流行性出血热患者活检肝脏的抗原定位和超微病理研究

采用免疫胶体金标记技术和低温包埋与常规电镜观察相结合的方法，研究了EHF患者活检脏标本，首次发现肝细胞内的EHF病毒，证实病毒可侵袭肝实质细胞。在早期患者肝锹氏间隙内见到Ag-Ab合物，认为早期患者体内也存在免疫复合物反应。同时发现以肝细胞膜、内质网、线粒体等膜性结构损伤特征的细胞损害，证明了病毒对肝脏的直接损伤作用。由此EHF的发病机理提出了新的学说。     

流行性出血热患者肝、肾组织免疫复合物检测及其意义

对流行性出血热患者尸检肝脏及肾脏各2例，进行了组织病理与免疫病理研究。流行性出血热患者肝脏细胞有超微结构损伤，在肝细胞及肝窦内皮细胞中可检出特异性病毒抗原，并可见IgG、IgM沉积的免疫荧光。肾组织中肾小管损伤明显，肾小球也有不同程度病变，在肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞，肾小管上皮细胞基底膜及肾间质内可检出病毒抗原及IgG、IgM、C3。上述结果表明特异性免疫复合物在流行性出血热患者肝、肾损害中起到重要作用，但是病毒的直接作用也不可忽视。     

流行性出血热患者血小板损伤原因的初步探讨

流行性出血热患者血小板损伤的原因仍众说不一。作者采用荧光抗体技术,对流行性出血热(EHF)血小板表面各种免疫成份进一步观察。发现EHF患者血小板未查出传代的病毒,而血小板表面有EHF     

自然杀伤细胞的抗体依赖性细胞毒效应在丙型肝炎病毒感染中的作用

自2005年丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)病毒体外培养[1]获得成功至今,HCV感染相关研究取得较大进展。大量研究显示,HCV感染所致的免疫损伤是引起肝内炎症的主要原因。一直以来,对HCV病毒性肝炎免疫应答的研究主要集中在适应性免疫应答,而固有免疫介导的抗HCV作用机制仍不清楚。人体肝脏内含有大量的固有免疫细胞,如NK细胞、NK T细胞、γδT细胞等,此类细胞约占整个肝脏淋巴细胞的2/3。其中NK细胞群占     

EHF免疫血清对EHF患者体液免疫反应及循环免疫复合物的影响

本文用流行性出血热(EHF)恢复期免疫血清和正常人血清,对双盲法对照治疗的EHF患者血清特异性IgG及循环免疫复合物(CIC)进行了系统的动态观察和比较,发现免疫血清组EHF-IgG抗体及CIC皆较正常血清对照组低。说明治疗后患者体内特异性免疫水平降低,免疫复合物形成减少,有利于病情改善。我们对100例EHF患者,用EHF患者恢复期免疫血清及正常人血清双盲法对照治疗时,作了系统的EHF-IgG及CIC的动态观察,以研究免疫血清对EHF患者体液免疫反应及CIC的影响,结果如下。     

肥大细胞、5羟色胺、降钙素及免疫复合物在流行性出血热肺组织内分布的研究

目的 探讨流行性出血热的发病机制。方法 应用组织化学、免疫组织化学等方法对10例流行性出血热尸检肺组织以及5例非EHF尸检肺组织中的肥大细胞、5羟色胺、降钙素、免疫复合物进行检测。结果 EHF肺组织内MC数目显著增多;5－HT阳性物质含量较对照组明显增多,且多分布于肺内小血管及毛细血管周围,肺泡腔内脱落上皮细胞及水肿液内5－HT亦为阳性;CT阳性物质多沿肺血管平滑肌分布;IgE免疫复合物均为阴性,而IgM、IgG免疫复合物则为弥漫阳性,主要沉积于肺泡壁毛细血管基底膜。结论 EHF肺内神经内分泌细胞、肥大细胞、免疫活性物质共同参与EHF肺内血管通透性增加等病理改变。     

紫外线照射血液疗法对流行性出血热患者红细胞免疫粘附功能的影响

紫外线照射血液(UIB)疗法具有灭活病毒及其毒素、调整机体免疫功能、纠正组织缺氧状态和改善微循环等作用,对流行性出血热(EHF)疗效显著。为深入探讨疗效机理,我们采用体外及随机对照治疗实验,观察UIB对EHF患者红细胞粘附循环免疫复合物(CIC)功能的影响。     

流行性出血热病毒Vero-E6细胞病变株的分离和鉴定

从EHF患者血清中分离到8株EHF病毒,在E 6细胞中传代适应过程中,发现有5株EHF病毒分别在第4～10代出现规律的细胞病变(CPE),对其中两个CPE株(HFN-04和-19)进行了一系列特异性鉴定试验。实验结果表明:(1)病毒的CPE发展与病毒增殖动态完全一致;(2)CPE株的主要生物学和理化性状均符合EHF病毒;(3)用CPE株病毒感染细胞抗原片检测EHF患者双份血清,其恢复期血清抗体均呈4倍以上增高反应;(4)病毒的CPE可被患者血清及EHF、KHF免疫血清所中和,不能被正常兔血清和Reo病毒1—3型多价血清所中和;(5)CPE株病毒感染的E_6细胞几乎能完全吸收EHF患者血清及EHF、KHF抗血清中的特异性抗体;(6)CPE株病毒感染鼠脑悬液与EHF病毒A9株McAb25-1致敏血球呈阳性血凝反应。据此,首次证实了EHF病毒至少有部分毒株能引起E_6细胞规律性CPE。EHF病毒CPE株的发现为EHF的诊断和防治工作提供了有利条件。     

流行性出血热孕妇流产胎儿脏器中病毒抗原分布的免疫组化研究

应用免疫荧光和免疫酶技术,在一例患流行性出血热(EHF)孕妇流产胎儿的肝、肾、肺、心、胸腺、肾上腺、脑垂体等组织及胎盘、脐带中发现EHF病毒抗原,并可见相应组织的病理改变。以上说明EHF病毒对人胎同样具有泛嗜性感染的特性。     

损害肝脏健康的因素

<正>肝脏健康,平时需要注意些什么。希望通过以下介绍,广大群众及患者能意识到保护肝脏的重要性,爱肝护肝,拥抱健康。1.酒酒主要成分是酒精,就是乙醇,对肝脏有直接毒性作用,其次,乙醇在肝内代谢后产生乙醛,乙醛与蛋白质结合成为乙醛蛋白质复合物,该物质可引发肝脏的免疫损伤,从而导致酒精性肝病,     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.