上胸段脊柱病变的前路与后路手术治疗

目的观察比较前、后手术入路治疗上胸段脊柱病变的疗效。方法选择上胸段脊柱病变56例,其中肿瘤27例,结核23例,陈旧性外伤6例,分别经前、后路病灶切除减压、植骨,大部分(48例)辅以内固定。随访6～48个月。结果本组均安全度过围手术期,3例术后发生乳糜漏,4例出现喉返神经牵拉伤所致一过性声音嘶哑,4例出现一过性膈神经刺激引起的呃逆症状。48例术后神经功能有不同程度改善,8例无明显改善。随访期间1例于1个月后双侧肺炎死亡,2例局部肿瘤复发,2例局部结核复发,1例肿瘤细胞全身转移死亡。均无断钉及内固定脱落。结论对上胸段脊柱病变正确选择应用前、后入路手术可暴露病变部位,彻底清除病灶。     

Surgical management for upper thoracic spine tumors by a transmanubrium approach and a new space

The anterior aspect of the upper thoracic spine is a difficult region to approach in spinal surgery. Many vital structures including osseus, articular, vascular and nervous ones hinder the exposure. With increasing frequency, spine surgeons are being asked to provide decompression and stabilization in patients with spinal tumors .The traditional exposure is between the esophagus and trachea medially and the left common carotid or the brachiocephalic artery (BCA) laterally, and the disadvantages were that the ligation and section of the left innominate vein is proposed to reach T4 and the injury of the thoracic duct could occur. The right space of the BCA or the ascending aorta (AA) (the exposure between the right brachiocephalic vein and the BCA or between the AA and superior caval vein) is recommended in exposing the upper thoracic vertebrae; this new space is technically feasible; the exposure is sufficient for vertebral body resection and reconstruction and fixation. Twenty-eight patients with upper thoracic spine tumors underwent surgery by the use of this new space between June 2000 and October 2005. A strut graft was fixed anteriorly after decompression of the spinal cord. Levels C7–T5 can be well exposed through this new space, allowing complete vertebral body removal at level T1–T4. After body removal, the posterior longitudinal ligament is well exposed, allowing complete release of the spinal cord. Curettage was performed in one case of aneurysmal bone cyst and three cases of bone giant cell tumors. For other tumors, vertebrectomies or sagittal resections were performed. Four patients underwent surgery by a combination of anterior and posterior approach.     

早期后路椎管减压伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗中上胸椎骨折脱位

目的探讨早期后路椎管减压伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗中上胸椎骨折脱位伴脊髓损伤的临床效果。方法对41例中上胸椎骨折脱位患者49椎采用早期后路椎管减压伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合,固定节段4～6节。患者均在72 h内手术。结果 41例均获随访,时间12～46(28±2)个月。脊髓神经功能按ASIA分级:A级6例恢复至B级4例,2例无恢复;B级10例恢复至C级6例、D级3例、1例无恢复;C级15例恢复至D级9例、E级2例,4例无恢复;D级6例恢复至E级3例,3例无恢复;E级4例仍为E级。椎体前缘高度:术前为35.36%±7.48%,术后纠正到91.48%±2.15%,末次随访时为90.56%±1.63%;Cobb角:术前为37°±8°,术后及末次随访为-4°±2°。骨折脱位完全复位,无内固定松动及断裂,末次随访均达到骨性融合。结论早期后路椎管减压伤椎椎弓根螺钉内固定是治疗急性中上胸椎骨折脱位的有效方法,能达到椎体早期复位和脊髓减压目的 ,利于患者早期康复。     

一期后路手术矫治胸椎及胸腰段脊椎骨折脱位

目的探讨一期后路矫治胸椎及胸腰段脊椎新鲜或陈旧性骨折脱位的疗效。方法对45例胸椎及胸腰段脊椎骨折伴前后、侧方脱位畸形及脊髓损伤患者均一期行后路手术,32例新鲜骨折患者行椎管减压、经伤椎及其相邻上下椎椎弓根置6钉(或5钉)2棒复位固定植骨融合术;13例陈旧骨折患者行全脊椎切除、环脊髓减压、复位、人工椎体或钛网复合自体碎骨粒置入并内固定重建术。术后观察脊髓神经功能恢复情况;X线摄片复查。结果 45例均获随访,时间1～5年。末次随访时Frankel分级:A级28例均无恢复,B级9例恢复至C级2例、D级4例、E级3例,C级8例恢复至D级2例、E级6例。影像学检查显示矢状面、冠状面前后及侧方移位程度均明显改善。患者在术后6个月内均获得骨性融合。结论对于新鲜或陈旧性胸椎及胸腰段脊椎骨折脱位,均可行后路减压,骨折脱位畸形矫形效果满意。     

