;活检肾小球10～20多个;795例（93．97％）行右肾穿刺,其余行左肾穿刺;并发腰痛及腰部不适126例（14．58％）,肾周血肿22例（2．60％）,一过性肉眼血尿18例（2．12％）,无穿刺所致的感染。结论选用自动活检枪切割式穿刺针,超声实时引导、准确定位对提高肾穿活检一次性成功率、降低并发症起决定性作用。     

Clinicopathological spectrum and treatment outcome of idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children at a tertiary care center

BackgroundIdiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (iSRNS) is a common problem in pediatric nephrology. About 10%–20% of children with nephrotic syndrome have iSRNS and almost 50 percent progress to end-stage renal disease. Very few studies have tried to study the histopathological spectrum, correlate clinical features, renal biopsy patterns and treatment outcome in children presenting with iSRNS in India. In this study, we compared the histopathologic distribution of different subtypes of glomerular morphologic patterns in iSRNS and the clinical and biochemical parameters at the time of diagnosis and outcome of patients after immunosuppressive therapy.MethodsIt is a retrospective cross-sectional study involving review of records of all children with iSRNS presenting to our pediatric nephrology OPD who underwent renal needle biopsy and followed-up for a period of atleast six months post biopsy. Histopathological subtypes were correlated with clinical features (viz. age of onset, gender, oliguria, microscopic hematuria, hypertension, serum creatinine at presentation, serum total protein, serum albumin, 24 h urine protein, persistent proteinuria after 12 weeks of calcineurin inhibitor therapy, and progress to end stage renal disease (ERSD), if any, outcome.ResultIt was found that minimal change disease (MCD) was overall the most common cause of iSRNS. These patients have a significantly greater incidence of remission with immunosuppression as compared with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and IgA nephropathy subgroup.ConclusionKidney biopsy is of prognostic value in children with iSRNS. The prognosis of children with SRNS owing to MCD is much better than with other nephropathy.     

BARD穿刺针活检对乳腺小叶增生病组织学诊断价值的探讨

目的 探讨粗针穿刺组织学检查(NCB)是否能明确对乳腺小叶增生病的组织学诊断.方法 对20例从手术切除的乳腺小叶增生病新鲜标本上立即应用BARD全自动活检枪和活检针作病灶活检,并与手术病理标本作对照.结果 20例手术病理标本的诊断,NCB标本仅1例与之符合,阳性率为5.00%.结论 用BARD全自动活检枪和活检针的NCB对于乳腺小叶增生病组织学诊断仍较困难.     

超声引导下芯针穿刺活检在小儿腹盆腔肿瘤中诊断价值

【】目的 探讨超声引导下芯针穿刺活检在小儿腹盆腔肿瘤中的诊断意义。方法 2013年4月-2016年4月我院收治的经临床或超声诊断出腹盆部肿块,并行超声引导下芯针穿刺活检的105例小儿患者。 结果 穿刺活检结果发现86例恶性肿瘤(其中有30例神经细胞瘤,15例肝母细胞瘤,11例肾母细胞瘤和6例原始神经外胚叶肿瘤/恶性小圆细胞瘤)和19例良性病灶(其中有10例成熟畸胎瘤,3例血管内皮细胞瘤,2例副神经节瘤和2例感染)。活检恶性肿瘤组86例患儿均经手术治疗或手术取材活检,其中有1例恶性小圆细胞瘤和2例成神经细胞瘤手术标本和穿刺活检病理诊断不一致(准确率96.5%)。穿刺活检良性肿瘤准确为100%。5例患儿穿刺活检手术后出现并发症,包括疼痛(2例),穿刺处出血(2例)和感染(1例)结论 超声引导下芯针穿刺活检是检测小儿腹盆腔肿瘤的有效、安全和微创的诊断方法。     

Pediatric renal biopsy: ambulatory versus overnight hospitalization

Renal biopsy may be safely performed on selected pediatric patients in an ambulatory care setting. In order to verify the safety of this new procedure, we performed 51 renal biopsies on an ambulatory care basis over a five-year period (from December 1993 to December 1998): twenty-eight biopsies on transplanted kidneys and twenty-three of native kidneys. During the same period, 56 renal biopsies were performed during a regular hospitalization of a minimum of 24 hours. We compared the two groups: Ambulatory procedure group and overnight hospitalization group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean age, adequacy of renal samples and complications such as post-biopsy pain or hematuria. After this encouraging experience, we are proposing the ambulatory procedure to all pediatric patients in our unit. Parents will be informed that if macroscopic hematuria is noted in the immediate post-biopsy period, hospitalization might be necessary.     

小儿三种肾穿刺方法成功率及并发症的比较

目的：比较用双人法（国产Menghini型负压式肾穿刺针）、双手法（半自动新型负压肾穿装置）和单手法（自动同步负压肾穿装置）小儿肾穿 刺的成功率及并发症。方法：采用双人法、双手法及单手法分别进行小儿肾穿刺69例（A组）、97例（B组）、96例（C组）。结果：三组肾穿刺的成功率分别为94．2％、93．8％、100％，A，B两组均低于C组（P＜0．05），A，B两组相比无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。肉眼血尿发生率分别为29．0％、15．5％、4．2％，A，B两组均高于C组（P＜0．01），A，B两组相比无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：小儿单手法肾穿刺成功率高、并发症少。     

Tru-cut型活检针在肾穿刺中的应用

目的应用Tru-cut型活检针在B超引导下行经皮肾穿刺活检术。方法选择符合肾穿刺适应证342例,其中肾功能不全9例,使用Tru-cut型活检针在B超引导下行经皮肾穿刺活检术,与Menghini穿刺针负压抽吸式124例相比较。结果 (1)Tru-cut型活检针取出肾小球数多,>10个小球达96.2%,成功率高;(2)出血为主要并发症,肉眼血尿发生率5.6%,肾周血肿2.6%,输血1 000 mL以上的严重出血并发症1例,占0.3%;(3)两种方法各有1例严重出血,均为CKD3期,血肌酐190~350μmol/L,尿蛋白3+,双肾长径9.2~9.6 cm,皮质厚度正常回声增强,病理诊断:硬化性肾炎。但有5例双肾长径9.5~13.4 cm,血肌酐700~1 200μmol/L,病理示:硬化性肾炎、纤维性新月体肾炎、Goodpasture综合征、出血热肾损害和骨髓瘤肾病,使用Tru-cut型活检针者仅表现为镜下血尿。结论 Tru-cut型活检针相对负压抽吸法单人操作,简便易学,取材质量高,并发症相似。肾功能不全不是穿刺禁忌证,双肾偏小者需谨慎。