精准保留左结肠动脉并根部淋巴结清扫的腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的疗效分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术中根据肠系膜下动脉(IMA)不同分型精准保留左结肠动脉(LCA)及根部淋巴结清扫的临床意义。方法:采用回顾性对比性的方法纳入2016年6月至2018年6月施行的72例腹腔镜下直肠癌根治术,其中38例根据IMA分型行精准保留LCA并廓清IMA根部淋巴结(保留LCA组),34例不保留LCA,行传统高位结扎术(高位结扎组);对比分析两组临床资料、围手术期疗效指标及术后恢复情况。结果:两组手术均顺利完成,无一例中转开腹,两组手术时间、术中出血量、预防性造口率及术后病理分期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组淋巴结清扫总数、阳性淋巴结数量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。保留LCA组术后1例发生吻合口出血,高位结扎组术后2例发生排尿功能障碍、2例吻合口漏,两组术后并发症总发生率分别为2.6%与11.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中保留LCA并清扫根部淋巴结可达到肿瘤根治效果,并能降低术后总并发症发生率,是安全、有效的。     

保留左结肠动脉的腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术

目的探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术中处理肠系膜下动脉(inferior mesenteric artery,IMA)时保留左结肠动脉(left colonic artery,LCA)的可行性及临床价值。方法回顾性分析我院2010年5月~2014年10月85例腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术的临床资料,其中保留LCA 44例,IMA根部结扎(不保留LCA)41例,比较2组临床病理资料、手术效果及术后并发症。结果 2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、第3站淋巴结清扫数目及转移率均无显著性差异(P0.05)。保留LCA组无游离脾曲及末端回肠造口,不保留LCA组6例游离脾曲(P=0.010),3例行末端回肠造口(P=0.108)。2组术后吻合口漏、复发、转移率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜低位直肠癌前切除术保留LCA可以保障近端结肠血运,保证第3站淋巴结根治性。     

肠系膜下动脉低位结扎及根部淋巴结廓清在腹腔镜低位前切除手术中的临床意义

目的:探讨腹腔镜低位前切除(low anterior resection,LAR)术中行肠系膜下动脉(inferior mesenteric artery,IMA)低位结扎及根部淋巴结廓清的临床意义。方法:2011年10月至2013年10月为114例直肠癌患者行腹腔镜LAR,随机分为对照组(n=55)与观察组(n=59)。观察组采用IMA低位结扎及根部淋巴结廓清;对照组采用IMA高位结扎术及根部淋巴结廓清。对比分析手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、吻合口漏发生率及术后首次通气时间。结果:手术时间、淋巴结清扫数量、吻合口漏发生率两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后首次通气时间观察组少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:LAR术中行IMA低位结扎及根部淋巴结廓清优于IMA高位结扎术及根部淋巴结廓清,具有推广应用的价值。     

保留左结肠动脉对腹腔镜中低位直肠癌根治术后吻合口漏的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助中低位直肠癌根治术中保留左结肠动脉(LCA)的肠系膜下动脉(IMA)低位结扎技术对术后吻合口漏的影响。方法:收集2019年1月至2020年12月收治的145例中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料。对比保留LCA的IMA低位结扎(LT)组(n=64)与不保留LCA的IMA高位结扎(HT)组(n=81)的临床疗效。结果:两组均顺利完成腹腔镜手术,无一例中转开腹。两组患者术前一般资料差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。LT组手术时间[(164.31±49.00)min vs.(138.00±35.72)min,P0.001]长于HT组;LT组与HT组253组淋巴结清扫总数[1(0,2) vs. 1(0,2),P=0.520]及术后乳糜瘘(3%vs. 0,P=0.193)、尿潴留(6.3%vs. 4.9%,P=1.000)、吻合口漏[4/64(6.3%)vs. 10/81(12.3%),P=0.217]发生率差异均无统计学意义,吻合口漏的分级两组差异亦无统计学意义(P=0.729)。结论:腹腔镜辅助中低位直肠癌根治术中,以根治为前提保留LCA可达到同样彻底的淋巴结清扫效果,不增加术后相关并发症,但手术时间可能更长,仍无法改善术后吻合口漏发生率及其分级。     