钛网椎管成形在脊柱融合术中的应用

目的　介绍一种治疗椎体爆裂性骨折椎板减压后脊柱融合的方法。方法　椎体爆裂性骨折病人 3 4例 ,均有不同程度的脊柱不稳及硬膜囊或神经根压迫。在进行后路椎板减压、经椎弓根内固定后 ,采用钛网椎管成形脊柱后路融合重建脊柱的稳定性。结果　全部病例经 1 2～ 1 8个月随访 ,内固定物无断裂 ,钛网在位 ,椎管成形良好 ,硬膜囊及神经根无压迫。 3 1例神经功能有不同程度的恢复。结论　钛网椎管成形脊柱融合术治疗椎体爆裂性骨折效果良好。此方法操作简单 ,安全 ,能够在恢复椎管形状、免除硬膜囊及神经根压迫的同时 ,进行植骨融合 ,增加脊柱的稳定性 ,易于推广应用。     

一期经后路三柱重建技术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折

目的 探讨严重胸腰椎爆裂骨折应用经后路进行脊柱三柱重建技术的临床效果.方法 对24例胸腰椎爆裂骨折采用经后路椎体次全切除、钛网置入及椎弓根钉重建术治疗.采用Frankel评定标准评定术后神经功能恢复情况.通过影像学变化评价后凸畸形矫正情况和椎管减压程度.结果 本组获随访13～46个月,平均24个月.椎体高度术后恢复至正常高度的97.8％.椎体后凸畸形角度矫正至术后3.5°.椎管容积矫正至术后椎管压迫完全解除.所有患者神经症状均有不同程度恢复.结论 经后路进行脊柱三柱重建技术,能有效矫正胸腰椎爆裂骨折的后凸畸形、解除椎管内压迫,达到术后即刻稳定,具有骨折复位满意,手术创伤较小及并发症少等特点.     

经皮间接减压内固定术治疗伴有神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

目的探讨后路经皮间接减压内固定术治疗伴有神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的有效性及安全性。方法 2015年6月—2017年6月,共25例伴神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者接受后路经皮间接减压内固定术治疗。采用Frankel分级评估神经功能等级,采用疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分评估腰背部疼痛程度。测量并记录术前、术后及末次随访时矢状位Cobb角、伤椎椎体前缘高度百分比、伤椎楔形角、椎管占位率等影像学指标。结果所有患者手术均顺利完成,随访6～24(12.6±5.6)个月,末次随访时所有患者腰背部疼痛症状均明显改善,椎管得到有效减压,神经功能均明显改善,椎体骨折复位愈合,随访无明显丢失,无内固定相关并发症发生。结论后路经皮间接减压内固定术可避免椎管内直接减压,保护脊柱后方结构,减少手术创伤,临床疗效满意,对于伴有不完全神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的治疗是一种微创、安全、有效的选择。     

颈胸段脊柱肿瘤的外科治疗

目的 观察比较不同手术入路方法治疗颈胸段脊柱肿瘤的疗效。方法 本组９例,共１０例次。对其中４例肿瘤同时累及椎体及椎体后部结构的患者,选择前后路同期手术,经前路切除肿瘤、椎管减压及钢筋骨水泥或前路钢板固定,并同期行后路肿瘤切除术,其中１例行Ｌａｕｑｕｅ棒固定;对４例肿瘤仅累及椎体者,选择经前路切除肿瘤、椎管减压、钢筋骨水泥固定;另２例肿瘤单纯累及椎体后部结构者,经后路行肿瘤切除和椎管减压术。术后４例     

A perspective for the selection of surgical approaches in patients with upper thoracic and cervicothoracic junction instabilities

