来氟米特联合甲泼尼龙治疗IgA肾病的疗效观察

目的评价来氟米特联合甲泼尼龙治疗IgA肾病的疗效和安全性。 方法收集2008年12月至2016年10月在中国人民解放军总医院肾脏病科诊断为IgA肾病的患者75例,分别观察吗替麦考酚酯联合甲泼尼龙(MMF组,44例)与来氟米特联合甲泼尼龙(LEF组,31例)治疗IgA肾病的疗效和安全性。 结果两组患者基线资料无统计学差异(P>0.05)。分别治疗2、6、10个月之后,患者24 h尿蛋白定量显著减低,血清白蛋白水平得到明显改善。但两组间的2、6、10个月后的缓解率(20.45% vs 29.03%、70.45% vs 77.42%、72.73% vs 83.87%)和完全缓解率(9.09% vs 6.45%、38.64% vs 45.16%、40.91% vs 48.39%)、24 h尿蛋白定量、血清白蛋白、肌酐、复发率[4例(9.09%) vs 1例(3.23%)]以及不良反应[6例(13.64%) vs 4例(12.9%)]无统计学差异的意义(P>0.05)。 结论来氟米特联合甲泼尼龙与吗替麦考酚酯结合甲泼尼龙疗效相当,是治疗IgA肾病的安全有效方案之一。     

来氟米特联合中小剂量糖皮质激素治疗慢性进展性IgA肾病的疗效及安全性分析

目的评价来氟米特联合中小剂量糖皮质激素治疗慢性进展性IgA肾病的疗效及安全性。 方法用PubMed、Cochrane图书馆和中国知网全文数据库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊维普数据库(VIP)、万方数据库检索来氟米特联合中小剂量糖皮质激素治疗慢性进展性IgA肾病的随机对照试验(RCTs),按照Cochrane中工具对符合标准的文献进行质量评价和Meta分析。 结果共检索出53篇文献,其中中文文献39篇,英文文献14篇,通过查重去除18篇,通过阅读题名及文献摘要去除综述、会议论文及回顾性分析15篇,通过阅读全文去除非RCTs及质量差的文献,最终纳入7篇RCTs,385例患者。 结论(1)来氟米特联合中小剂量糖皮质激素与常规应用糖皮质激素相比,能降低患者24 h尿蛋白定量,改善肾小球滤过率,并且不会增加患者近期不良反应;(2)与环磷酰胺联合糖皮质激素相比,疗效相当,但可明显减少患者不良反应的发生率。     

来氟米特联合糖皮质激素治疗IgA肾病的临床研究

目的 观察应用来氟米特（Leflunomide,LEF）联合激素治疗IgA肾病的疗效和安全性.方法 选择IgA肾病患者63例,分为LEF合并激素治疗组（LEF组）及大剂量激素治疗组（激素组）,观察治疗前和治疗6个月、12个月后的24 h尿蛋白定量、血清白蛋白、肾小球率过滤（eGFR）、收缩压、舒张压等实验室指标的变化,并进行疗效评价.结果 LEF组和激素组治疗6个月和12个月后的24 h尿蛋白定量、收缩压、舒张压均较治疗前显著下降（P＜0.05）,血清白蛋白水平较治疗前显著升高（P＜0.05）,2组eGFR变化均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）.治疗12个月后LEF组的总有效率明显高于激素组（P＜0.05）,而完全缓解率和部分缓解率的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,2组不良反应无显著性差异（P＞0.05）.结论 LEF联合激素可以作为治疗IgA肾病的选择之一,且安全、有效.     