老年中低位直肠癌患者腹腔镜直肠前切除术中保留左结肠动脉的疗效分析

目的:探讨老年中低位直肠癌患者行腹腔镜直肠前切除术中保留左结肠动脉(LCA)的可行性及临床疗效。方法:回顾分析2016年1月至2019年12月66例行腹腔镜直肠前切除术的老年中低位直肠癌患者的临床资料,其中33例术中保留LCA(保留LCA组);33例术中行肠系膜下动脉根部结扎不保留LCA(不保留LCA组)。对比分析两组患者基本资料及术中、术后、随访、标本等相关指标。结果:保留LCA组术后排气时间[(56.45±22.06)h vs.(70.61±26.39)h]、术后住院时间[(11.03±3.56)d vs.(13.36±4.94)d]短于不保留LCA组(P0.05);两组手术时间、术中出血量、进食流质时间、253组淋巴结清扫数量、淋巴结清扫总数、术后总并发症发生率、吻合口漏发生率及短期随访指标差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:老年中低位直肠癌患者行腹腔镜直肠前切除术中保留LCA是安全、可行的,不影响肠系膜下动脉根部淋巴结的清扫、短期复发、转移、死亡率,且可缩短术后排气时间、术后住院时间,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中保留左结肠动脉对肠系膜下动脉3型直肠癌病人临床疗效及术后并发症的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中保留左结肠动脉(left colic artery, LCA)对肠系膜下动脉(inferior mesenteric artery,IMA)3型直肠癌病人疗效及术后吻合口漏的危险因素。方法 IMA3型直肠癌病人102例,根据手术治疗方式的不同分为分为研究组和对照组,研究组52例,采用腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中保留LCA治疗,对照组50例,采用腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中不保留LCA治疗,比较2组病人的临床疗效。结果研究组和对照组手术时间分别为(149.2±25.2)分钟和(145.8±22.5)分钟,住院时间分别为(11.8±2.4)天和(12.2±2.8)天,淋巴结清扫数目分别为(14.6±2.5)枚和(14.8±2.6)枚,IMA根部淋巴结清扫数分别为(3.2±1.3)枚和(3.0±1.5)枚,1年总生存率分别为88.1%和83.3%,复发或转移率分别为14.3%和11.9%,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P 0.05),肛门排气时间分别为(35.6±5.4)小时和(45.3±8.6)小时,术后吻合口漏发生率分别为1.9%和14.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),肠梗阻、尿潴留和泌尿系感染发生率分别为9.6%和12.0%、1.9%和4.0%、5.8%和8.0%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术前生活质量分别为(56.2±9.2)分和(56.5±10.5)分,术后分别为(78.8±12.2)分和(78.4±12.0)分,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论在保证临床安全及疗效的情况下,腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中保留LCA可有效降低IMA3型病人术后吻合口漏的发生率。     

腹腔镜下直肠癌前切除术中保留左结肠动脉的意义

目的探讨腹腔镜下直肠癌前切除手术中保留左结肠动脉(left colonic artery,LCA)的可操作性及近期疗效。方法回顾性分析武汉科技大学附属孝感医院收治的129例实施腹腔镜直肠癌前切除术病人的临床资料,根据术中是否保留LCA分为保留LCA组(51例)和不保留LCA组(78例),比较两组病人术中、术后情况的变化。结果两组病人在术中出血量、分离脾区数、清扫第253组淋巴结数、预防性造瘘数、吻合口漏发生率等方面差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。保留LCA组手术时间长于不保留LCA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);保留LCA组术后肛门首次排气时间短于不保留LCA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜直肠癌手术中保留LCA不影响肠系膜下动脉根部淋巴结清扫,可降低吻合口漏发生的风险和减少术后通气时间,有临床应用价值。     

肠系膜下动脉高位与低位结扎合并根部淋巴结清扫在腹腔镜低位直肠癌根治术中的近期疗效对比

目的探讨肠系膜下动脉(IMA)低位结扎与高位结扎并根部淋巴结清扫在腹腔镜低位直肠癌根治术中的应用,并比较其手术疗效。方法 2015年4月～2018年1月我院肛肠外科收治的低位直肠癌接受腹腔镜直肠癌根治术病人92例,按照术中IMA结扎方式分为高位组(52例)和低位组(40例),比较两组手术时间、失血量、IMA根部淋巴结清扫数目、住院时间、术后并发症发生率及排便功能等。结果两组手术时间分别为(142.24±20.25)分钟和(146.24±22.64)分钟,失血量分别为(40.36±6.18)ml和(44.66±7.22)ml,淋巴结清扫数目分别为(14.24±2.18)枚和(13.94±2.07)枚,住院时间分别为(11.49±3.14)天和(12.48±3.85)天,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);低位组和高位组首次排气时间分别为(36.63±2.78)小时和(44.48±4.21)小时,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。低位组术后3个月、6个月排便功能评分优于高位组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。低位组吻合口漏发生率为2.5%(1/40),低于高位组的5.78%(3/52),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。低位组术后尿失禁或性功能障碍发生率17.5%(7/40),高于高位组的7.69%(4/52),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。其余各术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论两种结扎方式在腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中具有相同疗效,但低位结扎对排便功能影响小,吻合口漏发生率低,具有更好的近期疗效。     

腹腔镜直肠癌根治术保留左结肠动脉关键技术与意义

腹腔镜直肠癌根治术保留左结肠动脉是近年临床上争议的热点,也有其发展的过程。前腹腔镜时代直肠癌手术更多的是低位结扎肠系膜下动脉(IMA),保留或不保留左结肠动脉(LCA),一般不清扫系膜根部淋巴结(253组),近年随着手术越来越规范,更多的强调行253组淋巴结清扫,为了手术方便多行IMA根部离断,不保留LCA,同时带来一系列临床问题的探讨,又提出保留左结肠动脉直肠癌根治术。本文列举腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中保留左结肠动脉的要求、关键技术、以及临床意义,更多的是结合自己的体会,认为保留左结肠动脉一定要在根治的前提下,在腹腔镜下更易做好,该术式改进有很多优点和重要的临床意义。     