OBJECTIVE: To reach the upper thoracic vertebrae, a number of extensive approaches have been proposed. The purpose of this study is to provide a clear perspective for the selection of surgical approaches in patients who undergo vertebral body resection, reconstruction, and stabilization for upper thoracic and cervicothoracic junction instabilities. METHODS: Seventeen patients with upper thoracic or cervicothoracic junction (C7-T6) instability underwent surgery between January 1999 and May 2004. All patients presented with pain and/or neurological deficits. The causes of instabilities were 10 traumas and 7 pathological fractures. The approach chosen was primarily dictated by 3 factors including (1) type of injury, (2) level of lesion, and (3) time of admission. Ventral surgical approach was performed to all pathological and traumatic fractures causing anterior spinal cord compression. Level of lesion determined the selection of the type of ventral surgical approach, namely, supramanubrial, transmanubrial, or lateral transthoracic. On the other hand, combined (anterior and posterior) approach was performed to all late admitted trauma patients. RESULTS: Twelve anterior, 2 combined (anterior and posterior), and 3 posterior approaches were performed in this study. Anterior approaches included 3 transmanubrial, 5 upper lateral transthoracic, and 4 supramanubrial cervical dissection procedures for decompression, fusion, and plate-screw fixation depending on the levels of the lesion. The mean follow-up period was 18 months, ranging from 10 to 58 months. Nonunion or instrument-related complications were not observed. The postoperative neurological conditions were statistically significantly better than the preoperative ones (P = .003). CONCLUSION: Consideration of the type of injury, level of lesion, and time of admission can provide a perspective for the selection of side of surgical approach for this transitional part of the spinal column. This study also suggests that supramanubrial cervical approach achieves sufficient exposure up to T2, transmanubrial approach for T3, and lateral transthoracic approach below T3.     

Treatment of Spinal Tuberculosis by Debridement,Interbody Fusion and Internal Fixation via Posterior Approach Only

Surgical treatment for spinal tuberculosis includes focal tuberculosis debridement, segmental stability reconstruction, neural decompression and kyphotic deformity correction. For the lesions mainly involved anterior and middle column of the spine, anterior operation of debridement and fusion with internal fixation has been becoming the most frequently used surgical technique for the spinal tuberculosis. However, high risk of structural damage might relate with anterior surgery, such as damage in lungs, heart, kidney, ureter and bowel, and the deformity correction is also limited. Due to the organs are in the front of spine, there are less complications in posterior approach. Spinal pedicle screw passes through the spinal three‐column structure, which provides more powerful orthopedic forces compared with the vertebral body screw, and the kyphotic deformity correction effect is better in posterior approach. In this paper, we report a 68‐year‐old male patient with thoracic tuberculosis who underwent surgical treatment by debridement, interbody fusion and internal fixation via posterior approach only. The patient was placed in prone position under general anesthesia. Posterior midline incision was performed, and the posterior spinal construction was exposed. Then place pedicle screw, and fix one side rod temporarily. Make the side of more bone destruction and larger abscess as lesion debridement side. Resect the unilateral facet joint, and retain contralateral structure integrity. Protect the spinal cord, nerve root. Clear sequestrum, necrotic tissue, abscess of paravertebral and intervertebral space. Specially designed titanium mesh cages or bone blocks were implanted into interbody. Fix both side rods and compress both sides to make the mesh cages and bone blocks tight. Reconstruct posterior column structure with allogeneic bone and autologous bone. Using this technique, the procedures of debridement, spinal cord decompression, deformity correction, bone grafting, and internal fixation can be completed with only one incision and surgical position, and the deformity correction efficiency is higher than anterior surgery.     

NS10ANTERIOR APPROACHES FOR THORACOLUMBAR FRACTURES

The anterior approach for surgery in thoracolumbar injuries allows decompression of anterior neural compression, reconstruction of the anterior and middle columns of the thoracolumbar spine, and osteototomy through the vertebral body if there is a need for late correction of deformity. In acute injuries the burst fracture with neurological injury is the ideal indication for anterior surgery and reconstruction. Because of the neural anatomy in the spinal canal at the throracolumbar junction, the injury can involve cord, conus, nerve root and peripheral nerve in either a pure or mixed lesion, with variable prognosis for recovery. The decompression optimises neurological recovery on the basis of animal models and clinical series of late decompression cases. In the last few years there has been a dramatic increase in the reconstruction options that have improved post surgical spinal stability and reduced morbidity from major bone grafting techniques. Anterior vertebral plates, dual rod and screw systems, titanium mesh cages, and now expanding cages facilitate reconstruction and improve stability, however this procedure remains technically demanding with significant morbidity for the patient.     