鱼油治疗IgA肾病的Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析的方法评价鱼油治疗IgA肾病的疗效,为临床实践提供理论依据。 方法 计算机检索Cochrane 图书馆、PubMed、EMBASE、中国知网等数据库。文献检索起止时间均从建库至2009年9月,收集鱼油治疗IgA肾病的随机对照试验（RCT）,提取资料后使用Revman 软件5.0进行数据分析。 结果 共纳入6个研究,包括258例对象。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组比较,鱼油组蛋白尿水平下降,差异有统计学意义[SMD=-0.27,95%CI（-0.52~-0.03）,P=0.03];鱼油组肾小球滤过率（GFR）下降,差异有统计学意义[SMD=0.30,95%CI（0.05~0.55）,P=0.02]。 结论 鱼油虽可以降低IgA肾病患者的蛋白尿,但并不能维持肾功能稳定。     

认知行为疗法对抑郁孕妇干预效果的Meta分析

目的评价认知行为疗法对抑郁孕妇的干预效果。方法检索有关认知行为疗法对抑郁孕妇干预效果的国内外随机对照研究,采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入9篇随机对照研究,637例抑郁孕妇。认知行为疗法能降低抑郁孕妇产前抑郁[SMD=-0.66,95%CI(-1.01,-0.31),P=0.000]、焦虑[MD=-2.82,95%CI(-4.32,-1.33),P=0.002]、压力[SMD=-0.46,95%CI(-0.75,-0.17),P=0.002],能改善孕妇产后4个月内的抑郁症状[SMD=-0.52,95%CI(-1.02,-0.03),P=0.04],但对产后4个月后抑郁症状的改善效果不明显。结论认知行为疗法可能有助于改善抑郁孕妇产前抑郁、压力以及焦虑情绪,但对产后4个月后抑郁症状的改善效果尚不明确。     

Meta-analysis: the efficacy and safety of combined treatment with ARB and ACEI on diabetic nephropathy

Abstract

Objective: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) reduce proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Some studies have suggested that dual blockade of the renin–angiotensin system provides additive benefits in DN but others showed increased adverse events. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy for DN. Methods: Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and CNKI. All trials involved ACEI?+?ARB (combination therapy), and ACEI or ARB alone (monotherapy) for DN. The outcomes measured were urinary total proteinuria (UTP), urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), hyperkalemia, hypotension, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Results: In the 32 included trials, 2596 patients received combination therapy and 3947 received monotherapy. UTP and UAER were significantly reduced by combined treatment compared with monotherapy. It was notable that low doses of combination therapy reduced UTP more than high doses. Serum creatinine, GFR, and ESRD were not significantly different between the two groups. In severe DN, the occurrence of hyperkalemia and AKI were higher with combination therapy. However, in mild DN, the prevalence of hyperkalemia and AKI were the same in both the groups. In mild DN, the occurrence of hypotension was higher with combination therapy; however, in severe DN, it was not different between the two groups. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that combination therapy can be used on DN with proteinuria, but should be used with caution in those with decreased renal function, especially with severe renal failure.     

Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil in treatment of IgA nephropathy: a systematic review

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in treatment of IgA nephropathy. Methods The Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, CNKI and VIP were searched from the time when the databases were established to March 31, 2018. Reports on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on treating IgAN with MMF were collected. Data were extracted and assessed independently by three reviewers and the methodological quality of included RCTs was assessed by the Cochrane collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. The Meta analysis of homogeneous RCTs was managed by using Stata 12.0. Results Nine RCTs, of which two RCTs were assessed as A-level studies scoring from 4 to 7 points, six RCTs were assessed as B-level studies scoring from 2 to 3 points, and one RCT was assessed as C-level study with scores less than 2 points, were enrolled in the study. Important outcomes of this systematic review were described as follows: (1) Compared to placebo plus ACEI/ARB or ACEI/ARB monotherapy, MMF plus ACEI/ARB did not reduce the incidence of increased serum creatinine and ESRD, but increased the partial remission rate of urinary protein (OR=2.59, 95%CI 1.01-6.65, P=0.049. (2) No significant difference was detected in the efficacy of reducing urinary protein for MMF monotherapy or MMF plus glucocorticoid (GC) compared to GC monotherapy. (3) MMF showed no significant difference in the efficacy of reducing urinary protein compared to LEF or CTX, but lower incidence rate of serum creatinine increasing than that of CTX group (OR=0.21, 95%CI 0.04-1.07, P=0.043. (4) Different levels of adverse reactions occurred in each treatment group with MMF, but most symptoms were mild, and recovered gradually after reducing or withdrawing MMF. Conclusions MMF monotherapy shows a superiority in curing IgAN compared to ACEI/ARB, but no significant superiority compared to GC. MMF can replace a part of the effect of GC when used in combination with GC and can reduce the dosage of GC compared to GC monotherapy. Additionally, MMF displays no better short-term efficacy than LEF or CTX, but a better long-term efficacy and fewer side effects than CTX. And the side effects occurred in the treatment groups with MMF are mostly mild, and disappear gradually after reducing or stopping the use of the drug. MMF is a safe and effective drug for the treatment of IgAN.     