肠系膜下动脉不同处理方式对直肠癌根治术影响的对比研究

目的探讨肠系膜下动脉（IMA）低位结扎与高位结扎并根部淋巴结廓清对直肠癌根治术的意义。方法对2007年5月—2008年5月收治的156例直肠癌患者进行回顾性分析,低位结扎组80例,高位结扎组76例。低位结扎组采用肠系膜下动脉低化结扎并根部淋巴结廓清,高位结扎组采用肠系膜下动脉高位结扎斤根部淋巴结廓清。比较两组IMA根部淋巴结转移率、淋巴结清扫数量、复发率、5年生存牢及并发症发病率,并进行统计学分析。结果低位结扎组IMA根部淋巴结转移率为15．0％,高位结扎组IMA根部淋巴结转移率为14．5％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;对比两组术后复发率、5年生存率、吻合口瘘、性功能障碍和尿潴留的发病率,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;低位结扎组肠道功能恢复时间、低位直肠前切除综合征的发病率低于高位结扎组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肠系膜下动脉低位结扎并根部淋巴结廓清可达到直肠癌根治。与传统IMA高位结扎相比,对患苦的复发率、5年生存率及并发症发病率无影响。     

Reconstruction of the hepatic artery using the gastroduodenal artery

Although injury of the hepatic artery is not common during the performance of biliary and pancreatic resections, the hepatic artery if involved by tumor extension can be injured during its dissection.Several methods for reconstruction of the hepatic artery have been described and although each technique is applicable in a specific situation, autologous tissue conduits are preferable in contaminated operative fields. We report here another transposition technique to reconstruct the proper hepatic artery using the gastroduodenal artery, which may provide a local autologous artery for repair of hepatic artery damage during pancreaticoduodenectomy.     

胃十二指肠－右肾动脉旁路转流术治疗肾动脉狭窄

作者采用自体大隐静脉间置移植，作胃十二指肠动脉旁路转流术，治疗肾动脉狭窄、肾血管性高血压１例。术后随访１年，取得良好控制高血压疗效。作者认为，间置自体大隐静脉的内径不应小于０．４ｃｍ，吻合后移植大隐静脉段无张力。防止受压、成角、扭曲以及缩短缺血时间，是保护肾脏功能和使手术取得成功的关键。     

Anomalous origin of the pulmonary artery from the right coronary artery

A 5-year-old boy who had an anomalous origin of a stenotic pulmonary artery from the right coronary artery with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary atresia is reported. The diagnosis was made at operation. Successful repair was achieved for the complex anomaly by using a pulmonary artery homograft as a conduit and closing the ventricular septal defect.     

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery

A case of anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in a 73-year-old man is presented. The patient had been suffering from chronic heart failure with mitral and tricuspid regurgitation and atrial fibrillation for two years. Surgical repair was performed successfully, including ligation of the right coronary artery and coronary arterial bypass with a radial artery graft.     

Anomalous origin of the ophthalmic artery from the anterior cerebral artery

A 39-year-old woman presented with left visual disturbance and diplopia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-enhanced tumor in the left tentorium, cavernous sinus, and suprasellar region. Angiography demonstrated an abnormal origin of the ophthalmic artery from the anterior cerebral artery. The tumor was partially removed by left frontotemporal craniotomy with orbitozygomatic osteotomy. Intraoperatively, the anomalous origin of the ophthalmic artery was confirmed. This anatomical variation is extremely rare.     

Agenesis of the left internal carotid artery with an ophthalmic artery arising from the posterior communicating artery

A case of agenesis of left internal carotid artery is reported. The patient is a forty one-year-old house-wife with sudden episode of headache when she had a fever. CT scan of the head showed a small high density area in the right frontotemporal subcortical region. Four vessel cerebral angiography demonstrated negative lesion except for complete absence of the left internal carotid artery. The blood supply to the left cerebral hemisphere was provided both through the tortuous anterior communicating artery and through the enlarged left posterior communicating artery. Left ophthalmic artery arose from the left posterior communicating artery. The embryological developmental process of this kind of vascular anomaly as well as the relationship between intravascular hemodynamic stress and the induction of cerebral aneurysm were discussed in detail.     

Use of the gastroduodenal artery in right renal artery revascularization

Of 15 patients having revascularization of the right renal artery with the use of the hepatic circulation from May 1984 through March 1987 at the Massachusetts General Hospital, eight patients had this accomplished with end-to-end anastomosis of the gastroduodenal artery and right renal artery. Operative indications were acute azotemic renal failure (three patients), poorly controlled renovascular hypertension (four patients), and staged repair of bilateral renal artery disease (one patient). All revascularizations were successful in restoring renal function or rendering hypertension manageable and were assessed by means of renal flow scans, celiac angiography, or return of function in those patients with a solitary, functioning kidney. All patients survived the operation with one late death caused by myocardial infarction after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. The gastroduodenal artery may be used as the source for arterial inflow in revascularization of the right renal artery by end-to-end anastomosis in approximately 50% of instances, conferring the advantage of the use of only one anastomosis and obviating the long-term possibility of vein graft failure.