Spinal cord compression secondary to a thoracic vertebral osteochondroma

The authors describe a case of spinal cord compression due to an osteochondroma arising from the T-6 vertebral body in a patient with hereditary multiple exostoses. This 16-year-old boy presented with spastic paraparesis. Surgical decompression was followed by resolution of the neurological impairments. Osteochondroma is the most common bone tumor. The distribution of osteochondromas greatly favors the extremities and these lesions rarely arise in the vertebral column. Osteochondromas occur in 2 distinct clinical settings--as solitary or multiple tumors, the latter being often associated with hereditary multiple exostoses. Osteochondromas are more commonly found in the posterior elements of the vertebrae. Intraspinal presentation of these tumors is usually limited to the cervical regions, with few tumors reported in the thoracic vertebrae. Based on the presented case and literature review, the authors conclude that osteochondromas of the thoracic spine that cause myelopathy usually arise from the vertebral body and pedicle. Prompt and systematic radiological investigations are important in planning surgical management. Surgical excision usually yields good results.     

The use of an expandable cage for corpectomy reconstruction of vertebral body tumors through a posterior extracavitary approach: a multicenter consecutive case series of prospectively followed patients.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Posterior decompressions in the form of laminectomies for vertebral body tumors have poor outcomes. Surgical management typically requires anterior decompression and reconstruction; however, these procedures can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of anterior spinal column reconstruction using an expandable cage through a posterior approach. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Multicenter consecutive case series of 21 prospectively followed patients. PATIENT SAMPLE: Twenty-one patients with vertebral body tumors treated with anterior and posterior resection and reconstruction from a single posterior approach were followed prospectively. OUTCOME MEASURES: Pre- and postoperative neurologic status, number of levels instrumented and fused, length of surgery, length of stay after surgery, and complications related directly or indirectly to surgery were analyzed. In addition, pre- and postoperative radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were evaluated for involvement of the vertebral body and associated posterior elements. Particular attention was paid to the presence of either unilateral or bilateral pedicle and/or middle column involvement. METHODS: Patients were placed in a prone position on a rotating radiolucent table. Corpectomy was performed from an extracavitary approach, and anterior column reconstruction was completed with an expandable cage. The posterior tension band and spinal fusion was completed with segmental pedicle screw fixation and performed through the same posterior exposure. No patient required a separate anterior procedure. RESULTS: Patients' average age was 60.3 years (range, 17-78); there were 12 women and 9 men. Eighteen underwent single-level corpectomies (11 thoracic and 7 lumbar), and 3 underwent two-level corpectomies (T4-T5, T11-T12, and T12-L1). Average estimated blood loss (EBL) and length of surgery per level were 1,360 cc (range, 200-2,500) and 5.3 hours (range, 2.7-8.6), respectively. Average postoperative stay was 4.7 days. Nine patients had at least one partial motor grade improvement. One patient had postoperative left lower extremity weakness after surgical decompression and reconstruction secondary to iatrogenic nerve root traction but remained ambulatory. No chest tubes or postoperative bracing was required. At the most recent follow-up, six patients were alive at an average of 16.1 months (range, 3-33). For the 15 patients who died, the average life span after surgery was 6.8 months (range, 1-16). In addition to the iatrogenic nerve root injury, one cage required repositioning on postoperative Day 2 and one cage demonstrated radiographic evidence of settling but did not require surgical intervention; there were no deep venous thromboses (DVTs), pneumothoraces, pneumonias, ileus, or other complications, with a total complication rate of 14.3%. CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest study that specifically examines the use of an expandable cage through a posterior extracavitary approach for reconstruction after vertebral body tumor resection. The use of an expandable cage combined with an extracavitary approach is feasible and allows the surgeon to address both the anterior and posterior columns through a single incision. Although technically challenging, both one- and two-level corpectomies in the thoracic and/or lumbar spine can be performed with this technique. Furthermore, insertion of the expandable cage in the collapsed position and then expansion in situ after implantation allowed for all lumbar reconstructions to be completed without sacrificing any of the lumbar nerve roots. Our 14.3% complication rate is similar to those reported in anterior-alone and circumferential spinal procedures.     