鱼油治疗IgA肾病的Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析的方法评价鱼油治疗IgA肾病的疗效,为临床实践提供理论依据.方法 计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、EMBASE、中国知网等数据库.文献检索起止时间均从建库至2009年9月,收集鱼油治疗IgA肾病的随机对照试验(RCT),提取资料后使用Revman软件5.0进行数据分析.结果 共纳入6个研究,包括258例对象.Meta分析结果显示,与对照组比较,鱼油组蛋白尿水平下降,差异有统计学意义[SMD=-0.27,95%CI(-0.52～-0.03),P=0.03];鱼油组肾小球滤过率(GFR)下降,差异有统计学意义[SMD=0.30,95%CI(0.05～0.55),P=0.02].结论 鱼油虽可以降低IgA肾病患者的蛋白尿,但并不能维持肾功能稳定.     

鱼油治疗IgA肾病的Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析的方法评价鱼油治疗IgA肾病的疗效,为临床实践提供理论依据.方法 计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、EMBASE、中国知网等数据库.文献检索起止时间均从建库至2009年9月,收集鱼油治疗IgA肾病的随机对照试验(RCT),提取资料后使用Revman软件5.0进行数据分析.结果 共纳入6个研究,包括258例对象.Meta分析结果显示,与对照组比较,鱼油组蛋白尿水平下降,差异有统计学意义[SMD=-0.27,95%CI(-0.52～-0.03),P=0.03];鱼油组肾小球滤过率(GFR)下降,差异有统计学意义[SMD=0.30,95%CI(0.05～0.55),P=0.02].结论 鱼油虽可以降低IgA肾病患者的蛋白尿,但并不能维持肾功能稳定.     

西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍的有效性:中文文献的meta分析

目的评价西地那非治疗ED的有效性。方法通过中国生物医学文摘光盘(CBMdisc 2004新版)和清华同方数据库中CHKD期刊全文库检索公开发表的中文文献。凡摘要或方法中出现随机对照字样,无论有无盲法均予纳入。对纳入的试验设计特征用Jadad计分评价。以IIEF中Q3和Q4评分及IIEF总评分为疗效指标,采用RevMan4．1软件进行Meta分析。结果共有9个随机对照试验被纳入。其中6个为Jadad计分3分以上高质量试验。5个试验的IIEF Q3和Q4评分meta分析,OR=8．83,95％CI为(6．67,11．69),P<0．0001。4个高质量试验的IIEF总评分meta分析OR=13．76,95％CI为(9．50,19．92),P<0．0001。显示西地那非能够显著提高ED患者的疗效指标。结论西地那非能有效改善男性勃起功能,是一种有效治疗ED的口服药物。     