钉棒及钩棒系统治疗胸腰椎多节段脊柱骨折

目的评价钉棒及钩棒系统治疗胸腰椎多节段脊柱骨折的临床疗效。方法23例多节段胸腰椎骨折患者，后路切开复位，选择性椎管减压．钉棒或钩棒系统内固定及后外侧植骨融合进行手术治疗。其中相邻多节段型13例，非相邻多节段型8例，混合型2例。结果全组病例平均随访14个月，未发现内固定物松动、断离，无继发性脊柱后凸畸形加重。椎体高度由术前平均48．4％恢复至术后平均92．4%。2例完全性及11例不完全性脊髓损伤者．脊髓神经功能获改善。结论在椎管进行充分减压的基础上．钉棒及钩棒系统能有效复位椎体骨折，重建脊柱稳定性，是多节段胸腰椎不稳定性骨折合并脊髓神经损伤后路手术的理想选择。     

下胸椎椎管狭窄症的临床和治疗特点

目的探讨下胸椎椎管狭窄症的发病机制、病理、临床表现及治疗的特点。方法回顾性分析自1986年6月至2005年9月收治的37例下胸椎椎管狭窄症患者,其中韧带骨化29例:16例黄韧带骨化(ossification of ligamentum flavum,OLF)、13例后纵韧带骨化(ossification of posterior longitudi-nalligament,OPLL);椎间盘突出症8例(Scheuermann病或非典型Scheuermann病);病变部位:T10,11间隙12例,T11,12间隙14例,T12L1间隙11例。观察病变节段和临床神经定位体征间的关系,评价并总结其病理特征和术后神经功能恢复情况。手术采用后路减压或经肋横突入路减压治疗,严格遵循"安全手术原则"。结果下胸椎T10,11、T11,12、T12L1病变间隙导致相应脊髓节段和神经功能不同程度的障碍,神经定位检查具有特异性:T12L1椎间病变患者不出现跟腱反射或膝反射亢进,无髌阵挛或踝阵挛,可出现Babinski征;T11,12椎间病变不出现膝反射亢进或髌阵挛,可出现跟腱反射亢进或踝阵挛及Babinski征阳性,而在T10,11椎间病变上述体征均可能出现。21例患者获完全随访,根据改良JOA评分标准,21例效果均为优良。结论下胸椎椎管狭窄症的病因多是韧带骨化或椎间盘硬突出,引起"一元化"脊髓病变,不同间隙病变有特异性表现,多数采用后路减压术可解除压迫,但应注意安全手术原则。     

Single-stage posterior transpedicular approach for circumferential epidural decompression and three-column stabilization using a titanium cage for upper thoracic spine neoplastic disease: a case series and technical note

Two or three-column neoplastic spinal disease requiring circumferential decompression and instrumented stabilization is commonly treated through combined anterior transcavitary and posterior surgical approaches. An alternative approach advocated in the literature is costotransversectomy and interbody cage insertion. The authors present an effective and less invasive treatment paradigm using a single-stage posterior transpedicular approach (TPA) to circumferential thoracic decompression and fixation, avoiding the morbidity of thoracic or thoraco-abdominal access based on a series of eight patients with upper thoracic neoplastic disease.     

Percutaneous vertebroplasty for thoracic vertebral metastases

[背景]脊柱转移瘤是最常见的骨转移瘤,高达40%的癌症患者发生脊柱转移[1]。脊柱转移瘤常常引起椎体骨折、脊柱不稳、脊髓及神经根压迫等及其他合并症。手术治疗的目的在恢复脊柱稳定性的同时解除神经压迫的因素。[方法]从2003年1月～2009年7月,21例胸椎转移瘤患者(女12例,男9例;平均年龄58.3岁)行经皮穿刺椎体成形术PVP(percutaneous vertebroplasty)治疗,并对患者术前、术后(1周、6个月及1年)进行随访调查,通过视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、日常生活自理能力(ADL)量表进行评价。[结果]21例手术均成功,椎体成形术中平均每个椎体骨水泥(PMMA)注射量约(2.9±0.3)ml(1.7～4.1 ml)。大部分患者94%(19/21)、88.2%(15/17)、100%(14/14)术后短期及长期均有良好的治疗止痛效果,术前VAS平均8.38±0.653降至术后1年随访内平均2.69±1.75。根据ADL评分,大部分患者无伴疼痛或伴轻微疼痛,其总体生活质量均有所提高。[结论]经皮穿刺椎体成形术(PVP)是缓解胸椎转移瘤引起顽固性疼痛一种安全、有效、简单的治疗手段。其通过增加椎体...     

Surgical treatment of post-traumatic kyphosis in the thoracolumbar spine: indications and technical aspects

Previous reports have emphasized the importance of neural decompression through either an anterior or posterior approach when reconstruction surgery is performed for neurological deficits following vertebral collapse in the osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine. However, the contribution of these decompression procedures to neurological recovery has not been fully established. In the present study, we investigated 14 consecutive patients who had incomplete neurological deficits following vertebral collapse in the osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine and underwent posterior instrumented fusion without neural decompression. They were radiographically and neurologically assessed during an average follow-up period of 25 months. The mean local kyphosis angle was 14.6° at flexion and 4.1° at extension preoperatively, indicating marked instability at the collapsed vertebrae. The mean spinal canal occupation by bone fragments was 21%. After surgery, solid bony fusion was obtained in all patients. The mean local kyphosis angle became 5.8° immediately after surgery and 9.9° at the final follow-up. There was no implant dislodgement, and no additional surgery was required. In all patients, back pain was relieved, and neurological improvement was obtained by at least one modified Frankel grade. The present series demonstrate that the posterior instrumented fusion without neural decompression for incomplete neurological deficits following vertebral collapse in the osteoporotic thoracolumbar spine can provide neurological improvement and relief of back pain without major complications. We suggest that neural decompression is not essential for the treatment of neurological impairment due to osteoporotic vertebral collapse with dynamic mobility.     

前后路手术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的比较

目的探讨前路，后路手术治疗脊柱爆裂性骨折的疗效并作出对比，评出其优越性。方法总结2005年至2008年胸腰椎爆裂性骨折共38例，其中采用后路减压，植骨与内固定手术治疗20例。采用前路减压，植骨与内固定手术治疗18例，术后进行随访，观察病椎高度变化，脊柱后突角度改变，内固定有无松脱，折断及椎管狭窄程度改变。结果全部患者均接受6～36个月的随访，平均18月，X线复查示：前路手术组病椎植骨均骨性愈合，高度未见明显丧失。后路手术组有9例高度明显丢失，后突畸形明显，3例出现断钉、脱钉．后路组有明显椎管狭窄。结论在胸腰椎爆裂骨折治疗中前路手术优于后路手术。     

肩胛下经胸入路切除及重建治疗上胸椎肿瘤

目的 探讨肩胛下经胸入路切除及重建上胸椎肿瘤的技术及方法 ,分析患者的手术治疗效果及手术相关并发症.方法 收集自2003年2月至2005年2月北京大学人民医院骨肿瘤科手术治疗的上胸椎椎体(T1-4)肿瘤患者21例,转移癌11例,嗜酸性肉芽肿2例,骨肉瘤1例,尤文肉瘤2例,软骨肉瘤2例.骨巨细胞瘤2例,淋巴瘤1例.采用经肩胛下胸腔入路行上胸椎肿瘤切除、脊髓减压,结合人工椎体植入或者单纯植骨、前路侧方内固定术.结果 所有患者术后疼痛均得到缓解.3例出现截瘫症状的患者术后Frankel分级由A级改善为D级,2例患者下肢感觉肌力恢复正常.术后2例患者出现肺部炎症、肺不张,1例患者出现脑脊液胸腔漏,1例患者术后出现胸主动脉破损出血.术后随访11～58个月,其中9例患者死亡,包括7例转移癌、1例尤文肉瘤、1例骨肉瘤患者.结论 经肩胛下胸腔入路切除颈胸段及上胸椎肿瘤是处理上胸椎病变的理想入路,尤其是对于累及椎体及一侧椎弓根的患者尤为适宜.该手术方式可以充分显露前方椎体的病变,可以有效地解除来自前方椎体的脊髓压迫.