Meta-analysis of antiplatelet therapy for IgA nephropathy

Background Antiplatelet agents have been widely used in the management of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy in the Japanese population. To systematically evaluate the effects of antiplatelet agents for IgA nephropathy, we conducted a meta-analysis of the published studies. Methods Data sources consisted of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Ityu-shi (Japanese medical database), and bibliographies from the studies. The quality of the studies was evaluated from the intention to treat analysis and allocation concealment, as well as by the Jadad method. Meta-analyses were performed on the outcomes of proteinuria and renal function. Results Seven articles met the predetermined inclusion criteria. The use of antiplatelet agents showed statistically significant effects on proteinuria and renal function. The pooled risk ratio for proteinuria was 0.61 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.39–0.94) and for renal function it was 0.74 (95% CI 0.63–0.87). Conclusions Antiplatelet agents resulted in reduced proteinuria and protected renal function in patients with IgA nephropathy. However, studies of high-quality design were rare, and most studies assessed surrogate outcomes. More properly designed studies are needed to reach a definitive assessment of this matter.     

Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment for IgA nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - IgA nephropathy is virtually known as the most common glomerulopathy to end-stage renal failure in the world. Mycophenolate mofetil is a selective...     

The comprehensive analysis of clinical trials registration for IgA nephropathy therapy on ClinicalTrials.gov

ObjectivesIgA Nephropathy (IgAN) is common chronic kidney disease with a high incidence. This study aims to analyze comprehensively therapeutic clinical trials for IgAN registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.MethodsTherapeutic trials for IgAN registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. up to 15 August 2021 were obtained. The general characteristics, features of experimental design, treatment strategies, and some main inclusion criteria and outcome measures were accessed.ResultsA total of 104 therapeutic clinical trials for IgAN were extracted on ClinicalTrials.gov up to 15 August 2021. Most of these trials explored the treatment for primary IgAN confirmed by renal biopsy in adults. Only 9% of all selected trials had results. Forty-five percent of trials recruited 50 or fewer participants, and 73% were adults or older adults. 99% of trials were interventional studies, and of all the interventional trials, 70% of trials were randomized, and 68% exercised a parallel assignment of intervention model. Immunosuppression was the most studied for the treatment of IgAN. Moreover, many novel agents had been increasingly studied in recent years. Furthermore, the inclusion criteria and primary outcome measures in these trials were diverse, and the level of proteinuria and change of proteinuria levels were the most used as inclusion criteria and primary outcome, respectively.ConclusionsThe majority of therapeutic trials for IgAN were randomized, none masking and parallel-assignment interventional studies, primarily recruiting adult patients as research subjects. These trials had relatively small sample sizes and short observation. Thus, more large-scale, multicenter, and randomized controlled trials are still needed to improve the management for IgAN.     

Combined treatment with renin-angiotensin system blockers and polyunsaturated fatty acids in proteinuric IgA nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial

Background. Currently, several therapeutic protocols exist forIgA nephropathy (IgAN); results in slowing the progression toend-stage renal disease (ESRD) are variable, but 30–40%of patients require replacement therapy (dialysis or renal transplantation)by 20 years from the onset. The adverse effects brought by thechronic assumption of drugs can be a potential limit. Actually,the most used therapies for IgAN are renin–angiotensinsystem blockers (RASB), glucocorticoids and immunosuppressiveagents. Trials with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in IgANhave been done since the first successful attempt by Hamazakiin 1984, resulting in alternate answers, but no trials haveever been done testing the efficacy of combined therapy withRASB and PUFA. Methods. We tested the effect of a 6-month course of PUFA (3grams/day) in a group of 30 patients with biopsy-proven IgANand proteinuria already treated with RASB randomized to receivePUFA supplementation or to continue their standard therapy.The primary end-point was the percent reduction of proteinuriafrom the baseline. Secondary end-points were modifications inglomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood pressure, serum triglyceridesand erythrocyturia. Results. At the end of the 6-month trial, the percent reductionof proteinuria was 72.9% in the PUFA group and 11.3% in theRASB group (P < 0.001). A reduction of 50% of baseline proteinuriawas achieved in 80.0% of PUFA patients and 20.0% of RASB patients(P = 0.002). Erythrocyturia was significantly lower in the PUFAgroup (P = 0.031). No significant changes in renal function,blood pressure and triglycerides were observed. Conclusions. PUFA associated with RASB reduced proteinuria inpatients with IgAN more than RASB alone.     

Hydroxychloroquine in IgA nephropathy: a systematic review

BackgroundHydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has recently been reported to be a promising and safe anti-proteinuric agent for IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients. In the present systematic review, we aimed to summarize the evidence concerning the benefits and risks of HCQ therapy in IgAN.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for randomized, cohort, or case-control studies with IgAN biopsy-proven patients comparing the effects of HCQ with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers or immunosuppression on proteinuria reduction.ResultsFive studies, one randomized and three observational, involving a total of 504 patients, were eligible for inclusion. Overall, there was a tendency of HCQ treatment to reduce proteinuria. In the studies where the control arm was supportive therapy, HCQ significantly reduced proteinuria at 6 months. However, in the studies that compared HCQ to immunosuppressive therapy, we found no difference in proteinuria reduction. HCQ had no impact on eGFR.ConclusionHCQ seems to be an efficient alternative therapy for patients with IgAN who insufficiently respond to conventional therapy. However, ethnically diverse randomized controlled studies with long-term follow-up are needed.     

Plasma exchange combined with immunosuppressive treatment in a child with rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy

Although diffuse crescentic formation in immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, histologically characterized by extensive extracapillary proliferation, is assumed to have a poor prognosis, there has still been no established treatment because of the low prevalence of the condition, especially in pediatric patients. This paper reports on a 5-year-old boy with rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy requiring dialysis for 1 month. He had been treated with plasma exchange (PE) combined with immunosuppressive treatment, including steroids and mizoribine, because renal function deteriorated rapidly despite initial treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse. The histological findings at that time revealed IgA nephropathy, with large circumferential cellular crescent formation in approximately 80% of the glomeruli. Three weeks after PE initiation, serum levels of creatinine and IgA-containing immune complexes returned to normal, and urinary protein excretion gradually decreased. The second renal biopsy taken 7 months later demonstrated mild IgA nephropathy with small fibrocellular crescents. This case report indicates that PE combined with immunosuppressive treatment may benefit children with rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy, even when extensive crescent formations are present.     

IgA肾病合并高尿酸血症患者的临床病理分析

目的探讨IgA肾病合并高尿酸血症患者的临床及病理变化的特点,以期揭示IgA肾病伴有高尿酸血症的临床意义。方法回顾性分析2006年6月至2012年12月厦门大学附属中山医院肾内科收治的270例经肾活检确诊的原发性IgA肾病患者,依据血尿酸水平,将270例IgA肾病患者分为高尿酸血症组和尿酸正常组,测定记录所有患者的性别、发病年龄、收缩期血压、24 h尿蛋白定量、血尿酸、血肌酐、血白蛋白、血脂等临床指标,所有患者均进行肾脏病理检查并行Lee分级,统计分析2组的临床和病理特点,并对肾功能正常患者(135例)的病理指标进一步行亚组分析。结果IgA肾病患者高尿酸血症的患病率为25.19%,高尿酸血症组患者年龄、血白蛋白、血三酰甘油、血清总胆固醇水平与尿酸正常组比较,差异无统计学意义,患者男性比例、收缩期血压、24 h尿蛋白定量、血肌酐水平均高于尿酸正常组(P0.05),高尿酸血症组患者肾脏病理Lee分级严重的比例及发生肾小管间质病变、肾内动脉病变的比例均高于尿酸正常组(P0.05)。正常肾功能患者中,高尿酸血症组出现动脉壁肥厚等肾内动脉病变及肾小管间质慢性病变的比例亦高于尿酸正常组(P0.05)。结论 IgA肾病合并高尿酸血症患者与尿酸正常组患者比较,临床表现及肾脏病理损伤多较重,尤其对肾小管间质病变及肾内血管病变影响更明显,临床预后不佳,应予重视并及时有效地进行干预治疗。